Metal vapor lamp having internal means promoting condensate film
formation
    31.
    发明授权
    Metal vapor lamp having internal means promoting condensate film formation 失效
    具有促进冷凝膜形成的内部装置的金属蒸气灯

    公开(公告)号:US4574218A

    公开(公告)日:1986-03-04

    申请号:US105588

    申请日:1979-12-20

    IPC分类号: H01J61/24 H01J61/35 H01J61/88

    CPC分类号: H01J61/35

    摘要: In a high intensity metal halide discharge lamp, means are provided associated with the interior surface of the envelope to promote the formation and spreading of a liquid film of condensate thereon. Such a film can lower the color temperature as a result of pressure broadening and self-reversal of the sodium line, and also by acting as a color correcting filter. The film-promoting means may be a coating which imparts an irregularity to the surface such that the reduction in exposed surface area by coverage with a uniform liquid film is energetically favored. Alternatively, a chemically different surface better wetted by the metal halide dose may be used.

    摘要翻译: 在高强度金属卤化物放电灯中,提供与封套的内表面相关联的装置,以促进其上的冷凝液的液膜的形成和扩散。 由于钠线的压力变宽和自反转,也可以作为色彩校正滤光片,这样的薄膜可以降低色温。 膜促进装置可以是赋予表面不规则性的涂层,使得通过用均匀的液膜覆盖的暴露表面积的减少是有利的。 或者,可以使用更好地被金属卤化物剂量润湿的化学不同的表面。

    Transparent ceramics and methods of preparation thereof
    36.
    发明授权
    Transparent ceramics and methods of preparation thereof 有权
    透明陶瓷及其制备方法

    公开(公告)号:US08338322B2

    公开(公告)日:2012-12-25

    申请号:US13221788

    申请日:2011-08-30

    IPC分类号: C04B35/50

    摘要: A method for forming a transparent ceramic preform in one embodiment includes forming a suspension of oxide particles in a solvent, wherein the suspension includes a dispersant, with the proviso that the suspension does not include a gelling agent; and uniformly curing the suspension for forming a preform of gelled suspension. A method according to another embodiment includes creating a mixture of inorganic particles, a solvent and a dispersant, the inorganic particles having a mean diameter of less than about 2000 nm; agitating the mixture; adding the mixture to a mold; and curing the mixture in the mold for gelling the mixture, with the proviso that no gelling agent is added to the mixture.

    摘要翻译: 在一个实施方案中形成透明陶瓷预制件的方法包括在溶剂中形成氧化物颗粒的悬浮液,其中所述悬浮液包括分散剂,条件是悬浮液不包括胶凝剂; 并均匀固化用于形成胶凝悬浮液预型体的悬浮液。 根据另一个实施方案的方法包括产生无机颗粒,溶剂和分散剂的混合物,所述无机颗粒的平均直径小于约2000nm; 搅拌混合物; 将混合物加入到模具中; 并固化模具中的混合物以凝胶化混合物,条件是不向混合物中加入胶凝剂。

    Compound transparent ceramics and methods of preparation thereof
    37.
    发明授权
    Compound transparent ceramics and methods of preparation thereof 有权
    复合透明陶瓷及其制备方法

    公开(公告)号:US08329090B2

    公开(公告)日:2012-12-11

    申请号:US12603195

    申请日:2009-10-21

    摘要: According to one embodiment, a method for forming a composite transparent ceramic preform includes forming a first suspension of oxide particles in a first solvent which includes a first dispersant but does not include a gelling agent, adding the first suspension to a first mold of a desired shape, and uniformly curing the first suspension in the first mold until stable. The method also includes forming a second suspension of oxide particles in a second solvent which includes a second dispersant but does not include a gelling agent, adding the second suspension to the stable first suspension in a second mold of a desired shape encompassing the first suspension and the second suspension, and uniformly curing the second suspension in the second mold until stable. Other methods for forming a composite transparent ceramic preform are also described according to several other embodiments. Structures are also disclosed.

    摘要翻译: 根据一个实施方案,一种形成复合透明陶瓷预制件的方法包括在包括第一分散剂但不包括胶凝剂的第一溶剂中形成氧化物颗粒的第一悬浮液,将第一悬浮液加入到所需的第一模具中 形状,并均匀地固化第一模具中的第一悬浮液直到稳定。 该方法还包括在包括第二分散剂但不包括胶凝剂的第二溶剂中形成氧化物颗粒的第二悬浮液,将第二悬浮液在包含第一悬浮液的所需形状的第二模具中的稳定的第一悬浮液中加入, 第二悬浮液,并均匀固化第二模具中的第二悬浮液直到稳定。 根据几个其他实施方案也描述了用于形成复合透明陶瓷预制件的其它方法。 还公开了结构。

    Slip Casting Nano-Particle Powders for Making Transparent Ceramics
    40.
    发明申请
    Slip Casting Nano-Particle Powders for Making Transparent Ceramics 有权
    滑动制造透明陶瓷的纳米颗粒粉末

    公开(公告)号:US20090283925A1

    公开(公告)日:2009-11-19

    申请号:US12465708

    申请日:2009-05-14

    IPC分类号: G02B1/00

    CPC分类号: C04B35/44

    摘要: A method of making a transparent ceramic including the steps of providing nano-ceramic powders in a processed or unprocessed form, mixing the powders with de-ionized water, the step of mixing the powders with de-ionized water producing a slurry, sonifing the slurry to completely wet the powder and suspend the powder in the de-ionized water, separating very fine particles from the slurry, molding the slurry, and curing the slurry to produce the transparent ceramic.

    摘要翻译: 一种制造透明陶瓷的方法,包括以加工或未加工形式提供纳米陶瓷粉末,将粉末与去离子水混合的步骤,将粉末与去离子水混合产生浆料的步骤,使浆料 将粉末完全湿润并将粉末悬浮在去离子水中,从浆料中分离出非常细的颗粒,模制浆料,并固化浆料以制备透明陶瓷。