公开(公告)号：US07542142B2

公开(公告)日：2009-06-02

申请号：US11457642

申请日：2006-07-14

申请人： Xu Wu ,  Elizabeth B. Dussan V ,  Oliver C. Mullins

发明人： Xu Wu ,  Elizabeth B. Dussan V ,  Oliver C. Mullins

IPC分类号： G01N21/00 ,  G01N21/55 ,  G01N15/06 ,  G01N21/49 ,  G01N21/85 ,  G01V5/00 ,  G01V5/04 ,  G02B6/00 ,  G02B6/26 ,  G02B6/42

CPC分类号： G02B6/4246 ,  G01F1/7086 ,  G01N21/552 ,  G01N21/64 ,  G01N21/85 ,  G02B6/4298

摘要： Several optical probes useful in downhole applications are provided. A first probe has a tip in the form of a cubical corner with the diagonal of the cubical corner aligned with the axis of the probe. A second probe has a tip formed in a 45° cone. In these designs, light will bounce respectively three times or twice, but still retain the same orientation. To facilitate drainage, the very tip of the probe may be rounded. Both designs also provide a probe with a large numerical aperture and both are useful for detecting reflectance and the holdup of a multiphase fluid. A third probe uses (hemi)spherical or paraboloid probe tip. The third probe tip has a small numerical aperture and is useful for detecting fluorescence and oil velocity. In all three embodiments, the base behind the probe tip may be tapered to facilitate fluid drainage.

公开(公告)号：US07500388B2

公开(公告)日：2009-03-10

申请号：US11304296

申请日：2005-12-15

申请人： Go Fujisawa ,  Oliver C. Mullins ,  Peter David Wraight ,  Joel Lee Groves ,  Lennox Reid ,  Felix Chen ,  Gary Corris ,  Yi-Qiao Song

发明人： Go Fujisawa ,  Oliver C. Mullins ,  Peter David Wraight ,  Joel Lee Groves ,  Lennox Reid ,  Felix Chen ,  Gary Corris ,  Yi-Qiao Song

IPC分类号： E21B49/00

CPC分类号： E21B49/06

摘要： A wireline-conveyed side-wall core coring tool for acquiring side-wall core from a geological formation for performing in-situ side-wall core analysis. The coring tool has a core analysis unit operable to measure geophysical properties of an acquired side-wall core. The measured geophysical properties may be used to determine the success of the acquisition of side-wall cores by the coring tool. The core analysis unit is operable of performing an in-situ interpretation of measured geophysical property of the side-wall core and transmitting in near real-time the measurements or the interpretation results to surface data acquisition and processing apparatus.

摘要翻译： 一种有线输送的侧壁芯取芯工具，用于从地质层获取侧壁芯，用于进行原位侧壁芯分析。 取芯工具具有可用于测量获得的侧壁芯的地球物理性质的核心分析单元。 测量的地球物理性质可用于确定取芯工具对侧壁岩芯的获取成功。 核心分析单元可操作地对侧壁核心的测量的地球物理特性进行现场解释，并将测量或解释结果近似实时传输到地面数据采集和处理设备。

公开(公告)号：US20090039255A1

公开(公告)日：2009-02-12

申请号：US12188141

申请日：2008-08-07

申请人： Albert Ballard Andrews ,  Wei-Chuan Shih ,  Matthew Clayton ,  Oliver C. Mullins

发明人： Albert Ballard Andrews ,  Wei-Chuan Shih ,  Matthew Clayton ,  Oliver C. Mullins

IPC分类号： G01N21/62

CPC分类号： G01V8/02 ,  G01N21/35 ,  G01N21/3563 ,  G01N21/3577 ,  G01N21/3581 ,  G01N33/1833 ,  G01N2021/1793 ,  G01N2201/0616 ,  Y02A20/206

摘要： The invention relates to a method for detecting the presence of hydrocarbons near an unmanned offshore oil platform. The method steps include monitoring reflected atmospheric and thermal radiation, detecting the presence of hydrocarbons, and generating an alert based on the presence of hydrocarbons.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种用于检测无人值守海上石油平台附近碳氢化合物存在的方法。 方法步骤包括监测反射的大气和热辐射，检测烃的存在，以及基于烃的存在产生警报。

公开(公告)号：US07215416B2

公开(公告)日：2007-05-08

申请号：US11450327

申请日：2006-06-12

申请人： Tsutomu Yamate ,  Robert J. Schroeder ,  Rogerio T. Ramos ,  Oliver C. Mullins

发明人： Tsutomu Yamate ,  Robert J. Schroeder ,  Rogerio T. Ramos ,  Oliver C. Mullins

IPC分类号： G01N21/00

CPC分类号： G01K11/32 ,  G01D5/35364 ,  G01K11/3206 ,  G01K15/00 ,  G01K15/002

摘要： Methods for calibrating and making measurements using fiber optic sensors are disclosed using backscattered wavelengths and independent sensors. The disclosure sets outs methods applicable with fiber optic sensors either in a deployed in a loop and in a linear configuration and useful for measurements including temperature.

摘要翻译： 使用背向散射波长和独立传感器公开了使用光纤传感器进行校准和测量的方法。 本公开提出了适用于光纤传感器的方法，其部署在环路中并且以线性配置，并且可用于包括温度的测量。

公开(公告)号：US07002142B2

公开(公告)日：2006-02-21

申请号：US10309850

申请日：2002-12-03

申请人： Oliver C. Mullins ,  Go Fujisawa ,  Chengli Dong ,  Andrew Kurkjian ,  John Nighswander ,  Toru Terabayashi ,  Satoko Yoshida ,  Hideki Kinjo ,  Henning Groenzin

发明人： Oliver C. Mullins ,  Go Fujisawa ,  Chengli Dong ,  Andrew Kurkjian ,  John Nighswander ,  Toru Terabayashi ,  Satoko Yoshida ,  Hideki Kinjo ,  Henning Groenzin

IPC分类号： G01V8/00

CPC分类号： E21B49/084 ,  E21B47/1015 ,  E21B49/005 ,  E21B49/10 ,  G01N21/64 ,  G01N33/241 ,  G01N33/2823

摘要： A method and apparatus detects dew precipitation and determines dew precipitation onset pressure in a sample of formation fluid located downhole in an oilfield reservoir. In a preferred embodiment, the method includes (a) isolating a sample of formation fluid downhole; (b) illuminating the sample downhole with fluorescence excitation light; (c) measuring at least one characteristic of fluorescence short from the sample; (d) reducing pressure on the sample; (e) repeating steps (b) to (d); (f) detecting dew precipitation when a change is detected in a parameter that is a function of the at least one characteristic of fluorescence emission; and (g) setting dew precipitation onset pressure equal to pressure on the sample when the change in the parameter is detected. The parameter preferably is a function of fluorescence intensity and fluorescence red shift, and the change is an increase in fluorescence intensity and detection of fluorescence red shift. Also, the function includes a ratio of a measured intensity at a first wavelength to a reference intensity, and the reference intensity is a function of a measured intensity at a second wavelength.

摘要翻译： 方法和装置检测露点沉淀，并确定位于油田储层中井下的地层流体样品中的露水沉淀开始压力。 在一个优选实施例中，该方法包括（a）在井下分离地层流体样品; （b）用荧光激发光照射井下样品; （c）从所述样品测量至少一种荧光短的特征; （d）降低样品压力; （e）重复步骤（b）至（d）; （f）当在作为荧光发射的至少一个特征的函数的参数中检测到变化时，检测露水沉淀; 和（g）当检测到参数变化时，将露珠沉淀开始压力设定为等于样品上的压力。 该参数优选是荧光强度和荧光红移的函数，并且荧光强度的变化和荧光红移的检测变化。 此外，该功能包括第一波长处的测量强度与参考强度的比率，并且参考强度是第二波长处的测量强度的函数。

公开(公告)号：US06956204B2

公开(公告)日：2005-10-18

申请号：US10249274

申请日：2003-03-27

申请人： Chengli Dong ,  Peter S. Hageman ,  Oliver C. Mullins ,  Go Fujisawa ,  Soraya S. Betancourt ,  Julian Pop ,  Andrew L. Kurkjian ,  Toru Terabayashi ,  Hani M. Elshahawi

发明人： Chengli Dong ,  Peter S. Hageman ,  Oliver C. Mullins ,  Go Fujisawa ,  Soraya S. Betancourt ,  Julian Pop ,  Andrew L. Kurkjian ,  Toru Terabayashi ,  Hani M. Elshahawi

IPC分类号： E21B47/10 ,  G01N21/35 ,  G01N21/53 ,  G01N33/28 ,  G01V5/00

CPC分类号： G01N21/359 ,  E21B47/10 ,  E21B47/102 ,  G01N21/3504 ,  G01N21/3577 ,  G01N33/2823

摘要： A method for determining properties of a formation fluid including obtaining data related to an optical density at a methane peak and an optical density at an oil peak for a fluid sample at a plurality of times, calculating an apparent gas-oil-ratio of the sample fluid from the optical density of the fluid sample at the methane peak to the optical density of the fluid sample at the oil peak at each of the plurality of times based on the data, selecting a power function of a sampling parameter for a buildup of the apparent gas-oil-ratio, calculating an exponential constant of the power function based on the data, and determining at least one selected from the group consisting of a contamination free gas-oil-ratio and a percent contamination.

摘要翻译： 一种用于确定地层流体性质的方法，包括获得与多个次数相关的甲烷峰值的光密度和油峰值处的光密度相关的数据，计算样品的表观瓦斯油比 基于数据，在多个时间点从甲烷峰值处的流体样品的光密度到处于油峰处的液体样品的光密度的流体，选择用于积累的样品的取样参数的功率函数 基于该数据计算功率函数的指数常数，并且确定从由无污染的瓦斯油比和污染百分比组成的组中选择的至少一个。

公开(公告)号：US06476384B1

公开(公告)日：2002-11-05

申请号：US09686646

申请日：2000-10-10

申请人： Oliver C. Mullins ,  Toru Terabayashi ,  Kazuyoshi Kegasawa ,  Ikko Okuda

发明人： Oliver C. Mullins ,  Toru Terabayashi ,  Kazuyoshi Kegasawa ,  Ikko Okuda

IPC分类号： G01V800

CPC分类号： G01N33/241 ,  E21B49/10 ,  G01N21/3504 ,  G01N21/3577 ,  G01N21/359 ,  G01N33/2823

摘要： A method of determining GOR comprising subjecting a fluid to spectroscopic analysis at a first wavelength sensitive to gas and a second wavelength sensitive to oil, determining a response matrix for the contribution of gas at the first and second wavelengths and the contribution of oil at the first and second wavelengths, determining a signal response vector and the two wavelengths, calculating a mass fraction vector from the response matrix and the signal response vector and using the mass fraction vector to determine GOR.

摘要翻译： 一种确定GOR的方法，包括使流体以对气体敏感的第一波长和对油敏感的第二波长进行光谱分析，确定在第一和第二波长处的气体的贡献的响应矩阵，以及在第一 和第二波长，确定信号响应向量和两个波长，从响应矩阵和信号响应向量计算质量分数向量，并使用质量分数向量来确定GOR。

公开(公告)号：US06474152B1

公开(公告)日：2002-11-05

申请号：US09704630

申请日：2000-11-02

申请人： Oliver C. Mullins ,  Andrew Kurkjian ,  Robin McGowan ,  Thomas Distefano ,  Ian Traboulay

发明人： Oliver C. Mullins ,  Andrew Kurkjian ,  Robin McGowan ,  Thomas Distefano ,  Ian Traboulay

IPC分类号： E21B4700

CPC分类号： G01N21/359 ,  G01N21/3504 ,  G01N21/3577 ,  G01N2021/3536

摘要： The compressibility of a formation hydrocarbon sample is determined downhole by using a borehole tool to obtain the sample downhole, and, at two different pressures, subjecting the sample to near infrared illumination and conducting spectral absorption measurement of peaks at and/or around about 6,000 cm−1 and/or at and/or about 5,800 cm−1 (the absorption peaks of methane and crude oil respectively). The compressibility of the sample is determined from the change in the peak areas, the change in pressure, and the measured peak area itself. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the pressure is changed at least 2000 pounds per square inch (psi), and preferably 4000 or more psi between measurements.

摘要翻译： 通过使用钻孔工具在井下获得地层烃样品的压缩性，在井下获得样品，并且在两个不同的压力下，对样品进行近红外照明并进行和/或约约6000cm处的峰的光谱吸收测量 -1和/或在和/或约5,800cm -1（分别为甲烷和原油的吸收峰）。 样品的压缩性由峰面积的变化，压力的变化和测量的峰面积本身确定。 根据本发明的优选实施例，在测量之间，压力改变为至少2000磅/平方英寸（psi），并且优选地改变为4000或更大的psi。

公开(公告)号：US5939717A

公开(公告)日：1999-08-17

申请号：US15812

申请日：1998-01-29

申请人： Oliver C. Mullins

发明人： Oliver C. Mullins

IPC分类号： G01N21/35 ,  G01N33/24 ,  G01N33/28 ,  G01N8/12

CPC分类号： G01N33/2823 ,  G01N21/3504 ,  G01N21/3577 ,  G01N21/359 ,  G01N33/241

摘要： Methods according to the invention include providing an OFA tool which subjects formation fluids to NIR illumination and which provides a spectral measurement of peaks at about 6,000 cm.sup.-1 and about 5,800 cm.sup.-1. The methods according to the invention also include calculating a ratio of the amplitudes of the absorption peaks to determine GOR. According to an alternate embodiment, the methods of calculating the ratio include referring to a database of spectra of hydrocarbons found in formation fluid and adjusting the amplitudes of the methane and oil peaks to account for the influences of other hydrocarbons on the spectrum of the formation fluid. A borehole apparatus for measuring the spectral peaks of oil and methane includes a testing region, a conduit for directing formation fluid into the testing region, a light source emitting at least near infrared rays into the testing region, a spectral detector optically coupled to the testing region, and a processor coupled to the spectral detector. The testing region is a transparent tube or chamber which is located between the light source and the spectral detector such that light directed from the light source to the spectral detector is interrupted by formation fluid. The spectral detector is preferably a filter spectrograph which measures the spectrum of the light which has been transmitted through the formation fluid in the testing region.

摘要翻译： 根据本发明的方法包括提供OFA工具，其将地层流体照射到近红外照明，并提供在约6,000cm -1和约5800cm -1处的峰的光谱测量。 根据本发明的方法还包括计算吸收峰的幅度的比率以确定GOR。 根据替代实施例，计算比率的方法包括参考在地层流体中发现的烃的光谱数据库，并调整甲烷和油峰的振幅，以解释其他烃对地层流体光谱的影响 。 用于测量油和甲烷的光谱峰值的钻孔装置包括测试区域，用于将地层流体引导到测试区域中的导管，至少将近红外线射入测试区域的光源，光学耦合到测试 以及耦合到光谱检测器的处理器。 测试区域是位于光源和光谱检测器之间的透明管或室，使得从光源引导到光谱检测器的光被地层流体中断。 光谱检测器优选地是测量已经透过测试区域中的地层流体的光的光谱的滤光器光谱仪。

公开(公告)号：US5331156A

公开(公告)日：1994-07-19

申请号：US15708

申请日：1993-02-09

申请人： Daniel R. Hines ,  Noboru Wada ,  Stephen Garoff ,  Oliver C. Mullins ,  Paul Hammond ,  Jeffrey Tarvin ,  Stephen P. Cramer ,  Ralphe Wiggins

发明人： Daniel R. Hines ,  Noboru Wada ,  Stephen Garoff ,  Oliver C. Mullins ,  Paul Hammond ,  Jeffrey Tarvin ,  Stephen P. Cramer ,  Ralphe Wiggins

IPC分类号： G01N21/35 ,  G01N33/28 ,  G01F5/00 ,  G01F1/74

CPC分类号： G01N21/359 ,  G01N21/3577 ,  G01N33/2823

摘要： Methods for quantifying the oil and water fractions of a fluid stream. A first method broadly includes making optical density (OD) measurements of the fluid stream by detecting photons of a first predetermined energy where the oil and water absorption characteristics are substantially identical (e.g., 1710 nm wavelength), and determining the oil and water fractions f.sub.o and f.sub.w according to OD.perspectiveto.f.sub.w .alpha..sub.w l+f.sub.o .alpha..sub.o l where .alpha..sub.w and .alpha..sub.o are related to the absorption coefficients of the oil and water at the predetermined energy, l is the path width of the fluid stream, and f.sub.w +f.sub.o =1. A second method which eliminates scattering effects utilizes the photons at the first predetermined energy and further utilizes photons of a second predetermined energy which is sufficiently close to the first predetermined energy such that the oil fraction is a linear function of the OD over the energy range. The oil and water fractions are then determined from the difference in optical density values (.DELTA.OD) according to .DELTA.OD=f.sub.o [(OD.sub.o,a -OD.sub.o,b)- (OD.sub.w,a -OD.sub.w,b)]+(OD.sub.w,a -OD.sub.w,b), where OD.sub.o,a, OD.sub.o,b, OD.sub.w,a, and OD.sub.w,b are the optical densities per unit length of pure oil (o) and pure water (w) at the first (a) and second (b) wavelengths.

摘要翻译： 用于量化流体流的油和水分数的方法。 第一种方法广泛地包括通过检测第一预定能量的光子来测量流体流的光密度（OD），其中油和水吸收特性基本相同（例如，1710nm波长），并且确定油和水分数fo 和fw根据OD＆persp＆fw alpha wl + fo alpha ol，其中αw和αo与预定能量下的油和水的吸收系数相关，l是流体流的路径宽度，fw + fo = 1。 消除散射效应的第二种方法利用第一预定能量的光子，并进一步利用足够接近于第一预定能量的第二预定能量的光子，使得油分数在能量范围内是OD的线性函数。 然后根据DELTA OD = fo [（ODo，a-ODo，b） - （ODw，a-ODw，b）] +（ODw，a-ODw，b） - 的光密度值（DELTA OD） a-ODw，b），其中ODo，a，ODo，b，ODw，a和ODw，b是在第一（a）处纯油（o）和纯水（w）的每单位长度的光密度， 第二（b）波长。