Abstract:
A nano-resonating structure constructed and adapted to include additional ultra-small structures that can be formed with reflective surfaces. By positioning such ultra-small structures adjacent ultra-small resonant structures the light or other EMR being produced by the ultra-small resonant structures when excited can be reflected in multiple directions. This permits the light or EMR out put to be viewed and used in multiple directions.
Abstract:
A device includes first and second chips, each chip containing at least one electronic circuit. The second chip has one or more receivers. A deflection mechanism operationally connected to an electronic circuit of the first chip directs a charged particle beam to different ones of the receivers, based, at least in part, on a data signal provided by the electronic circuit.
Abstract:
An electronic receiver for decoding data encoded into electromagnetic radiation (e.g., light) is described. The light is received at an ultra-small resonant structure. The resonant structure generates an electric field in response to the incident light and light received from a local oscillator. An electron beam passing near the resonant structure is altered on at least one characteristic as a result of the electric field. Data is encoded into the light by a characteristic that is seen in the electric field during resonance and therefore in the electron beam as it passes the electric field. Alterations in the electron beam are thus correlated to data values encoded into the light.
Abstract:
A charged particle beam including charged particles (e.g., electrons) is generated from a charged particle source (e.g., a cathode or scanning electron beam). As the beam is projected, it passes between plural alternating electric fields. The attraction of the charged particles to their oppositely charged fields accelerates the charged particles, thereby increasing their velocities in the corresponding (positive or negative) direction. The charged particles therefore follow an oscillating trajectory. When the electric fields are selected to produce oscillating trajectories having the same (or nearly the same) as a multiple of the frequency of the emitted x-rays, the resulting photons can be made to constructively interfere with each other to produce a coherent x-ray source.
Abstract:
A system in a package (SIP) or multi-chip module (200, 300, 400) (MCM) uses an electron beam (235, 335, 435) for electrically coupling between microcircuits (230, 330, 430) and (232, 332, 432). In one embodiment, the micro-circuits (230, 430) and (232, 432) can be configured in a side-by-side configuration. In another embodiment, the micro-circuits (330) and (332) can be configured in a chip-on-chip configuration. In yet another embodiment, the electron beam (435) can include a plurality of electron beams (436) and appear as ribbon shaped between two micro-circuits (430, 432). Further, the fabrication to form the electron source (234, 334, 434) and the deflector (261, 356, 461) can be at the final metallization step of the process.
Abstract:
A device for testing a light-emitting resonant structure on a wafer includes a vacuum chamber for holding the resonant structure; a source of charged particles; a electromagnetic radiation detector; a positioning mechanism constructed and adapted control the position of the wafer within the vacuum chamber; and a controller operatively connected to said source of electrons and to said detector and to said positioning mechanism. A voltage source may be provided.
Abstract:
A display of wavelength elements can be produced from resonant structures that emit light (and other electromagnetic radiation having a dominant frequency higher than that of microwave) when exposed to a beam of charged particles, such as electrons from an electron beam. An exemplary display with three wavelengths per pixel utilizes three resonant structures per pixel. The spacings and lengths of the fingers of the resonant structures control the light emitted from the wavelength elements. Alternatively, multiple resonant structures per wavelength can be used as well.
Abstract:
We describe a process to produce ultra-small structures of between ones of nanometers to hundreds of micrometers in size, in which the structures are compact, nonporous and exhibit smooth vertical surfaces. Such processing is accomplished with pulsed electroplating techniques using ultra-short pulses in a controlled and predictable manner.
Abstract:
We describe a new method for etching patterns in silver, copper, or gold, or other plate metal thin films. A pattern of a hard mask is placed onto the surface of the thin film, followed by a step of reactive ion etching using a plasma formed using a gas feed of some combination of some amounts of methane (CH4) and hydrogen (H2), and some or no amount of Argon (Ar). The areas of silver, copper or gold not covered by the hard mask are etched while the hard mask protects those areas that will form the raised portions of thin film in the final structure.
Abstract translation:我们描述了一种蚀刻银,铜或金或其他板金属薄膜图案的新方法。 将硬掩模的图案放置在薄膜的表面上,然后使用使用一些组合的一些量的甲烷(CH 3 SO 4)的气体进料形成的等离子体进行反应离子蚀刻的步骤 )和氢(H 2 H 2),以及一些或不含氩量(Ar)。 蚀刻没有被硬掩模覆盖的银,铜或金的区域,而硬掩模保护在最终结构中将形成薄膜的凸起部分的那些区域。
Abstract:
A device (100) includes a substrate (2) having a surface (4). A plurality of nano-resonate structures (8) is disposed in rows (12) and columns (14) on the surface (4). A generally two-dimensional charged particle beam (10) passes over at least a portion of the plurality of nano-resonant structures (8) and at a particular height above the surface. At least a portion of the plurality of nano-resonant structures (8) interact in response to the generally two-dimensional charged particle beam (10) and generate electromagnetic energy (16).