公开(公告)号：US07034519B2

公开(公告)日：2006-04-25

申请号：US10753775

申请日：2004-01-08

申请人： David W. Abraham ,  Daniel Worledge

发明人： David W. Abraham ,  Daniel Worledge

IPC分类号： G01R31/02

CPC分类号： G01R31/2648 ,  G01R27/14

摘要： An improved method and apparatus for determining a property based upon at least two measurements uses simultaneous probe signals having two different frequencies. The probe signals are produced simultaneously such that the position of the probes is identical when the probe signals are produced. The responses to the two probe signals have frequencies that correspond to the probe signals. The individual responses are isolated from each other based upon their differing frequencies by frequency lock-in circuits. By performing the measurements simultaneously, positional errors that are introduced due to small changes that occur in the position of the probes if the measurements are taken sequentially are eliminated.

摘要翻译： 用于基于至少两个测量来确定属性的改进的方法和装置使用具有两个不同频率的同时探测信号。 探头信号同时产生，使得当产生探针信号时探针的位置相同。 对两个探测信号的响应具有对应于探测信号的频率。 各个响应基于频率锁定电路的不同频率彼此隔离。 通过同时进行测量，消除了如果依次进行测量，则由于在探针的位置上发生的小的变化引入的位置误差。

公开(公告)号：US06711466B2

公开(公告)日：2004-03-23

申请号：US10042917

申请日：2002-01-07

申请人： David W. Abraham ,  Richard A. John ,  Robert J. von Gutfeld

发明人： David W. Abraham ,  Richard A. John ,  Robert J. von Gutfeld

IPC分类号： G06F1700

CPC分类号： B05B12/124 ,  B05C11/10 ,  B05C11/1018 ,  H01L21/6715 ,  H01L21/67253

摘要： A system and method for maintaining a dispensing system a desired distance between a dispenser and a surface is shown. The system includes a light-emitting device, connected to the dispenser, that emits light in the direction of the surface. The emitted light is reflected off of the surface as well as a mirror connected to the dispenser. Subsequently, all reflected light is received by a sensor. Using the sensor data, a computer calculates the distance between the dispenser and the surface. A servo device then adjusts the location of the dispenser, in accordance with the calculated distance, in order to maintain the desired distance between the dispenser and the surface. One advantage of the system and method is the increased ability to maintain a desired distance between the dispenser and the surface. This can lead to increased and higher quality production by a dispensing system.

摘要翻译： 示出了用于将分配系统维持在分配器和表面之间所需距离的系统和方法。 该系统包括连接到分配器的发光装置，其在表面的方向上发光。 发射的光被从表面反射，以及连接到分配器的反射镜。 随后，所有反射光被传感器接收。 使用传感器数据，计算机计算分配器和表面之间的距离。 伺服装置然后根据计算的距离来调节分配器的位置，以便保持分配器和表面之间的期望距离。 该系统和方法的一个优点是提高了在分配器和表面之间保持期望距离的能力。 这可以通过分配系统导致越来越高的质量生产。

公开(公告)号：US06667897B1

公开(公告)日：2003-12-23

申请号：US10185659

申请日：2002-06-28

申请人： David W. Abraham ,  Philip L. Trouilloud

发明人： David W. Abraham ,  Philip L. Trouilloud

IPC分类号： G11C1122

CPC分类号： H01L43/08 ,  G11C11/161 ,  H01L27/222

摘要： A magnetic tunnel junction device is provided that includes a free layer and a pinned layer separated by a barrier layer. According to the invention, the free layer includes a ferrimagnetic layer and an anti-parallel layer having a magnetic moment that is substantially anti-parallel to a magnetic moment of the ferrimagnetic layer at least within a predetermined temperature range of the magnetic tunnel junction device. A memory array that includes such a magnetic tunnel junction is also provided.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种磁性隧道结装置，其包括由阻挡层分隔的自由层和钉扎层。 根据本发明，自由层包括铁磁性层和抗平行层，其具有至少在磁性隧道结装置的预定温度范围内基本上与铁氧体层的磁矩平行的磁矩。 还提供了包括这种磁性隧道结的存储器阵列。

公开(公告)号：US5263776A

公开(公告)日：1993-11-23

申请号：US951280

申请日：1992-09-25

申请人： David W. Abraham ,  William M. Holber ,  Joseph S. Logan ,  Hemantha K. Wickramasinghe

发明人： David W. Abraham ,  William M. Holber ,  Joseph S. Logan ,  Hemantha K. Wickramasinghe

IPC分类号： G01K11/00 ,  G01J3/427 ,  G01J3/45

CPC分类号： G01K11/00

摘要： Multi-wavelength optical thermometry provides for non-contact measurement of the temperature of a sample where the front surface and the back surface of the sample are used in a interferometer to measure changes in optical path length. Laser beams at two different wavelengths are used and the beam phase of the two resultant interference signals is used to unambiguously measure the path length change over a broad temperature range.

摘要翻译： 多波长光学温度测量提供样品的温度的非接触式测量，其中样品的前表面和背面用于干涉仪中以测量光程长度的变化。 使用两个不同波长的激光束，并且使用两个合成的干涉信号的光束相位来明确地测量在宽的温度范围内的路径长度变化。

公开(公告)号：US5260577A

公开(公告)日：1993-11-09

申请号：US973796

申请日：1992-11-09

申请人： David W. Abraham ,  James M. Hammond ,  Martin A. Klos ,  Kenneth G. Roessler ,  Robert M. Stowell ,  Hemantha K. Wickramasinghe

发明人： David W. Abraham ,  James M. Hammond ,  Martin A. Klos ,  Kenneth G. Roessler ,  Robert M. Stowell ,  Hemantha K. Wickramasinghe

IPC分类号： G01B7/34 ,  G01B21/30 ,  G01Q70/04 ,  H01J37/20 ,  H01J37/28

CPC分类号： H01J37/20 ,  G01Q70/04 ,  Y10S977/872

摘要： A sample carriage, for receiving a sample to be scanned and positionable in a scanning probe microscope, is used for physically decoupling the sample from the scanning probe microscope assembly. The sample carriage, constructed from low thermal coefficient material, is physically decoupled by releasably clamping a sample carriage to a bridge support.