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公开(公告)号：US06176897B1
公开(公告)日：2001-01-23
申请号：US09000844
申请日：1997-12-30
申请人： Bowie G. Keefer
发明人： Bowie G. Keefer
IPC分类号： B01D53047
CPC分类号： B01D53/0476 , B01D53/0431 , B01D53/0446 , B01D53/261 , B01D2253/104 , B01D2253/108 , B01D2253/25 , B01D2253/304 , B01D2256/12 , B01D2257/102 , B01D2257/504 , B01D2257/80 , B01D2259/40005 , B01D2259/40052 , B01D2259/40062 , B01D2259/404 , B01D2259/4146 , B01D2259/4533 , B01D2259/4541 , Y02C10/08
摘要： Pressure swing adsorption separation of a feed gas mixture, to obtain a purified product gas of the less strongly adsorbed fraction of the feed gas mixture, is performed in a plurality of preferably an even number of adsorbent beds, with each adsorbent bed communicating at its product end directly to a variable volume expansion chamber, and at its feed end by directional valves to a feed compressor and an exhaust vacuum pump. For high frequency operation of the pressure swing adsorption cycle, a high surface area layered support is used for the adsorbent. The compressor and vacuum pump pistons may be integrated with the cycle, reciprocating at twice the cycle frequency. Alternative configurations of the layered adsorbent beds are disclosed.
摘要翻译： 进料气体混合物的变压吸附分离，以获得进料气体混合物较弱吸附级分的纯化产物气体在多个优选偶数个吸附剂床中进行，每个吸附剂床在其产物 直接连接到可变容积膨胀室，并在其进料端通过方向阀连接到进料压缩机和排气真空泵。 对于变频吸附循环的高频操作，吸附剂使用高表面积的层状载体。 压缩机和真空泵活塞可以与循环集成，以循环频率的两倍往复运动。 公开了层状吸附床的替代配置。
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公开(公告)号：US4973408A
公开(公告)日：1990-11-27
申请号：US314192
申请日：1989-02-23
申请人： Bowie G. Keefer
发明人： Bowie G. Keefer
CPC分类号： F04D13/043 , B01D61/06 , B01D61/10 , F04C2/3446 , F04D1/08 , F04D1/12
摘要： Apparatus and process for reverse osmosis or other pressure-driven membrane fluid separations, with a free rotor booster pump to increase the pressure of a feed fluid from an initial feed pressure to a working pressure at which perm-selective membranes separate the feed fluid into permeate and concentrate fluid fractions. The free rotor booster pump is powered solely by expansion of the concentrate fluid, thus recovering pressure energy from the concentrate fluid to amplify the pressure of the feed fluid. The free rotor booster pump is self-starting, provides desirable self-regulating characteristics to the apparatus, and simplifies the process since auxiliary valves that were required with prior art energy recovery turbines for starting procedures and running adjustments may be eliminated.
摘要翻译： 用于反渗透或其它压力驱动的膜流体分离的设备和方法，具有自由转子增压泵，以将进料流体的压力从初始进料压力增加到工作压力，在该工作压力下，使用选择性膜将进料流体分离成渗透物 并浓缩液体馏分。 自由转子增压泵仅通过浓缩流体的膨胀来提供动力，从而从浓缩液中回收压力能量以放大进料流体的压力。 自由转子增压泵是自启动的，为设备提供期望的自调节特性，并且简化了过程，因为可以消除用于启动程序和运行调整的现有技术的能量回收涡轮机所需的辅助阀。
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43.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4432876A
公开(公告)日：1984-02-21
申请号：US173456
申请日：1980-07-30
申请人： Bowie G. Keefer
发明人： Bowie G. Keefer
CPC分类号： F04B11/0091 , B01D61/06 , F04B11/0033 , F04B11/005 , B01D2313/18 , B01D2313/246
摘要： Reverse osmosis pump using a fluid volume exchange structure interconnecting pumping and expansion chambers of feed cylinder externally of feed cylinder. This structure permits exchange of volume between pumping and expansion chambers following initiation of induction or pumping stroke. Volume exchange provides a dwell interval to shift main directional valve across closed center position thereof, thus increasing tolerance to valve actuation, and also tends to equalize pressure differences across ports of the valve prior to opening of such ports, thus reducing erosion and valve gear wear. Also tends to reduce pressure differences across feed displacer, thus reducing sealing problems. Volume exchange structure can be a resilient diaphragm with no intermixing of fluid, mechanically timed valve permitting intermixing of fluid, or cross-over relief valves which are pressure responsive to permit intermixing of fluid.
摘要翻译： 反渗透泵使用流体体积交换结构，将进料筒外部的进料筒的泵送和膨胀室相互连接。 这种结构允许在启动感应或泵送冲程之后在泵送和膨胀室之间交换体积。 容积交换提供了一个停留间隔，以将主换向阀移动到其闭合中心位置，从而增加对阀致动的公差，并且还趋于在打开这些端口之前使阀的端口之间的压力差平衡，从而减少侵蚀和阀齿轮磨损 。 还倾向于减少进料置换器之间的压力差，从而减少密封问题。 体积交换结构可以是弹性隔膜，不会混合流体，机械定时阀允许流体混合，或交叉溢流阀是压力响应的，以允许流体混合。
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公开(公告)号：US4230564A
公开(公告)日：1980-10-28
申请号：US927550
申请日：1978-07-24
申请人： Bowie G. Keefer
发明人： Bowie G. Keefer
CPC分类号： B01D61/08 , B01D63/02 , B01D63/084 , B01D63/16 , B01D2315/02
摘要： Reverse osmosis or ultrafiltration apparatus having first and second rotors revolving in the same direction about a central axis. The first rotor revolves at a higher speed and has an impeller which serves as a feed pump for the feed fluid. The second rotor revolves at lower speed and has a pressure vessel containing semi-permeable membranes which selectively permeate one component of a feed fluid, and has an integral diffuser casing for the feed pump. This arrangement reduces disc friction and diffuser hydraulic losses compared to conventional centrifugal machinery with stationary casings. The membranes are arranged so that centrifuge action within the rotating membrane assembly inhibits fouling and concentration polarization by differential buoyancy effects. The impeller can be centrifugal type with an externally surrounding diffuser, or it can be in an external impeller type enclosing a pitot tube pump type diffuser. Some embodiments include a centripetal energy recovery turbine for the concentrate fluid rejected by the membranes, the turbine runner being mounted on the first rotor remote from, or integral with, the impeller. Alternatively concentrate fluid energy can be recovered by using tangentially disposed nozzles mounted on the second rotor to discharge fluid backwards. Permeate fluid energy can be recovered from permeate nozzles ejecting permeate fluid against an impulse turbine mounted on a third rotor journalled to rotate about the axis at a speed of about one-half of the speed of the second rotor.
摘要翻译： 反渗透或超滤设备具有第一和第二转子围绕中心轴在相同方向上旋转。 第一转子以更高的速度旋转并且具有用作进料流体的进料泵的叶轮。 第二转子以较低速度旋转并且具有包含选择性渗透进料流体的一个组分的半透膜的压力容器，并且具有用于进料泵的整体式扩散器壳体。 与具有固定壳体的常规离心机相比，这种布置减少了盘摩擦和扩散器的液压损失。 膜被布置成使得旋转膜组件内的离心机动作通过不同的浮力效应来抑制结垢和浓缩极化。 叶轮可以是带有外部扩散器的离心式，也可以是包围皮托管泵型扩散器的外部叶轮型。 一些实施例包括用于被膜排斥的浓缩液的向心能量回收涡轮机，涡轮流道安装在远离叶轮或与叶轮成一体的第一转子上。 或者，浓缩液能够通过使用安装在第二转子上的切向布置的喷嘴来回收来回收流体能量。 可以从渗透喷嘴的渗透喷嘴中回收渗透液，以抵靠安装在第三转子上的脉冲涡轮机，该第三转子轴颈以围绕第二转子速度的大约二分之一速度围绕该轴旋转。
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公开(公告)号：US08015808B2
公开(公告)日：2011-09-13
申请号：US11506562
申请日：2006-08-17
IPC分类号： F01B29/10
CPC分类号： F02B43/10 , F02G1/043 , F17C11/005 , H01M8/04007 , H01M8/04089 , H01M8/04119 , H01M8/0662 , Y02T10/16 , Y02T10/166 , Y02T10/32
摘要： Power plant systems and processes are described that enable recovery of at least a portion of the fuel storage energy associated with a storage system for supplying fuel to the power plant systems. A first embodiment of an energy-recovery power plant system includes at least one fuel storage container and at least one expander that can receive fuel from the fuel storage container at a first pressure and provide the fuel to the power plant at a second pressure that is lower than the first pressure. A second embodiment of an energy-recovery power plant system includes a first conduit fluidly coupling the fuel storage container and the power plant for delivering fuel from the fuel storage container to the power plant and at least one regenerative thermodynamic cycle engine thermally coupled to the first conduit such that heat may be exchanged between the fuel and a working fluid for the regenerative thermodynamic cycle engine.
摘要翻译： 描述了能够恢复与用于向发电厂系统供应燃料的存储系统相关联的燃料储存能量的至少一部分的发电厂系统和过程。 能量回收发电厂系统的第一实施例包括至少一个燃料储存容器和至少一个膨胀器，其能够在第一压力下从燃料储存容器接收燃料，并在第二压力下将燃料提供给发电厂 低于第一压力。 能量回收发电厂系统的第二实施例包括将燃料储存容器和发电厂流体耦合的第一导管，用于将燃料从燃料储存容器输送至发电厂，以及至少一个热耦合到第一 导管，使得可以在燃料和用于再生热力循环发动机的工作流体之间交换热量。
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公开(公告)号：US20100228062A1
公开(公告)日：2010-09-09
申请号：US12718533
申请日：2010-03-05
CPC分类号： C10B53/02 , B01J23/755 , C01B3/38 , C01B3/56 , C01B2203/043 , C01B2203/047 , C01B2203/0475 , C01B2203/048 , C01B2203/0495 , C01B2203/86 , C10B49/16 , C10G2/30 , C10G2300/1011 , C10G2300/4006 , C10G2300/4081 , C10G2300/42 , C10K3/02 , Y02E50/14 , Y02E50/32 , Y02P20/52 , Y02P20/582 , Y02P30/20 , Y02P30/30
摘要： The present invention provides a system and method for converting biomass into fluid hydrocarbon products to minimize the use of fossil fuels, provide energy and chemical feedstock security, and sustainable and/or carbon neutral electric power. One disclosed embodiment comprises performing fast pyrolysis on biomass to produce pygas and char using a maximum processing temperature of about 650° C. The pygas is provided to an independent reactor without the addition of an oxidizing agent for catalytically converting the pygas to hydrocarbons using a maximum processing temperature of about 650° C. The present invention also concerns a system comprising fast pyrolysis means producing a pygas and char, independent catalytic conversion means downstream of the fast pyrolysis for converting the pygas to hydrocarbons, and a hydrogen source, external to the system and/or produced by a steam reformer by steam reformation of at least a portion of the hydrocarbons, coupled to catalytic conversion means.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供了一种用于将生物质转化为流体烃产物以最小化化石燃料的使用，提供能量和化学原料安全性以及可持续和/或碳中性电力的系统和方法。 一个公开的实施方案包括在生物质上进行快速热解以使用约650℃的最大加工温度产生焦炭和焦炭。将炽热气体提供给独立的反应器，而不添加氧化剂，以将py煤催化转化为烃，使用最大值 加工温度约为650℃。本发明还涉及一种系统，其包括快速热解装置，其产生焦炭和焦炭，在用于将py煤转化为烃的快速热解下游的独立催化转化装置以及系统外部的氢源 和/或由蒸汽重整器通过与至少一部分烃的蒸汽重整产生，与催化转化装置相连。
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公开(公告)号：US20100001220A1
公开(公告)日：2010-01-07
申请号：US12496347
申请日：2009-07-01
申请人： Christopher R. McLean , Michel P. LeBlanc , Michael J. McKerrow , Bowie G. Keefer , Xiang Lu Kong , Alan O. Lebeck
发明人： Christopher R. McLean , Michel P. LeBlanc , Michael J. McKerrow , Bowie G. Keefer , Xiang Lu Kong , Alan O. Lebeck
CPC分类号： F16J15/3468 , B01D53/047 , B01D2259/40005 , F16J15/3464 , Y10T29/49405 , Y10T137/4442
摘要： A typical rotary face seal employs a seal ring rotating relative to a sealing surface and also employs means to urge the seal ring towards the sealing surface in order to effect a seal. The seal ring may itself comprise a seal face bonded to a backing ring. In certain applications, the seal face may deform significantly as a result of the temperature variations experienced and an undesirable crowning of the seal face may occur. Such crowning may be reduced by employing an improved seal ring with anti-crowning features in which the thickness of an edge of the seal face is different from that in the middle of the seal face, or in which a relief slot is employed in the seal face. The improved seal ring is particularly suited for rotary face seals used in a rotary valve in a rotary gas separation device.
摘要翻译： 典型的旋转面密封件使用相对于密封表面旋转的密封环，并且还采用将密封环推向密封表面以便实现密封的装置。 密封环本身可以包括结合到背衬环的密封面。 在某些应用中，密封面可能由于经历的温度变化而显着变形，并且可能发生不希望的密封面隆起。 通过使用具有防顶部特征的改进的密封环，密封面的厚度不同于密封面的中间的厚度，或者在密封件中使用泄压槽的情况下，可以减小这种隆起 面对。 改进的密封环特别适合用于旋转气体分离装置中的旋转阀中的旋转面密封件。
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公开(公告)号：US07387849B2
公开(公告)日：2008-06-17
申请号：US10389541
申请日：2003-03-14
CPC分类号： H01M8/0662 , H01M8/04097
摘要： The present disclosure relates to solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) exploiting gas separation devices in which a first gas mixture including components A (for example hydrogen) and B (for example carbon dioxide) is to be separated so that a first product of the separation is enriched in component A, while component B is mixed with a third gas component C (for example air, oxygen-enriched air or oxygen-depleted air) contained in a displacement purge stream to form a second gas mixture including components B and C, and with provision to prevent cross contamination of component C into the first product containing component A, or of component A into the second gas mixture containing component C. The invention may be applied to hydrogen (component A) enrichment from fuel cell anode exhaust, where dilute carbon dioxide (component B) is to be rejected such as to the atmosphere by purging with cathode exhaust oxygen-depleted air (as component C).
摘要翻译： 本公开内容涉及利用气体分离装置的固体氧化物燃料电池（SOFC），其中包含组分A（例如氢）和B（例如二氧化碳）的第一气体混合物将被分离，使得分离的第一产物 富含组分A，而组分B与包含在置换清洗流中的第三气体组分C（例如空气，富氧空气或贫氧空气）混合以形成包含组分B和C的第二气体混合物， 并且用于防止组分C交叉污染到含有组分A的第一产物或组分A中进入含有组分C的第二气体混合物中。本发明可以应用于来自燃料电池阳极排气的氢（组分A）富集，其中 稀释二氧化碳（组分B）通过用阴极排出的贫氧空气（作为组分C）进行吹扫而被排除到大气中。
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公开(公告)号：US07300905B2
公开(公告)日：2007-11-27
申请号：US10041536
申请日：2002-01-07
申请人： Bowie G. Keefer , Alain A. Carel , Brian G. Sellars , Ian S. D. Shaw , Belinda C. Larisch , David G. Dornan , Frederick K. Lee , Andrea C. Gibbs , Bernard H. Hetzler , James A. Sawada , Aaron M. Pelman , Carl F. Hunter
发明人： Bowie G. Keefer , Alain A. Carel , Brian G. Sellars , Ian S. D. Shaw , Belinda C. Larisch , David G. Dornan , Frederick K. Lee , Andrea C. Gibbs , Bernard H. Hetzler , James A. Sawada , Aaron M. Pelman , Carl F. Hunter
IPC分类号： B01J21/04
CPC分类号： B01J20/28042 , B01D53/02 , B01D53/047 , B01D53/06 , B01D2253/108 , B01D2253/342 , B01J20/183 , B01J20/186 , B01J20/28028 , B01J20/28035 , B01J20/3078 , B01J20/3204 , B01J20/3212 , B01J20/3223 , B01J20/3238 , B01J20/3297 , B05C1/00 , B05C1/0826 , B05C9/06
摘要： Using zeolites as the active adsorbent, adsorbent laminates have been fabricated with various sheet supports. These adsorbent laminates have been successfully operated for oxygen enrichment at high PSA cycle frequencies, such as upwards of at least 150 cycles per minute. Methods for making suitable adsorbent laminates are described. The methods generally involve forming a slurry comprising a liquid suspending agent, an adsorbent and a binder. Laminates are made by applying the slurry to support material or admixing support material with the slurry. The slurry can be applied to support material using a variety of techniques, including roll coaters, split roll coaters, electrophoretic deposition, etc. One method for making laminates by mixing support material with the adsorbent slurry comprises depositing the slurry onto a foraminous wire, draining the slurry material, and pressing the material to form a ceramic adsorbent paper. Spacers can be formed on adsorbent laminates to space one laminate from another. The spacer dimensions can be uniform, or can vary along a laminate, such as increasing in height from a first end to a second end of the laminate. Gas flow-through apertures also can be formed on laminates. The laminates are adjacent one another to define flow channel between adjacent bodies, whereby a portion of a gas flowing through the flow channels flows through the apertures to facilitate pressure equalization in the adsorbent structure.
摘要翻译： 使用沸石作为活性吸附剂，已经用各种片材载体制造了吸附层压材料。 这些吸附层压材料已经成功地用于在高PSA循环频率下富氧，例如每分钟至少150次循环。 描述制备合适的吸附层压材料的方法。 所述方法通常涉及形成包含液体悬浮剂，吸附剂和粘合剂的浆料。 通过将浆料施加以支撑材料或将浆料与载体材料混合来制备层压板。 浆料可以使用各种技术应用于支撑材料，包括辊涂机，分割辊涂布机，电泳沉积等。通过将支撑材料与吸附剂浆料混合制备层压板的一种方法包括将浆料沉积在多孔丝上，排出 浆料，并压制该材料以形成陶瓷吸附纸。 隔板可以在吸附剂层压板上形成，以将一个层压板与另一层压板间隔开。 间隔物尺寸可以是均匀的，或者可以沿着层压体变化，例如从层压体的第一端到第二端的高度增加。 气体流通孔也可以在层压板上形成。 层压体彼此相邻以限定相邻体之间的流动通道，由此流过流动通道的气体的一部分流过孔，以便于吸附剂结构中的压力平衡。
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公开(公告)号：US07250073B2
公开(公告)日：2007-07-31
申请号：US10884854
申请日：2004-07-02
IPC分类号： B01D53/047 , B01D53/06
CPC分类号： B01D53/0446 , B01D53/047 , B01D53/0476 , B01D53/06 , B01D2256/12 , B01D2259/40005 , C01B13/0259 , C01B2210/0046 , C01B2210/0051
摘要： Gas separation by pressure swing adsorption (PSA) and vacuum pressure swing adsorption (VPSA), to obtain a purified product gas of the less strongly adsorbed fraction of the feed gas mixture, is performed with an apparatus having a plurality of adsorbers. The adsorbers cooperate with first and second valves in a rotary PSA module, with the PSA cycle characterized by multiple intermediate pressure levels between the higher and lower pressures of the PSA cycle. Gas flows enter or exit the PSA module at the intermediate pressure levels as well as the higher and lower pressure levels, under substantially steady conditions of flow and pressure. The PSA module may comprise a rotor containing laminated sheet adsorbers and rotating within a stator, with ported valve faces between the rotor and stator to control the timing of the flows entering or exiting the adsorbers in the rotor.
摘要翻译： 用具有多个吸附器的装置进行通过变压吸附（PSA）和真空变压吸附（VPSA）的气体分离，以获得进料气体混合物的较弱吸附级分的纯化产物气体。 吸附器与旋转PSA模块中的第一和第二阀配合，PSA循环的特征在于PSA循环的较高和较低压力之间的多个中间压力水平。 在基本稳定的流量和压力条件下，气体流在中间压力水平以及较高和较低压力水平下进入或离开PSA模块。 PSA模块可以包括含有层压片材吸附器并在定子内旋转的转子，其中转子和定子之间具有带孔的阀面，以控制进入或离开转子中的吸附器的流动时间。
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