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    Determination of received signal strength in a direct conversion receiver
    42.
    发明授权
    Determination of received signal strength in a direct conversion receiver 有权
    确定直接转换接收机的接收信号强度

    公开(公告)号：US07130601B2

    公开(公告)日：2006-10-31

    申请号：US10243343

    申请日：2002-09-13

    Applicant: Shahla Khorram

    Inventor： Shahla Khorram

    IPC: H04B17/00

    CPC classification number: H04B17/318

    Abstract: Determination of a received signal strength indication in a direct conversion receiver begins by determining, at a given time, a 1st value to be the larger of the in-phase component of the received signal and the quadrature component of the received signal. The direct conversion receiver then determines a 2nd value at the given time to be the smaller of the in-phase component of the received signal and the quadrature component of the received signal. As such, at a given time, the 1st and 2nd values correspond to the greater and lesser of the in-phase component and quadrature component, respectively. Having obtained these values, the direct conversion receiver then determines the received signal strength indication based on the 1st value, the 2nd value and an offset value. The offset value provides a scaling of the RSSI value based on the range of the RSSI values.

    Abstract translation: 在直接转换接收机中确定接收的信号强度指示开始于，在给定时间，将第一个第一值作为接收信号的同相分量中的较大者和正交分量 的接收信号。 然后，直接转换接收机在给定时间确定第二个第二个值为接收信号的同相分量中的较小者和接收信号的正交分量。 这样，在给定的时间，第一和第二和第二值分别对应于同相分量和正交分量中较大和较小的值。 在获得这些值之后，直接转换接收器然后基于第一个值，第二个和第二个值和一个偏移值来确定接收到的信号强度指示。 偏移值根据RSSI值的范围提供RSSI值的缩放。

    Tuned transformer balun circuit and applications thereof
    43.
    发明授权
    Tuned transformer balun circuit and applications thereof 失效
    调谐变压器平衡 - 不平衡转换电路及其应用

    公开(公告)号：US07129803B2

    公开(公告)日：2006-10-31

    申请号：US10802015

    申请日：2004-03-16

    Applicant: Shahla Khorram ,  Qiang Li ,  Jesus Alfonso Castaneda

    Inventor： Shahla Khorram ,  Qiang Li ,  Jesus Alfonso Castaneda

    IPC: H03H7/42 ,  H03H11/28

    CPC classification number: H03H7/38 ,  H03H7/42

    Abstract: A tuned transformer balun circuit includes a transformer balun, a first tuning capacitor, a second tuning capacitor, and a third tuning capacitor. A first plate of the first tuning capacitor is operably coupled to a first node of the differential winding and a second plate of the first tuning capacitor is operably coupled to a circuit ground. A first plate of the tuning capacitor is operably coupled to a second node of the differential winding and a second plate of the second tuning capacitor is operably coupled to the circuit ground. A first plate of the third tuning capacitor is operably coupled to a first node of the single-end winding and the second plate of the third tuning capacitor is operably coupled to transceiver radio frequency signals, wherein, based on loading of the single-ended winding and the differential winding, the first, second, and third tuning capacitors resonate with the transformer balun to provide efficient energy transfer from the transmitter section to the antenna.

    Abstract translation: 调谐变压器平衡 - 不平衡转换电路包括变压器平衡 - 不平衡转换器，第一调谐电容器，第二调谐电容器和第三调谐电容器。 第一调谐电容器的第一板可操作地耦合到差动绕组的第一节点，并且第一调谐电容器的第二板可操作地耦合到电路接地。 调谐电容器的第一板可操作地耦合到差动绕组的第二节点，并且第二调谐电容器的第二板可操作地耦合到电路接地。 第三调谐电容器的第一板可操作地耦合到单端绕组的第一节点，并且第三调谐电容器的第二板可操作地耦合到收发器射频信号，其中，基于单端绕组的负载 并且差分绕组，第一，第二和第三调谐电容器与变压器平衡 - 不平衡变换器共振，以提供从发射器部分到天线的有效能量传递。

    High gain, highly linear mixer
    44.
    发明授权
    High gain, highly linear mixer 失效
    高增益，高线性搅拌机

    公开(公告)号：US07107025B2

    公开(公告)日：2006-09-12

    申请号：US10459983

    申请日：2003-06-12

    Applicant: Shahla Khorram

    Inventor： Shahla Khorram

    IPC: H04B1/04 ,  H01Q11/12

    CPC classification number: H03D7/1441 ,  H03D7/1458 ,  H03D7/1491 ,  H03D7/165 ,  H03D2200/0084

    Abstract: A high gain, highly linear mixer includes an input section, mixing section, at least one tuning component, and at least one stand by current source. The input section is operably coupled to receive an input voltage signal and perform a linear transconductance thereon to produce an input current signal. The mixing section is operably coupled to mix a local oscillation with the input current to produce a mixed current signal. The tuning component is operably coupled to the mixing section and to convert the mixed current signal into a mixed voltage signal that function as the output of the mixer. The standby current source is operably coupled to the mixing section and provides a standby current to the mixing section.

    Abstract translation: 高增益高线性混频器包括输入部分，混合部分，至少一个调谐部件以及至少一个电流源。 输入部分可操作地耦合以接收输入电压信号并在其上执行线性跨导以产生输入电流信号。 混合部分可操作地耦合以将本地振荡与输入电流混合以产生混合电流信号。 调谐部件可操作地耦合到混合部分，并将混合电流信号转换成混合电压信号，其作为混频器的输出。 备用电流源可操作地耦合到混合部分并且向混合部分提供待机电流。

    High output power radio frequency integrated circuit
    45.
    发明授权
    High output power radio frequency integrated circuit 有权
    高输出功率射频集成电路

    公开(公告)号：US07092681B2

    公开(公告)日：2006-08-15

    申请号：US10305646

    申请日：2002-11-27

    Applicant: Ahmadreza (Reza) Rofougaran ,  Shahla Khorram

    Inventor： Ahmadreza (Reza) Rofougaran ,  Shahla Khorram

    IPC: H04B1/04

    CPC classification number: H04B1/0483 ,  H03F3/45188 ,  H04B1/30 ,  H04B1/406

    Abstract: A high output power radio frequency integrated circuit includes an up conversion module, a plurality of drivers and a plurality of integrated circuit pads. The up conversion module is operably coupled to convert a low intermediate frequency (IF) signal into a radio frequency (RF) signal. The plurality of drivers are operably coupled to receive the RF signal and to produce separate RF drive signals therefrom. The plurality of integrated circuit pads are coupled to the plurality of drivers to provide the separate RF drive signals to external components of the RFIC.

    Abstract translation: 高输出功率射频集成电路包括上变频模块，多个驱动器和多个集成电路焊盘。 上转换模块可操作地耦合以将低中频（IF）信号转换成射频（RF）信号。 多个驱动器可操作地耦合以接收RF信号并从其产生单独的RF驱动信号。 多个集成电路焊盘耦合到多个驱动器以向RFIC的外部部件提供单独的RF驱动信号。

    Programmable mutlistage amplifier and radio applications thereof
    46.
    发明授权
    Programmable mutlistage amplifier and radio applications thereof 失效
    可编程的mutlistage放大器及其无线电应用

    公开(公告)号：US07079818B2

    公开(公告)日：2006-07-18

    申请号：US10074572

    申请日：2002-02-12

    Applicant: Shahla Khorram

    Inventor： Shahla Khorram

    IPC: H04B17/00 ,  H04B1/04 ,  G01R19/00 ,  H03F1/24

    CPC classification number: H03F1/3211 ,  H03F3/72 ,  H04B1/406

    Abstract: A programmable multi-stage amplifier includes a 1st programmable amplifier, a 2nd programmable amplifier, and a control module. The 1st and 2nd programmable amplifiers are coupled in series to amplify an input signal. Each of the 1st and 2nd programmable amplifiers is operably coupled to receive independent gain control signals from the control module. The control module generates the gain control signals by determining the overall gain desired for the programmable multi-stage amplifier and a corresponding gain for each of the 1st and 2nd programmable amplifiers. The factors in which the control module makes this determination are based on an optimization of at least one of the power level of the programmable multi-stage amplifier, the noise factor for the programmable multi-stage amplifier, and/or linearity of the programmable multi-stage amplifier.

    Abstract translation: 一个可编程多级放大器包括一个可编程可编程放大器，一个第二个可编程放大器和一个控制模块。 第一和第二和第二和/或可编程放大器串联耦合以放大输入信号。 第一和第二和/或可编程放大器中的每一个可操作地耦合以从控制模块接收独立的增益控制信号。 控制模块通过确定可编程多级放大器所需的总体增益和第一和第二和第二可编程放大器中的每一个的相应增益来产生增益控制信号 。 控制模块进行该确定的因素是基于可编程多级放大器的功率电平，可编程多级放大器的噪声系数和/或可编程多级放大器的线性度中的至少一个的优化 级放大器

    Tunable transceiver front end
    47.
    发明申请
    Tunable transceiver front end 有权
    可调收发器前端

    公开(公告)号：US20050208901A1

    公开(公告)日：2005-09-22

    申请号：US10852470

    申请日：2004-05-24

    Applicant: Janice Chiu ,  Shahla Khorram ,  Qiang (Tom) Li

    Inventor： Janice Chiu ,  Shahla Khorram ,  Qiang (Tom) Li

    IPC: H03H7/42 ,  H03H9/00 ,  H04B1/38 ,  H04B1/44

    CPC classification number: H04B1/18 ,  H03H7/38 ,  H03H7/42

    Abstract: A transceiver front end includes a transmit/receive (T/R) switch, a first balun, a second balun, a low noise amplifier, a power amplifier, and compensation circuitry. The T/R switch is operably coupled to an antenna for receiving inbound radio frequency (RF) signals and for transmitting outbound RF signals. The first balun includes a single ended winding and a differential winding, where the single ended winding is operably coupled to the T/R switch. The second balun includes a single ended winding and a differential winding, where the single ended winding is operably coupled to the T/R switch. The low noise amplifier is operably coupled the differential winding of the first balun. The power amplifier is operably coupled to the differential winding of the second balun. The compensation circuitry is operably coupled to the first balun to compensate for at least one of phase imbalance, amplitude imbalance, and impedance imbalance of the first balun.

    Abstract translation: 收发器前端包括发射/接收（T / R）开关，第一平衡 - 不平衡转换器，第二平衡 - 不平衡转换器，低噪声放大器，功率放大器和补偿电路。 T / R开关可操作地耦合到天线，用于接收入站射频（RF）信号和用于发送出站RF信号。 第一个平衡 - 不平衡变压器包括单端绕组和差动绕组，其中单端绕组可操作地耦合到T / R开关。 第二平衡 - 不平衡变压器包括单端绕组和差动绕组，其中单端绕组可操作地耦合到T / R开关。 低噪声放大器可操作地耦合第一平衡 - 不平衡变换器的差动绕组。 功率放大器可操作地耦合到第二巴伦的差动绕组。 补偿电路可操作地耦合到第一平衡 - 不平衡变换器，以补偿第一平衡 - 不平衡变换器的相位不平衡，幅度不平衡和阻抗不平衡中的至少一个。

    Direct tuning of embedded integrated circuit components
    49.
    发明授权
    Direct tuning of embedded integrated circuit components 失效
    直接调谐嵌入式集成电路元件

    公开(公告)号：US06915114B2

    公开(公告)日：2005-07-05

    申请号：US10140523

    申请日：2002-05-07

    Applicant: Shahla Khorram

    Inventor： Shahla Khorram

    IPC: H03J3/08 ,  H04B17/00

    CPC classification number: H03J3/08

    Abstract: A method and apparatus for direct tuning of a component embedded within an integrated circuit includes processing that begins by providing a plurality of frequency dependent control input signals to an input of the integrated circuit. The processing continues for each of the plurality of frequency dependent control input signals by incrementally adjusting the power level of each frequency dependent controlled input signal until the signal strength of an output of the integrated circuit is at a desired signal strength level. The corresponding power level is recorded to produce an adjusted power level for the frequency dependent control input signal. The adjusted power level of each of the plurality of frequency dependent control input signals is plotted to produce a signal strength to frequency relationship. The processing continues by comparing the signal strength to frequency relationship with a desired signal strength to frequency relationship. The process then continues by tuning the component such that the signal strength to frequency relationship more closely resembles the desired signal strength to frequency relationship when the comparison was unfavorable.

    Abstract translation: 用于直接调谐嵌入在集成电路内的部件的方法和装置包括通过向集成电路的输入提供多个与频率相关的控制输入信号开始的处理。 通过逐渐调整每个依赖于频率的受控输入信号的功率电平，直到集成电路的输出的信号强度处于期望的信号强度水平，对于多个频率相关的控制输入信号中的每一个继续处理。 记录相应的功率电平以产生用于频率相关控制输入信号的调整功率电平。 绘制多个频率相关控制输入信号中的每一个的经调整的功率电平以产生信号强度与频率关系。 通过将信号强度与频率关系与期望的信号强度与频率关系进行比较来继续处理。 然后，该过程通过调谐组件继续，使得当比较不利时，信号强度与频率关系更接近于期望的信号强度与频率关系。

    Method and apparatus for frequency shift-keying demodulation and applications thereof
    50.
    发明授权
    Method and apparatus for frequency shift-keying demodulation and applications thereof 有权
    用于频移键控解调的方法和装置及其应用

    公开(公告)号：US06762642B2

    公开(公告)日：2004-07-13

    申请号：US10395569

    申请日：2003-03-24

    Applicant: Shahla Khorram

    Inventor： Shahla Khorram

    IPC: H03D300

    CPC classification number: H04L27/1525

    Abstract: A method and apparatus for frequency shift-keying (FSK) demodulation includes processing that begins by generating a charge signal, a data acquisition signal, and a reset signal from an I component and a Q component of an FSK modulated signal. The processing continues by generating a delta frequency signal based on the charge signal, the data acquisition signal, and the reset signal. The delta frequency signal is representative of the frequency difference used within the FSK modulation to indicate a logic 1 and a logic 0. The processing then continues by demodulating the delta frequency signal to recapture a stream of data.

    Abstract translation: 用于频移键控（FSK）解调的方法和装置包括通过从FSK调制信号的I分量和Q分量产生充电信号，数据获取信号和复位信号开始的处理。 该处理通过基于充电信号，数据获取信号和复位信号产生增量频率信号来继续。 Δ频率信号表示在FSK调制中用于指示逻辑1和逻辑0的频率差。然后通过解调增量频率信号以重新获取数据流来继续处理。

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