公开(公告)号：US4310203A

公开(公告)日：1982-01-12

申请号：US122926

申请日：1980-02-20

Applicant: Karl Eickmann

Inventor： Karl Eickmann

IPC: F04B1/20 ,  F16C21/00 ,  F16C32/06

CPC classification number: F16C21/00 ,  F04B1/20 ,  F16C39/04 ,  B64C2700/6281 ,  F02F2200/04 ,  F05C2201/0448 ,  F05C2201/046

Abstract: In radial bearings of mechanical nature the life time id is limited. In hydrostatic bearings the lateral loads may over time or even quickly deform the bearing and make it less effective. The invention overcomes this problem by providing not a hydrostatic bearing, but mechanical bearings to revolvable members and a hydrostatic support member, which carries the major portion of the load. The hydrostatic support member is radially flexibly mounted in order to adapt itself for proper support of the mechanical bearings. The device is also very convenient for hydrostatic pumps and motors with radially expanding and contracting working chambers.

Abstract translation: 在机械性质的径向轴承中，寿命id有限。 在静压轴承中，横向载荷可能会随着时间的推移而变化，甚至使轴承变形迅速，使其不太有效。 本发明克服了这个问题，即不提供静压轴承，而是提供可旋转构件的机械轴承和承载负载的主要部分的静水支撑构件。 流体静力支撑构件径向地柔性地安装，以适应机械轴承的适当支撑。 该装置对于具有径向膨胀和收缩工作室的静液压泵和电动机也是非常方便的。

公开(公告)号：US4237846A

公开(公告)日：1980-12-09

申请号：US23769

申请日：1979-03-26

Applicant: Reinhold Fuchs

Inventor： Reinhold Fuchs

IPC: F02B3/06 ,  F02F3/00 ,  F02F3/02 ,  F02F3/04

CPC classification number: F02F3/0023 ,  F02B3/06 ,  F05C2201/0448

Abstract: The piston for use in an internal combustion engine, more especially a diesel engine, is provided with a piston barrel consisting of light metal and a head plate which consists of a metal having a lesser thermal conductivity but a greater high-temperature strength, for example steel. The head plate is fastened to the piston barrel with the aid of retaining screws, which extend parallel to the piston axis and are preferably designed as expansion screws. The head plate is supported against the piston barrel only by a ring-shaped rib along a narrow ring rib through which the retaining screws pass. A radially outwardly widening gap is left free between the opposite faces of the ring-shaped rib formed on the head plate and the ring rib of the piston barrel at room temperature and when the retaining screws have not yet been tightened. The surface of the ring rib of the piston barrel is convexly curved in the radial direction.The proposed curvature of the surface of the ring rib of the piston barrel has the advantage that the adjoining ring rib surface of the head plate finds for each oblique position an areal seating on the ring surface of the ring rib of the piston barrel.Due to the proposed curvature of the lower gap surface, a smaller gap dimension can be chosen over the entire radial gap length than in the case of a gap consisting of plane surfaces.

Abstract translation: 用于内燃机，特别是柴油发动机的活塞设置有由轻金属和头板组成的活塞筒，该活塞筒由具有较小导热性但较高高温强度的金属组成，例如 钢。 头板借助于平行于活塞轴线延伸的固定螺钉紧固到活塞筒，并且优选地被设计为膨胀螺钉。 头板仅通过沿着固定螺钉穿过的窄环肋的环形肋支撑在活塞筒上。 在室温下形成的环形肋的相对面和活塞筒的环形肋之间以及当固定螺钉尚未拧紧时，径向向外扩大的间隙是自由的。 活塞筒的环形肋的表面在径向方向上凸起地弯曲。 所提出的活塞筒的环形肋表面曲率的优点在于，头板的邻接的环形肋表面针对每个倾斜位置找到位于活塞筒的环形肋的环表面上的面位置。 由于所提出的下间隙表面的曲率，可以在整个径向间隙长度上选择比在由平面表面构成的间隙的情况下更小的间隙尺寸。

公开(公告)号：US4228727A

公开(公告)日：1980-10-21

申请号：US882778

申请日：1978-03-02

Applicant: David C. Speaight ,  Gerald Longfoot

Inventor： David C. Speaight ,  Gerald Longfoot

IPC: F02F3/00 ,  F02F3/04 ,  F16J1/00

CPC classification number: F16J1/005 ,  F02F3/047 ,  F02F2200/04 ,  F05C2201/021 ,  F05C2201/0448 ,  Y10T29/49256

Abstract: A cast light metal piston has a plurality of longitudinally extending reinforcing members. These reinforcing members may be disposed at predetermined positions in the piston as cast and are designed to impart a compressive stress to the material of the piston in the regions where the reinforcing members are located. Conveniently, the reinforcing members may be located adjacent the opposite sides of each of a pair of gudgeon pin holes provided in the skirt of the piston.

Abstract translation: 铸造轻金属活塞具有多个纵向延伸的加强构件。 这些加强构件可以设置在活塞的预定位置上，并且被设计成在加强构件所在的区域中向活塞的材料赋予压缩应力。 方便地，加强构件可以邻近设置在活塞裙部中的一对舵针孔的相对侧。

公开(公告)号：US4175502A

公开(公告)日：1979-11-27

申请号：US908421

申请日：1978-05-22

Applicant: Horst Moebus

Inventor： Horst Moebus

IPC: F02B3/06 ,  F02F3/00 ,  F02F3/22 ,  F01P3/10

CPC classification number: F02F3/22 ,  F02F3/0023 ,  F02B3/06 ,  F05C2201/021 ,  F05C2201/0448

Abstract: In a liquid cooled, assembled piston for an internal combustion engine which has a lower piston part, an upper piston part connected thereto, an annular cooling passage disposed in the upper piston part behind the top land and at least part of the ring-carrying portion thereof, an input coolant conduit in the lower piston part, a central cooling chamber disposed between the two piston parts and a supporting ring concentrically disposed on the underside of the upper piston part and between the annular cooling passage and the central cooling chamber, there is provided an oil guiding ring including a flange gripped between the two piston parts and a lip connected to the flange and protruding into the annular cooling passage for effecting the flow of the oil along the periphery of the cooling passage as it enters same from the input coolant conduit.

Abstract translation: 在液体冷却组装的内燃机的活塞中，该内燃机具有下活塞部分，连接到其上的上活塞部分，设置在上部活塞部分后面的顶部平台的环形冷却通道以及环形承载部分的至少一部分 在下活塞部分中的输入冷却剂导管，设置在两个活塞部分之间的中央冷却室和同心地设置在上活塞部分的下侧以及环形冷却通道和中央冷却室之间的支撑环， 提供了一种油引导环，其包括夹在两个活塞部件之间的凸缘和连接到凸缘并突出到环形冷却通道中的凸缘，用于当其从输入冷却剂进入其时沿着冷却通道的周边沿着冷却通道的周边流动 导管。

公开(公告)号：US4161165A

公开(公告)日：1979-07-17

申请号：US770109

申请日：1977-02-18

Applicant: Richard Belush ,  James A. Wade

Inventor： Richard Belush ,  James A. Wade

IPC: F02B3/06 ,  F02F3/28 ,  F16J1/00 ,  F16J1/02 ,  F16J1/14 ,  F02F3/02 ,  F16J1/04

CPC classification number: F02F3/28 ,  F16J1/02 ,  F16J1/14 ,  F02B3/06 ,  F02F2200/04 ,  F05C2201/021 ,  F05C2201/0448

Abstract: This disclosure deals with a reciprocating piston for an internal combustion engine, particularly for a diesel engine. The piston is made of a relatively high strength metal such as iron, and no more material is used than is necessary to withstand the thermal and mechanical loads encountered in use. A circular piston dome is supported by a support part which extends between the dome and a pair of piston pin bosses. The bosses also support arcuate side thrust pads. A ring band is connected to the outer periphery of the dome by a connecting part which is relatively thin and flexible. The dome, the ring band and the support part are generally symmetrical about the axis of the piston. The support part is annular in cross section and may be conical, cylindrical, or partly conical and partly cylindrical.

Abstract translation: 本公开涉及用于内燃机的往复活塞，特别是用于柴油发动机。 活塞由铁等相对高强度的金属制成，并且不再需要使用比承受使用中遇到的热和机械负载所需的材料更多的材料。 圆形活塞圆顶由在圆顶和一对活塞销凸起之间延伸的支撑部分支撑。 老板也支持弓形侧推力垫。 环带通过相对薄且柔性的连接部连接到圆顶的外周。 圆顶，环带和支撑部分大致对称​​关于活塞的轴线。 支撑部分是环形的横截面，并且可以是圆锥形，圆柱形或部分圆锥形和部分圆柱形。

公开(公告)号：US4138984A

公开(公告)日：1979-02-13

申请号：US658006

申请日：1976-02-13

Applicant: Werner Steidle ,  Wilfried Sander ,  Ernst Deubelbeiss

Inventor： Werner Steidle ,  Wilfried Sander ,  Ernst Deubelbeiss

IPC: F02F3/12 ,  F02B3/06 ,  F02B23/06 ,  F02F3/10 ,  F02F3/26

CPC classification number: F02B23/0675 ,  F02B23/0651 ,  F02F3/10 ,  F02B2023/0612 ,  F02B2275/14 ,  F02B3/06 ,  F05C2201/021 ,  F05C2201/0448 ,  Y02T10/125

Abstract: A light alloy piston for diesel engines includes a piston head coated with a hard annodized layer having a combustion chamber recess and/or a fuel-guiding channel provided adjacent to the edge of the combustion chamber recess and/or valve pockets. The piston head is free of a hard anodized layer in those regions which are highly stressed by gas and mass forces. Preferably those regions of the piston head adjacent to edge portions of the combustion chamber recess lying in the direction of the piston pin are free of a hard anodized layer.

Abstract translation: 用于柴油发动机的轻合金活塞包括涂覆有具有燃烧室凹部和/或邻近燃烧室凹部和/或阀口的边缘设置的燃料引导通道的硬复层的活塞头。 在气体和质量力受高度压力的区域中，活塞头没有硬质阳极氧化层。 优选地，与位于活塞销方向上的燃烧室凹部的边缘部分相邻的活塞头部的那些区域不含硬质阳极氧化层。

公开(公告)号：US4114519A

公开(公告)日：1978-09-19

申请号：US729098

申请日：1976-10-04

Applicant: David Clement Speaight

Inventor： David Clement Speaight

IPC: F02B3/06 ,  F02B23/06 ,  F02F3/00 ,  F02F3/16 ,  F02F3/22 ,  F16J1/06 ,  F16J1/00

CPC classification number: F02F3/22 ,  F02B23/0696 ,  F02F3/0023 ,  F16J1/06 ,  F02B2275/14 ,  F02B3/06 ,  F05C2201/021 ,  F05C2201/0448 ,  F05C2251/042 ,  Y02T10/125

Abstract: A piston having a crown and a body connected together by bolts. The bolts pass through an annular gap defined by a pair of concentric ring members located between the crown and the body. One of the ring members is relatively resilient and the other ring member is relatively rigid. Such a construction reduces fretting between the crown and the body when the piston is in operation in an engine.

Abstract translation: 具有冠和主体通过螺栓连接在一起的活塞。 螺栓穿过由位于冠部和主体之间的一对同心环构件限定的环形间隙。 环形构件中的一个是相对弹性的，另一个环构件是相对刚性的。 当活塞在发动机中运行时，这种结构减轻了冠部和主体之间的磨损。

公开(公告)号：US4069794A

公开(公告)日：1978-01-24

申请号：US713161

申请日：1976-08-10

Applicant: Robert Denney Jordan

Inventor： Robert Denney Jordan

IPC: F02B1/04 ,  F02B3/06 ,  F02B23/08 ,  F02B23/10 ,  F02B33/36 ,  F02B47/02 ,  F02B75/02 ,  F02B75/12 ,  F02D1/06 ,  F02M59/10 ,  F02B19/16 ,  F02B33/34 ,  F02D19/00 ,  F02F3/26

CPC classification number: F02B33/36 ,  F02B23/08 ,  F02B23/104 ,  F02B47/02 ,  F02D1/065 ,  F02M59/105 ,  F02B1/04 ,  F02B2075/025 ,  F02B2075/125 ,  F02B3/06 ,  F02D2200/0606 ,  F05C2201/021 ,  F05C2201/0448 ,  Y02T10/121 ,  Y02T10/123 ,  Y02T10/125

Abstract: The two-stroke engine has a piston mounted in a cylinder having a full diameter bore throughout its major length and a reduced diameter upper bore portion. The piston has the same configuration and in its upward compression stroke, air and finely-divided water droplets are admitted into an annular space formed between the piston's reduced diameter and the cylinder's full diameter. Flow of the air water mixture through an exhaust valve cools the motor. At TDC (top dead center) the upper surfaces of the piston and the cylinder mutually form a relatively small spheroidal combustion chamber. Differing compression ratios in the annular and the spheroidal chamber cause the air-water mixture to rush into the spheroid in a swirling motion to intimately mix with injected fuel. Ignition produces a complete burning. End gases or the like are burnt in the cooler annular space to avoid detonation. The fuel injection is in measured increments determined by the temperature and pressure of the water mixture. The water supply also is metered responsively both to the engine temperature and the fuel demands. To increase engine output, an operator varies the amount and pressure of the air supply by varying the eccentricity of an eccentric vane blower. A special high pressure injection system is provided for improving both safety and performance.

Abstract translation: 二冲程发动机具有安装在圆柱体中的活塞，该活塞具有在其主要长度上的全直径孔和减小直径的上部孔部分。 活塞具有相同的构造，并且在其向上的压缩行程中，空气和细分的水滴进入形成在活塞减小的直径和气缸的全径之间的环形空间中。 空气混合物通过排气阀的流动使电动机冷却。 在TDC（上死点），活塞和气缸的上表面相互形成相对小的球形燃烧室。 环形和球形腔室中的不同的压缩比导致空气 - 水混合物以旋转运动冲入球体，以与喷射的燃料紧密混合。 点火产生完全燃烧。 末端气体等在较冷的环形空间中燃烧以避免爆炸。 燃料喷射的测量增量是由水混合物的温度和压力决定的。 供水也根据发动机温度和燃料需求进行计量。 为了增加发动机输出，操作者通过改变偏心叶片鼓风机的偏心度来改变供气的量和压力。 提供特殊的高压注射系统，以提高安全性和性能。

公开(公告)号：US4051820A

公开(公告)日：1977-10-04

申请号：US586138

申请日：1975-06-11

Applicant: Eyvind Boyesen

Inventor： Eyvind Boyesen

IPC: F01L3/20 ,  F02B25/14 ,  F02B33/04 ,  F02B75/02 ,  F02F1/22 ,  F02M35/104

CPC classification number: F02M35/108 ,  F01L3/205 ,  F02B25/14 ,  F02B33/04 ,  F02F1/22 ,  F02M35/1019 ,  F02M35/10275 ,  F02B2075/025 ,  F02B2700/037 ,  F05C2201/0448 ,  F05C2225/08

Abstract: A two-cycle crankcase compression internal combustion engine having extended and specially positioned intake porting and reed-type intake valves, with the porting and valves arranged to improve various of the operating characteristics of the engine.

公开(公告)号：US4023613A

公开(公告)日：1977-05-17

申请号：US663195

申请日：1976-03-01

Applicant: Yositaka Uebayasi ,  Hiroshi Kumon ,  Michinobu Yamada ,  Yoshikazu Oe

Inventor： Yositaka Uebayasi ,  Hiroshi Kumon ,  Michinobu Yamada ,  Yoshikazu Oe

IPC: B22D19/00 ,  C23C6/00 ,  B22D19/08

CPC classification number: B22D19/0081 ,  B21J5/12 ,  B22D19/0018 ,  C23C6/00 ,  F05C2201/021 ,  F05C2201/0448

Abstract: A method of making a metal casting composed of a steel plate and aluminum material interlocked with the steel plate. A plurality of teeth are formed on at least one of the opposed surfaces of the steel plate by raising up a skin of the plate from the same, the teeth providing primary interstices, each of which extends from the steel plate and has at least one face with a number of flaws formed during the formation of the teeth and providing substantially irregular interstices. The casting is then formed by pouring aluminum material in the molten state onto the steel plate surface so that the molten aluminum material penetrates into the primary and irregular interstices, thereby to provide a firm interlocking between the steel plate and the aluminum material upon solidification thereof.

Abstract translation: 一种由与钢板互锁的钢板和铝材组成的金属铸造的方法。 在钢板的至少一个相对表面上形成多个齿，通过从其上升起板的表皮，提供主要间隙的齿，每个间隙从钢板延伸并具有至少一个面 在牙齿形成期间形成许多缺陷并提供基本上不规则的间隙。 然后通过将熔融状态的铝材料浇铸到钢板表面上，使熔融的铝材料渗透到主要和不规则的间隙中，从而在钢板和铝材料凝固时提供牢固的互锁，从而形成铸件。