Process for producing optically active amino alcohols and intermediates therefore
    51.
    发明授权
    Process for producing optically active amino alcohols and intermediates therefore 失效
    因此制造光学活性氨基醇和中间体的方法

    公开(公告)号:US06686505B2

    公开(公告)日:2004-02-03

    申请号:US10285164

    申请日:2002-10-31

    IPC分类号: C07C21302

    摘要: A process for producing an optically active amino alcohol is provided that includes a step in which a nitro ketone or a cyano ketone is reacted with a hydrogen-donating organic or inorganic compound in the presence of a transition metal compound catalyst having an optically active nitrogen-containing compound as an asymmetric ligand to give an optically active nitro alcohol or an optically active cyano alcohol, and a step in which the above optically active alcohol is further reduced to efficiently produce an optically active amino alcohol.

    摘要翻译: 提供了一种制备光学活性氨基醇的方法,其包括在具有光学活性的氮原子的过渡金属化合物催化剂存在下,使硝基酮或氰基酮与供氢有机或无机化合物反应的步骤, 含有化合物作为不对称配体,得到光学活性硝基醇或光学活性氰基醇,以及进一步还原上述光学活性醇以有效制备光学活性氨基醇的步骤。

    Zoom optical system
    52.
    发明授权

    公开(公告)号:US06515804B2

    公开(公告)日:2003-02-04

    申请号:US09813816

    申请日:2001-03-22

    IPC分类号: G02B1514

    CPC分类号: G02B15/177

    摘要: A zoom optical system suited for use in an electronic image pickup apparatus comprising a first negative lens unit, a second positive lens unit and a third positive lens unit, in which a magnification is changed from a wide position to a tele position by moving at least the first lens unit and the second lens unit so as to change an airspace between the first lens unit and the second lens unit and widen an airspace between the second lens unit and the third lens unit, the second lens unit comprises a biconvex lens element and a cemented meniscus lens component having a convex surface on the object side, and each lens unit has a small thickness.

    Electronic image pickup equipment
    54.
    发明授权
    Electronic image pickup equipment 有权
    电子摄像设备

    公开(公告)号:US06417973B2

    公开(公告)日:2002-07-09

    申请号:US09725258

    申请日:2000-11-29

    IPC分类号: G02B1514

    摘要: The object of the invention is to reduce the thickness of electronic image pickup equipment as much as possible, using a zooming mode having stable, high image-formation capabilities from an object at infinity to a near-by object. The electronic image pickup equipment comprises a zoom lens system comprising a negative, first lens group G1, a positive, second lens group G2 and a positive, third lens group G3. For zooming from the wide-angle end to the telephoto end of the zoom lens system upon focused on an object at infinity, the separation between G2 and G3 becomes wise. By moving G3 toward the object side of the system, the system can be focused on a nearer-by object. In the zoom lens system, the second lens group G2 comprises one positive lens 2a, one negative lens 2b and a lens subgroup 2c comprising at least one lens, and the third lens group G3 comprises one positive lens. The zoom lens system satisfies conditions with respect to the optical axis distance from the image-side surface of the positive lens 2a to the image-side surface of the negative lens 2b and the focal length ratio in air between the positive lens 2a and the lens subgroup 2c.

    摘要翻译: 本发明的目的是尽可能减小电子摄像设备的厚度,使用具有从无穷远到近距离物体的物体具有稳定的高成像能力的变焦模式。 电子摄像设备包括一个变焦透镜系统,它包括负的第一透镜组G1,正的,第二透镜组G2和正的第三透镜组G3。 为了在聚焦在无限远的物体上时从变焦镜头系统的广角端到望远端的变焦,G2和G3之间的分离变得明智。 通过将G3移动到系统的物体侧,系统可以集中在更近的对象上。 在变焦透镜系统中,第二透镜组G2包括一个正透镜2a,一个负透镜2b和包括至少一个透镜的透镜子组2c,并且第三透镜组G3包括一个正透镜。 变焦透镜系统满足关于从正透镜2a的像侧表面到负透镜2b的像侧表面的光轴距离和正透镜2a与透镜之间的空气焦距比的条件 子组2c。

    Semiconductor substrate and manufacturing method thereof
    55.
    发明授权
    Semiconductor substrate and manufacturing method thereof 失效
    半导体衬底及其制造方法

    公开(公告)号:US06300680B1

    公开(公告)日:2001-10-09

    申请号:US09073762

    申请日:1998-05-07

    IPC分类号: H01L2358

    摘要: A semiconductor substrate is provided which maintains its gettering capabilities throughout the manufacturing process of a semiconductor device and which prevents previously gettered contaminating impurities from being released again into an operating region of a semiconductor device. The semiconductor substrate includes a silicon substrate, a polysilicon layer, and a high density boron layer. The silicon substrate has a first main surface and a second main surface opposed to the first main surface, and the silicon substrate is used to form a semiconductor device at least indirectly on the first main surface. The polysilicon film is formed at least indirectly on the second main surface, and the high density boron layer is disposed between the silicon substrate and the polysilicon film. Also a ratio of a highest boron density value in the high density boron layer to a lowest boron density value in the silicon substrate is greater than or equal to approximately 100. Instead of using the high density boron layer, other layers may be used such as silicon oxide layers or polysilicon layers. Also, a method for manufacturing the semiconductor substrate is also provided.

    摘要翻译: 提供了半导体衬底,其在半导体器件的整个制造过程中保持其吸杂能力,并且防止先前吸收的污染杂质再次释放到半导体器件的操作区域中。 半导体衬底包括硅衬底,多晶硅层和高密度硼层。 硅衬底具有与第一主表面相对的第一主表面和第二主表面,并且硅衬底用于至少间接地在第一主表面上形成半导体器件。 多晶硅膜至少间接地形成在第二主表面上,并且高密度硼层设置在硅衬底和多晶硅膜之间。 此外,高密度硼层中的最高硼密度值与硅衬底中的最低硼密度值之比也大于或等于大约100.代替使用高密度硼层,可以使用其它层,例如 氧化硅层或多晶硅层。 此外,还提供了一种用于制造半导体衬底的方法。

    Apparatus for growing a semiconductor crystal
    56.
    发明授权
    Apparatus for growing a semiconductor crystal 有权
    用于生长半导体晶体的装置

    公开(公告)号:US06221156B1

    公开(公告)日:2001-04-24

    申请号:US09268615

    申请日:1999-03-15

    IPC分类号: C30B1500

    摘要: In an apparatus for growing a semiconductor crystal from semiconductor melt, a crucible retains the semiconductor melt. An electrode contacts with the semiconductor melt and applies current to the semiconductor melt. The electrode is formed of the same material as the semiconductor crystal.

    摘要翻译: 在用于从半导体熔体生长半导体晶体的装置中,坩埚保持半导体熔体。 电极与半导体熔体接触并向半导体熔体施加电流。 电极由与半导体晶体相同的材料形成。

    Photosensitive polyimide precursor
    58.
    发明授权
    Photosensitive polyimide precursor 失效
    感光聚酰亚胺前体

    公开(公告)号:US4861854A

    公开(公告)日:1989-08-29

    申请号:US200864

    申请日:1988-06-01

    IPC分类号: C08G73/10 G03F7/037 G03F7/038

    摘要: A photosensitive polyimide precursor composed of the structural units (A) represented by the following general formula (I) and the structural units (B) represented by the following general formula (II), in which the ratio of the molar quantity of the structural units (A) to the sum of the molar quantity of the structural units (A) and that of the structural units (B) is 0.01 or greater, and having a viscosity of 100 cP or above as measured at 25.degree. C. in the state of a 10% by weight solution in N-methylpyrrolidone: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents a tetravalent aromatic hydrocarbon residue; R.sub.2 represents a divalent aromatic hydrocarbon residue; X, identical or different represents a halogen or an alkyl group; and m represents 0 or an integer from 1 to 4. The photosensitivity of the present photosensitive polyimide precursor is about 20 to 100 times that of conventional products. After heat dehydration cyclization, it shows a heat resistance of 400.degree. C. or above.

    摘要翻译: 由以下通式(I)表示的结构单元(A)和由以下通式(II)表示的结构单元(B))组成的光敏聚酰亚胺前体,其中结构单元 (A)和结构单元(B)的摩尔量的总和为0.01以上,粘度为100cP以上,在该状态下在25℃下测定 的10重量%的N-甲基吡咯烷酮溶液:其中R1表示四价芳烃残基;(I)其中R 1表示四价芳烃残基; R2表示二价芳烃残基; X相同或不同,表示卤素或烷基; m表示0或1〜4的整数。本发明的感光性聚酰亚胺前体的光敏度为常规产品的约20〜100倍。 热脱水环化后,其耐热性为400℃以上。

    Process for producing 1-triazole-2-butanol derivatives
    59.
    发明授权
    Process for producing 1-triazole-2-butanol derivatives 有权
    1-三唑-2-丁醇衍生物的制备方法

    公开(公告)号:US08871942B2

    公开(公告)日:2014-10-28

    申请号:US13818897

    申请日:2011-08-31

    IPC分类号: C07D401/06

    CPC分类号: C07D401/06

    摘要: An object is to provide a process for producing the compound of formula 1 in higher yield by the ring-opening addition reaction of epoxytriazole with amine under mild conditions without using a large excess of 4-methylenepiperidine. The process for producing (2R,3R)-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-3-(4-methylenepiperidin-1-yl)-1-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)butan-2-ol or an acid addition salt thereof comprises reacting (2R,3S)-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-3-methyl-2-[(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)methyl]oxirane with an acid addition salt of 4-methylenepiperidine in a reaction solvent in the presence of a hydroxide of an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal selected from the group consisting of lithium, sodium, calcium, and strontium, or a hydrate thereof.

    摘要翻译: 本发明的目的是提供一种通过在温和条件下环氧三唑与胺的开环加成反应而不使用大量过量的4-亚甲基哌啶,以更高的产率制备式1化合物的方法。 (2R,3R)-2-(2,4-二氟苯基)-3-(4-亚甲基哌啶-1-基)-1-(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丁烷 -2-醇或其酸加成盐包括使(2R,3S)-2-(2,4-二氟苯基)-3-甲基-2 - [(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基) 甲基]环氧乙烷与4-亚甲基哌啶的酸加成盐在反应溶剂中,在选自锂,钠,钙和锶的碱金属或碱土金属的氢氧化物或其水合物存在下, 。