公开(公告)号：US20110300629A1

公开(公告)日：2011-12-08

申请号：US13155577

申请日：2011-06-08

申请人： William G. Hawkins ,  Dirk Spitzer ,  Richard S. Hotchkiss

发明人： William G. Hawkins ,  Dirk Spitzer ,  Richard S. Hotchkiss

IPC分类号： C12N5/09 ,  C07H21/00 ,  C07K19/00 ,  C12N15/63 ,  C07K14/52

CPC分类号： C07K14/4747 ,  C07K14/52

摘要： Disclosed are TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) trimers (TR3) and nucleic acids encoding covalently linked TRAIL trimers. A TRAIL trimer can have greater stability compared to native TRAIL, and can retain the native killing ability of TRAIL. Target specificity of a TR3 can be shown by blocking its activity with soluble death receptor 5 (DR5-Fc). Also disclosed are modified TRAIL trimers and nucleic acids encoding them. These modifications include additional functional domains, such as antibody fragments (scFvs). A TR3 comprising an additional functional domain can allow for cell-specific delivery of the TR3. In some configurations, a modification such as the addition of a functional domain can be stoichiometrically controlled. In some configurations, a modification can be inconsequential with regard to the bioactivity of TRAIL. In various embodiments, a TR3, including a modified TR3, can be a cancer-selective drug. In some configurations, a TR3 that comprises an additional biologically active moiety such as a functional domain of a protein can have fewer off-target toxicities compared to TRAIL alone. In some configurations, a TR3 that comprises an additional biologically active moiety such as a functional domain of a protein can have enhanced killing capacities compared to the moiety alone. In some aspects, TR3 activity can be targeted to an RBC membrane. The inventors disclose TR3-decorated RBCs that target cell killing in a model of pancreatic cancer.

摘要翻译： 公开了TNF相关凋亡诱导配体（TRAIL）三聚体（TR3）和编码共价连接的TRAIL三聚体的核酸。 与天然TRAIL相比，TRAIL三聚体可以具有更高的稳定性，并且可以保留TRAIL的天然杀伤能力。 可通过用可溶性死亡受体5（DR5-Fc）阻断其活性来显示TR3的靶特异性。 还公开了修饰的TRAIL三聚体和编码它们的核酸。 这些修饰包括额外的功能域，例如抗体片段（scFv）。 包含附加功能域的TR3可以允许TR3的细胞特异性递送。 在一些配置中，可以化学计量地控制诸如添加功能域的修饰。 在一些配置中，关于TRAIL的生物活性，修饰可能是无关紧要的。 在各种实施方案中，包括修饰的TR3的TR3可以是癌症选择性药物。 在一些配置中，与单独的TRAIL相比，包含另外的生物活性部分如蛋白质的功能结构域的TR3可以具有较少的靶外毒性。 在一些构型中，与单独的部分相比，包含另外的生物活性部分如蛋白质的功能结构域的TR3可以具有增强的杀伤能力。 在一些方面，TR3活性可以靶向RBC膜。 本发明人公开了在胰腺癌模型中靶向细胞杀伤的TR3装饰的RBC。

公开(公告)号：US06339652B1

公开(公告)日：2002-01-15

申请号：US09437784

申请日：1999-11-10

申请人： William G. Hawkins ,  Daniel Gagnon

发明人： William G. Hawkins ,  Daniel Gagnon

IPC分类号： G06K900

CPC分类号： G01T1/1615 ,  A61B6/037 ,  G01T1/2985

摘要： A method of ML-EM image reconstruction is provided for use in connection with a diagnostic imaging apparatus (10) that generates projection data. The method includes collecting projection data, including measured emission projection data and measured transmission projection data. Optionally, the measured transmission projection data is truncated. An initial emission map and attenuation map are assumed. The emission map and the attenuation map are iteratively updated. With each iteration, the emission map is recalculated by taking a previous emission map and adjusting it based upon: (i) the measured emission projection data; (ii) a reprojection of the previous emission map which is carried out with a multi-dimensional projection model; and, (iii) a reprojection of the attenuation map. As well, with each iteration, the attenuation map is recalculated by taking a previous attenuation map and adjusting it based upon: (i) the measured emission projection data; (ii) a reprojection of the previous emission map which is carried out with the multi-dimensional projection model; and (iii) measured transmission projection data.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种ML-EM图像重建方法，用于与产生投影数据的诊断成像设备（10）相结合。 该方法包括收集投影数据，包括测量的发射投影数据和测量的透射投影数据。 可选地，所测量的传输投影数据被截断。 假设初始发射图和衰减图。 发射图和衰减图迭代更新。 通过每次迭代，通过采取先前的发射图并根据以下进行调整来重新计算发射图：（i）测量的发射投影数据; （ii）用多维投影模型进行的先前发射图的重新投影; 和（iii）衰减图的重新投射。 同样地，通过每次迭代，通过采取先前的衰减图并且基于以下来调整衰减图来重新计算衰减图：（i）测量的发射投影数据; （ii）用多维投影模型进行的先前发射图的重新投影; 和（iii）测量的传输投影数据。

公开(公告)号：US5710582A

公开(公告)日：1998-01-20

申请号：US569034

申请日：1995-12-07

申请人： William G. Hawkins ,  Ivan Rezanka ,  Roger G. Markham ,  Dale R. Ims ,  Donald J. Drake

发明人： William G. Hawkins ,  Ivan Rezanka ,  Roger G. Markham ,  Dale R. Ims ,  Donald J. Drake

IPC分类号： B41J2/21 ,  B41J2/01 ,  B41J2/05 ,  B41J2/15 ,  B41J2/155 ,  B41J2/525 ,  B41J3/54

CPC分类号： B41J3/543 ,  B41J2/15 ,  B41J2/155

摘要： An ink jet printer is configured in a hybrid architecture wherein a full width printbar is combined with a partial width color scanning assembly to provide the capability of selectively printing in black only or, alternately, of producing color prints by operating the color scan assembly exclusively. The cost of the hybrid system, when compared to a full width color system using four full width printbars, is greatly reduced. Throughput time is reduced by providing the control circuitry for distinguishing between black only and color operation and selectively controlling the printer mode of operation. The hybrid architecture is particularly useful in a LAN system since it provides a mechanism for balancing the relative color versus black page decomposition speed limitations. Also, the hybrid architecture enables a relatively simple implementation of a checkerboarding technique to suppress banding in output prints.

摘要翻译： 喷墨打印机被配置为混合架构，其中全宽度打印条与部分宽度彩色扫描组合组合，以提供选择性地以黑色打印的能力，或者通过专门操作彩色扫描组件来产生彩色打印。 与使用四个全宽度打印棒的全幅彩色系统相比，混合系统的成本大大降低。 通过提供用于区分黑色和彩色操作的控制电路并选择性地控制打印机操作模式来减少吞吐时间。 混合架构在LAN系统中特别有用，因为它提供了用于平衡相对颜色与黑色页面分解速度限制的机制。 此外，混合架构使得能够相对简单地执行棋盘棋技术来抑制输出打印中的条带。

公开(公告)号：US5665249A

公开(公告)日：1997-09-09

申请号：US330146

申请日：1994-10-17

申请人： Cathie J. Burke ,  William G. Hawkins ,  Herman A. Hermanson ,  Michael C. Ferringer ,  Almon P. Fisher ,  Diane Atkinson

发明人： Cathie J. Burke ,  William G. Hawkins ,  Herman A. Hermanson ,  Michael C. Ferringer ,  Almon P. Fisher ,  Diane Atkinson

IPC分类号： B41J2/05 ,  B24B37/04 ,  B41J2/16 ,  B24B1/00 ,  B41J2/04

CPC分类号： B41J2/1623 ,  B24B37/04 ,  B41J2/1604 ,  B41J2/1626 ,  B41J2/1631 ,  B41J2/1632 ,  B41J2/1635 ,  B41J2/1642 ,  B41J2/1645 ,  B41J2202/03 ,  Y10T29/49401

摘要： An improved microelectromechanical device, such as a thermal ink jet die or printhead, is formed by the alignment of two planar substrates bonded together by an intermediate thick film layer of patterned polymeric material, such as polyimide. The improved device has a fully cured, patterned thick film layer which is planarized by chemical-mechanical polishing-to improve the bonding strength between the substrates. The planarization removes topographical formations generated during the deposition of the thick film layer and/or during the patterning of the recesses therein.

摘要翻译： 通过由诸如聚酰亚胺的图案化聚合物材料的中间厚膜层粘合在一起的两个平面基板的对准来形成改进的微电子机械装置，例如热喷墨模头或打印头。 改进的装置具有完全固化的图案化的厚膜层，其通过化学机械抛光进行平面化，以提高基板之间的结合强度。 平坦化消除了在沉积厚膜层期间和/或在其中凹陷图案化期间产生的形貌结构。

公开(公告)号：US5565901A

公开(公告)日：1996-10-15

申请号：US337495

申请日：1994-11-08

申请人： William G. Hawkins

发明人： William G. Hawkins

IPC分类号： B41J2/14 ,  B41J2/16 ,  B41J2/05

CPC分类号： B41J2/1623 ,  B41J2/14024 ,  B41J2/1604 ,  B41J2/1626 ,  B41J2/1637

摘要： An ink jet module that can be accurately positioned on a carrier includes a channel die and a heater die. The channel die is rectangular and has a top surface, a bottom surface, a first pair of sides, and a second pair of sides. The bottom surface has a number of spaced parallel channels disposed within it. The channels are parallel to the first pair of sides and extend through one of the second pair of sides. The top surface of the heater die is attached to and aligned with the bottom surface of the channel die. At least one pair of alignment features is disposed within and adjacent a side of the bottom surface of the channel die. The alignment features are recessed areas disposed on opposite sides from each other. The alignment features are dimensioned to receive a retainer that secures the ink jet module to a carrier.

摘要翻译： 可精确地定位在载体上的喷墨模块包括通道模和加热模。 通道模具是矩形的，并且具有顶表面，底表面，第一对侧面和第二对侧面。 底表面具有设置在其内的多个间隔开的平行通道。 通道平行于第一对侧面并延伸穿过第二对侧边之一。 加热器管芯的顶表面附接到通道管芯的底表面并与其对准。 至少一对对准特征设置在通道管芯的底表面的侧面内并与其相邻。 对准特征是彼此相对设置的凹陷区域。 对准特征的尺寸被设计成接收将喷墨模块固定到载体上的保持器。

公开(公告)号：US5371395A

公开(公告)日：1994-12-06

申请号：US879626

申请日：1992-05-06

申请人： William G. Hawkins

发明人： William G. Hawkins

IPC分类号： H01L27/04 ,  H01L21/822 ,  H01L27/02 ,  H01L23/62

CPC分类号： H01L27/0259 ,  H01L27/0255 ,  H01L2924/0002

摘要： An electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection device for protecting a high voltage operating circuit having a high voltage input terminal is disclosed. The ESD protection circuit has a substrate, a first diffusion region formed in the substrate connected to the high voltage input terminal, a second diffusion region formed in the substrate connected to ground, a field oxide layer over the substrate having a thickened region extending into the substrate between the first and second diffusion regions, and a drift region formed in the substrate and located between the first diffusion region and the thickened field oxide layer. These regions are so arranged to move the point of avalanche breakdown away from the first diffusion/field oxide interface, so that the avalanche breakdown voltage is lower than that of the protected circuit while simultaneously preventing avalanche included bipolar feedback in the protection device.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于保护具有高压输入端子的高电压工作电路的静电放电（ESD）保护装置。 ESD保护电路具有衬底，形成在与高压输入端子连接的衬底中的第一扩散区域，形成在与衬底连接的衬底中的第二扩散区域，衬底上的场氧化物层具有延伸到 第一扩散区和第二扩散区之间的衬底，以及形成在衬底中并位于第一扩散区和增厚场氧化物层之间的漂移区。 这些区域被布置为将雪崩击穿点移动离开第一扩散/场氧化物界面，使得雪崩击穿电压低于受保护电路的雪崩击穿电压，同时防止在保护装置中包括双极反馈的雪崩。

公开(公告)号：US5169806A

公开(公告)日：1992-12-08

申请号：US589788

申请日：1990-09-26

申请人： William G. Hawkins ,  Olaf Muller

发明人： William G. Hawkins ,  Olaf Muller

IPC分类号： B41J2/05 ,  B41J2/14 ,  B41J2/16 ,  H01L21/822 ,  H01L27/04

CPC分类号： B41J2/1628 ,  B41J2/14072 ,  B41J2/1604 ,  B41J2/1623 ,  B41J2/1629 ,  B41J2/1631 ,  B41J2/1642 ,  Y10S148/122 ,  Y10S148/154 ,  Y10S438/934

摘要： A resistive heating element is formed by depositing an amorphous silicon film on selected portions of a substrate and heating the deposited amorphous silicon film so that it undergoes solid phase epitaxy to form a (111) textured polycrystalline silicon film. The method is particularly useful for forming electro-thermal transducers for thermal ink jet printheads.

摘要翻译： 通过在衬底的选定部分上沉积非晶硅膜并加热沉积的非晶硅膜使其经历固相外延以形成（111）织构化的多晶硅膜来形成电阻加热元件。 该方法对于形成用于热喷墨打印头的电热换能器特别有用。

公开(公告)号：US5141596A

公开(公告)日：1992-08-25

申请号：US736996

申请日：1991-07-29

申请人： William G. Hawkins ,  James F. O'Neill ,  Donald J. Drake

发明人： William G. Hawkins ,  James F. O'Neill ,  Donald J. Drake

IPC分类号： B41J2/05 ,  B41J2/16 ,  H01L21/306

CPC分类号： H01L21/30608 ,  B41J2/1604 ,  B41J2/1628 ,  B41J2/1629 ,  B41J2/1631 ,  B41J2/1632 ,  B41J2/1635

摘要： An integral filter is fabricated by patterning a layer of etch resistant material on one side of a (100) silicon wafer to produce an array of equally spaced, uniformly sized posts or shapes and doping the exposed surface of the wafer by boron ion implant. The dopant is diffused into the wafer while the array of posts of etch resistant material masks the diffusion under them. The size of the posts or shapes determines the undoped areas of the wafer and, thus, the mesh size of the eventually produced integral filter. The wafer is recoated with a layer of etch resistant material and the other side, which was not doped, is patterned to form a plurality of sets of elongated channel vias and reservoir vias, one reservoir via for each set of channel vias. The wafer is orientation dependently etched for a predetermined time period to produce the sets of channel grooves and reservoir recesses, the recesses having a depth of about 75-85% of the wafer thickness, followed by etching of the wafer in an EDP etchant to finish etching the reservoirs through the wafer. The doped silicon area is not etched, so that an integral filter is produced having an arbitrary pore size determined by the size of the posts or shapes patterned initially prior to the diffused doping step.

摘要翻译： 通过在（100）硅晶片的一侧上图案化耐蚀刻材料层来制造整体滤光器，以产生等间距均匀尺寸的柱或形状的阵列，并通过硼离子注入掺杂晶片的暴露表面。 掺杂剂扩散到晶片中，而抗蚀刻材料的阵列阵列掩盖其下的扩散。 柱或形状的尺寸决定了晶片的未掺杂区域，因此决定了最终产生的积分过滤器的网孔尺寸。 用一层耐蚀刻材料重新涂覆晶片，并且未掺杂的另一侧被图案化以形成多组细长通道通孔和储存器通孔，用于每组通道通孔的一个储存器通孔。 晶片取向依赖地蚀刻预定时间段以产生沟槽和储存器凹槽的组，凹槽具有晶片厚度的约75-85％的深度，随后在EDP蚀刻剂中蚀刻晶片以完成 蚀刻储存器通过晶片。 掺杂的硅区域不被蚀刻，从而产生具有由扩散掺杂步骤之前最初形成图案的柱或尺寸确定的任意孔径的整体过滤器。

公开(公告)号：US4951063A

公开(公告)日：1990-08-21

申请号：US354941

申请日：1989-05-22

申请人： William G. Hawkins ,  Olaf Muller ,  James F. O'Neill

发明人： William G. Hawkins ,  Olaf Muller ,  James F. O'Neill

IPC分类号： B41J2/05 ,  B41J2/14 ,  B41J2/16 ,  G01D15/18

CPC分类号： B41J2/14129 ,  B41J2/1604 ,  B41J2/1628 ,  B41J2/1629 ,  B41J2/1631 ,  B41J2/1632 ,  B41J2/1642

摘要： A thermal ink jet printhead is improved by a specific heating element structure and method of manufacture. The heating elements each have a resistive layer, a high temperature deposited plasma or pyrolytic silicon nitride thereover of predetermined thickness to electrically isolate a subsequently formed cavitational stress protecting layer of tantalum thereon. The pyrolytic silicon nitride permits wet chemical or dry plasma etching delineation of the tantalum without deleterious impact on the silicon nitride, while the delineated tantalum can serve as mask for the wet etch delineation of the silicon nitride. Because of the high deposition temperatures, the aluminum electrodes are patterned and passivated last. Such a construction lowers the manufacturing cost and concurrently provides a more durable printhead.

摘要翻译： 通过特定的加热元件结构和制造方法来改进热喷墨打印头。 加热元件各自具有预定厚度的电阻层，高温沉积等离子体或热解氮化硅，以电隔离随后形成的钽的空穴应力保护层。 热解氮化硅允许钽的湿化学或干等离子体蚀刻描绘，而对氮化硅没有有害影响，而描绘的钽可以用作氮化硅的湿蚀刻描绘的掩模。 由于沉积温度高，铝电极最后被图案化和钝化。 这种结构降低了制造成本，同时提供了更耐用的打印头。

公开(公告)号：US4935752A

公开(公告)日：1990-06-19

申请号：US330574

申请日：1989-03-30

申请人： William G. Hawkins

发明人： William G. Hawkins

IPC分类号： B41J2/05 ,  B41J2/14 ,  B41J2/16

CPC分类号： B41J2/1604 ,  B41J2/14129 ,  B41J2/1623 ,  B41J2/1626 ,  B41J2/1631 ,  B41J2202/13

摘要： A thermal ink jet printhead is improved by using heating element structures which space the portion of the heating element structures subjected to the cavitational forces produced by the generation and collapsing of the droplet expelling bubbles from the upstream electrode interconnection to the heating element. In one embodiment this is accomplished by narrowing the resistive area where the momentary vapor bubbles are to be produced so that a lower temperature section is located between the bubble generating region and the electrode connecting point. In another embodiment, the electrode is attached to the bubble generating resistive layer through a doped polysilicon descender. A third embodiment spaces the bubble generating portion of the heating element from the upstream electrode interface, which is most susceptible to cavitational damage, by using a resistive layer having two different resistivities.