Abstract:
A device includes a zero symbol rate (ZSR) coding/modulation module and a second type coding/modulation module. Both modules generate modulation symbols to be conveyed using the same air link resources but with the non-zero ZSR symbols having a higher power level. The ZSR module generates a mixture of zero and non-zero modulation symbols. A ZSR modulation scheme communicates information using both the position of the non-zero modulation symbols and the phase and/or amplitude of the non-zero modulation symbols. Different ZSR schemes, implementing different ratios relating the number of zero symbols to the total number of symbols, can be associated with different low data rates while second module modulation schemes can be associated with different high data rates. Modulation symbols from two modules are in some embodiments, superimposed. In some embodiments, non-zero ZSR modulation symbols punch out second module modulation symbols which occupy the same air link resource.
Abstract:
In the field of communications, a session transfer method and a User Equipment (UE) are provided, so as to solve the problem that when a UE is involved in a voice session and a video session at the same time, session transfer cannot be performed. The technical solution according to the present invention includes: determining a session in an active state among a video session and a voice session; and initiating transfer of the session in the active state, so that a network side transfers the session in the active state to a Circuit Switched (CS) domain, and transfers a session in an inactive state among the video session and the voice session. The session transfer method and the UE may be applied in a radio communication network.
Abstract:
A medical device is electrically connected to a biological tissue for transmission of an electrical signal between the medical device and the biological tissue. The medical device includes a housing assembly and a control circuit assembly that controls the electrical signal. The control circuit assembly is enclosed within the housing assembly, and the control circuit assembly includes an electrically conductive terminal. The device further includes an electrical component at least partially enclosed within the housing assembly. The electrical component has a connecting member that electrically connects the electrical component to the control circuit assembly. The connecting member is resistance welded and bonded directly to the electrically conductive terminal of the control circuit assembly.
Abstract:
A serial concatenated coder includes an outer coder and an inner coder. The outer coder irregularly repeats bits in a data block according to a degree profile and scrambles the repeated bits. The scrambled and repeated bits are input to an inner coder, which has a rate substantially close to one.
Abstract:
Adaptive rule-based methods to solve localization problems for ad hoc wireless sensor networks are disclosed. A large problem may be solved as a sequence of very small subproblems, each of which is solved by semidefinite programming relaxation of a geometric optimization model. The subproblems may be generated according to a set of sensor/anchor selection rules and a priority list. The methods scale well and provide improved positioning accuracy. A dynamic version may be used for estimating moving sensors locations in a real-time environment. The method may use dynamic distance measurement updates among sensors, and utilizes subproblem solving for static sensor localization. Methods to deploy sensor localization algorithms in clustered distributed environments are also provided, permitting application to arbitrarily large networks. In addition, the methods may be used to solve sensor localizations in 2D or 3D space. A preprocessor may be used for localization of networks without absolute position information.
Abstract:
A lottery ticket machine able to prevent tickets from being illegally drawn out includes a machine base provided with a driving device, two press rollers with pressed streaks on the wheel surface and a control device. One of the two press rollers is provided with a shaft extending out of the machine base for fixing the control device that contains a rotary gear with engage holes, a bushing and a control wheel bored with bushing hole to be fitted with the bushing and disposed with engage teeth and projecting members to be respectively engaged with the engage holes of the rotary gear. An outer cover covered on the control device is provided inside with engage teeth to correspondingly engage with the engage teeth of the control wheel, and a spring has opposite ends respectively pushing against the control wheel and the inner wall of the bushing cover.
Abstract:
An electronic MIMO-OFDM carrier frequency recovery method is disclosed. The method includes receiving a wirelessly propagated time-domain signal observation, estimating a data-channel vector from a latest observation vector by correcting for a phase rotation effect based on an initial estimate or an up-to-date estimate of a phase rotation term, removing an effect associated with the data-channel vector from the latest observation vector using the estimated data-channel vector to obtain an up-to-date estimate of the phase rotation term; and repeating those prior acts iteratively to allow for production of FFT input samples that are free or nearly free of carrier frequency and phase error.
Abstract:
A serial concatenated coder includes an outer coder and an inner coder. The outer coder irregularly repeats bits in a data block according to a degree profile and scrambles the repeated bits. The scrambled and repeated bits are input to an inner coder, which has a rate substantially close to one.
Abstract:
Improved ways of communicating assignment signals using flash signaling are described, e.g., for wireless terminals with low SNR, that are more robust against large variation of channel gains due to e.g., frequency selective fading and fast fading in time. Coding and modulation methods and apparatus that have excellent properties against symbol erasures are described. The use of flash signaling provides an improved assignment channel having strong performance on the fading channel without compromising the performance on the AWGN channel. In one exemplary embodiment, the coding and modulation method can tolerate up to 5 erased symbols out of 8 transmitted symbols. One embodiment reduces or minimizes the sector interference on the flash assignment by improving or maximizing orthogonality between different sectors. In addition, one embodiment describes improved ways of swapping flash assignment tone-symbols in the presence other high priority signals, like sector pilots and sector null pilots.
Abstract:
A wireless terminal includes an uplink rate option indicator in the same uplink channel segment with data, the rate option indicator providing transmission rate information about the data transmitted in the segment. The indicator value is represented by an energy pattern within the segment. Different energy patterns correspond to different indicator values. The number of indicator values is less than the number of possible uplink data rate options supported by the wireless terminal. A single indicator value represents different uplink data rate options, at different times, as a function of a received maximum data rate option and/or type of assignment message. The maximum data rate option and/or assignment message was transmitted by the same base station receiving the indicator value; therefore, there is no ambiguity between wireless terminal and base station as to the interpretation of the uplink data rate option indicator value with respect to an individual uplink segment.