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    Modification of rheological properties of coal for slurry feed gasification
    51.
    发明申请
    Modification of rheological properties of coal for slurry feed gasification 有权
    用于泥浆进料气化的煤的流变特性的改进

    公开(公告)号：US20100083574A1

    公开(公告)日：2010-04-08

    申请号：US12586831

    申请日：2009-09-29

    申请人： Ramesh Varadaraj ,  Michael Siskin

    发明人： Ramesh Varadaraj ,  Michael Siskin

    IPC分类号： C10L1/04 ,  C10J3/46

    CPC分类号： C10G1/00 ,  C10G2300/206 ,  C10L1/322

    摘要： The feeding of coal slurries into a gasifier for the production of synthesis gas is improved by modifying the rheological properties of the coal particles so that conventional liquid transfer equipment can be used in the feed transfer process to the gasifier. The coal particle surface modification is accomplished by adsorbing asphaltenes derived from petroleum onto the surfaces of coal particles prior to and/or during contact with the slurry liquid. The coal particles with their surfaces thus modified exhibit lower particle-particle interaction in the liquid slurries to form a shear independent Newtonian fluid or a weakly shear thickening pseudoplastic fluid. The rheological properties of the slurries permit them to be transported reliably into a pressurized, entrained feed gasifier vessel using convention slurry pumps with a low potential expenditure of energy.

    摘要翻译： 通过改变煤粒子的流变性能，可以将煤浆料送入用于生产合成气体的气化器中，从而可以将传统的液体输送设备用于进料到气化器的进料转移过程。 煤颗粒表面改性是通过在与浆料液体接触之前和/或与其接触期间将来自石油的沥青质吸附在煤颗粒表面上来实现的。 具有如此改性的其表面的煤颗粒在液体浆料中表现出较低的颗粒 - 颗粒相互作用，以形成剪切无关的牛顿流体或弱剪切增稠假塑性流体。 浆料的流变性使其能够使用具有低潜在能量消耗的常规浆料泵将其可靠地运输到加压夹带的进料气化器容器中。

    Emulsion compositions with a polymeric emulsifier
    52.
    发明申请
    Emulsion compositions with a polymeric emulsifier 有权
    具有聚合乳化剂的乳液组合物

    公开(公告)号：US20100004382A1

    公开(公告)日：2010-01-07

    申请号：US12459057

    申请日：2009-06-26

    申请人： Ramesh Varadaraj ,  Cornelius Hendrick Brons ,  David John Lohse

    发明人： Ramesh Varadaraj ,  Cornelius Hendrick Brons ,  David John Lohse

    IPC分类号： C08L23/20 ,  C08L25/06

    CPC分类号： B01F17/0035 ,  C08L23/283

    摘要： Provided are oil-in-water and water-in-oil emulsion compositions including from 0.01 to 5 wt % of a halogenated elastomer emulsifier, and optionally from to 0.5 wt % of a polyalkylene amine co-emulsifier. The emulsion compositions disclosed herein provide for increased interfacial elasticity and decreased interfacial tension at the oil-water interface to increase resistance to coalescence of dispersed water droplets of a water-in-oil emulsion or oil droplets of an oil-in-water emulsion. The emulsion compositions disclosed herein are suitable for lubricant applications due to their resistance to shear thinning.

    摘要翻译： 提供了包含0.01至5重量％的卤化弹性体乳化剂和任选地至0.5重量％的聚亚烷基胺共乳化剂的水包油和油包水乳液组合物。 本文公开的乳液组合物提供增加的界面弹性和降低油 - 水界面处的界面张力，以增加油包水乳液或油包水乳液的油滴分散水滴聚结的抗性。 本文公开的乳液组合物由于其抗剪切变稀性而适用于润滑剂应用。

    Method to alter coke morphology using either polynuclear aromatic compounds or functionalized lignin
    53.
    发明申请
    Method to alter coke morphology using either polynuclear aromatic compounds or functionalized lignin 失效
    使用多核芳香族化合物或官能化木质素改变焦炭形态的方法

    公开(公告)号：US20090314689A1

    公开(公告)日：2009-12-24

    申请号：US12213758

    申请日：2008-06-24

    申请人： Ramesh Varadaraj ,  Siskin Michael ,  Leo D. Brown

    发明人： Ramesh Varadaraj ,  Siskin Michael ,  Leo D. Brown

    IPC分类号： C10G1/00

    CPC分类号： C10B55/00 ,  C10B57/06

    摘要： A method for altering coke morphology in a delayed coking process of heavy oil is provided. An effective amount of one or more oil dispersible or oil soluble polynuclear aromatic compounds, or functionalized lignin, is added or contacted with the resid or heavy oil at a point before or after the step of heating the heavy oil to coking temperatures. The addition of additives facilitates the formation of shot coke and inhibits the formation of sponge coke.

    摘要翻译： 提供了一种在重油延迟焦化过程中改变焦炭形态的方法。 在将重油加热至焦化温度的步骤之前或之后的时刻，有效量的一种或多种油分散性或油溶性多核芳族化合物或官能化木质素与残油或重油相加或接触。 添加添加剂促进了焦炭的形成并抑制海绵焦炭的形成。

    Polar solvent-asphaltene dispersant method for upgrading heavy oils
    54.
    发明授权
    Polar solvent-asphaltene dispersant method for upgrading heavy oils 失效
    极性溶剂 - 沥青质分散剂改质重油的方法

    公开(公告)号：US07579303B2

    公开(公告)日：2009-08-25

    申请号：US11173978

    申请日：2005-07-01

    申请人： Ramesh Varadaraj ,  Cornelius Hendrick Brons

    发明人： Ramesh Varadaraj ,  Cornelius Hendrick Brons

    IPC分类号： C10C1/00 ,  C10C1/18 ,  C07C303/44

    CPC分类号： C10G21/003

    摘要： A method for reducing the viscosity and toluene equivalence of an oil containing asphaltenes comprises the steps of: a) mixing with the oil, a polar solvent, and an asphaltene dispersant additive wherein the weight ratio of oil:polar solvent is in the range of 10:0.1 to 10:5, the asphaltene dispersant additive is at a treat rate in the range of 0.025 to 5 weight percent based on the weight of the oil, and then, b) removing at least 90 wt % of the polar solvent from the mixture of oil, polar solvent and the asphaltene dispersant additive to provide upgraded oil with reduced viscosity and toluene equivalence.

    摘要翻译： 降低含油沥青质的粘度和甲苯当量的方法包括以下步骤：a）与油，极性溶剂和沥青质分散剂添加剂混合，其中油：极性溶剂的重量比在10 ：0.1〜10：5，沥青质分散剂添加剂的处理速度为0.025〜5重量％，基于油的重量，然后，b）从至少90重量％的极性溶剂中除去 油，极性溶剂和沥青质分散剂添加剂的混合物，以提供具有降低的粘度和甲苯当量的改进的油。

    Method for improving oil desalting by forming unstable water-in-oil emulsions
    55.
    发明授权
    Method for improving oil desalting by forming unstable water-in-oil emulsions 有权
    通过形成不稳定的油包水乳液来改善脱油的方法

    公开(公告)号：US07323342B2

    公开(公告)日：2008-01-29

    申请号：US10768869

    申请日：2004-01-30

    申请人： Ramesh Varadaraj

    发明人： Ramesh Varadaraj

    IPC分类号： G01N33/26 ,  B01D15/08

    CPC分类号： C10G31/08 ,  C10G19/02 ,  C10G33/00 ,  C10G53/04 ,  C10G2300/1033 ,  C10G2300/203 ,  C10G2300/206 ,  C10G2300/44 ,  C10G2300/805 ,  Y10T436/25 ,  Y10T436/25125 ,  Y10T436/25375

    摘要： A method for determination for a given oil the relative stability of a water-in-oil emulsion that will be formed by that oil with water comprises measuring for the given oil the weight fraction of the oil that is most strongly adsorbed on a silica gel column successively eluted with n-hexane, toluene and methylene chloride-methanol mixture solvents and determining whether said weight fraction is greater than about 0.05; with a value above 0.05 being determinative of an emulsion more stable than one with a value less than 0.05.

    摘要翻译： 用于测定给定油的方法，将由该油与水形成的油包水乳液的相对稳定性包括测量给定的油，最强吸附在硅胶柱上的油的重量分数 依次用正己烷，甲苯和二氯甲烷 - 甲醇混合溶剂洗脱并测定所述重量分数是否大于约0.05; 其值高于0.05是确定乳剂比值小于0.05的乳液更稳定的值。

    Inversion of water-in-oil emulsions to oil-in-water emulsions
    56.
    发明申请
    Inversion of water-in-oil emulsions to oil-in-water emulsions 审中-公开
    将油包水乳液倒入水包油乳剂中

    公开(公告)号：US20070276052A1

    公开(公告)日：2007-11-29

    申请号：US11890432

    申请日：2007-08-06

    申请人： Ramesh Varadaraj

    发明人： Ramesh Varadaraj

    IPC分类号： B01F3/08

    CPC分类号： C10G33/04

    摘要： A method to invert a water-in-oil emulsion to an oil-in-water emulsion comprises contacting the water-in-oil emulsion with an aqueous colloidal dispersion including hydroxides of elements of Group II and Group III of The Periodic Table of Elements and mixtures thereof and then mixing the water-in-oil emulsion and aqueous colloidal dispersion until the water-in-oil emulsion inverts to an oil-in-water emulsion.

    摘要翻译： 将油包水乳液反转到水包油乳液的方法包括使油包水乳液与包含元素周期表第II组和第III组元素的氢氧化物的水性胶体分散体接触，以及 混合物，然后将油包水乳液和含水胶体分散体混合，直到油包水乳液反转为水包油乳液。