摘要:
This method for producing silicon single crystals includes: growing a silicon single crystal by the Czochralski method while cooling at least part of the silicon single crystal under growth with a cooling member which circumferentially surrounds the silicon single crystal and has an inner contour that is coaxial with a pull axis, wherein an ambient gas in which the silicon single crystal is grown includes a hydrogen-atom-containing substance in gaseous form. This silicon single crystal is produced by the above method.
摘要:
A semiconductor device includes: memory blocks each having groups of memory cells that are connected to word lines; select gates for selecting the groups of memory cells; and an apply circuit that applies, at the time of reading data, a back bias to the select gates of unselected memory blocks.
摘要:
An ink jet recording head having improved printing performance and improved manufacturing efficiency, a manufacturing method of the ink jet recording head, and an ink jet recording device. A head chip in which nozzles for jetting ink droplets are formed is fitted in an opening of an ink manifold via rubber sealing members, and the chip is exposed to the interior of ink supply chambers. Thus, the chip is efficiently cooled by the ink, and the temperature of the ink can be controlled so as to be within a predetermined range. Accordingly, no heat sink is necessary, and as a result, the head is easily manufactured and made compact. Since the chip is fitted in the manifold opening via the sealing members, application of an adhesive and curing time are unnecessary. Thus, manufacturing efficiency is improved.
摘要:
A silicon wafer characterized in that the laser scattering tomography defect occurrence region accounts for at least 80% of the wafer surface area and that the laser scattering tomography defects have a mean size of not more than 0.1 &mgr;m, with the density of those defects which exceed 0.1 &mgr;m in size being not more than 1×105 cm−3, and wafers derived from this wafer as the raw material by heat treatment for oxide precipitate formation, by heat treatment for denuded layer formation or by epitaxial layer formation on the surface are useful as semiconductor materials.
摘要翻译:一种硅晶片,其特征在于,激光散射层析成像缺陷发生区域占晶片表面积的至少80%,并且激光散射层析成像缺陷的平均尺寸不大于0.1μm,其中这些缺陷的密度超过 0.1μm大小不大于1×10 5 cm -3,通过热处理形成氧化物沉淀物的原料,通过热处理,在表面上形成剥离层或通过外延层形成,从该晶片衍生的晶片可用作半导体 材料
摘要:
A scrambled transmission system for transmitting a digital data containing variable length coding conforming to a MPEG standard includes a scramble key generator for generating a scramble key at a timing of each GOP head. A GOP head detector detects each GOP head and causes the scramble key generator to refresh the scramble key. A seed generator generates a scramble seed based on said scramble key at a timing of each slice head. A slice head detector detects each slice head and causes the seed generator to refresh the scramble seed. A random number generator scrambles the digital data based on the scramble seed. A multiplexer embeds the scramble key in the extension.sub.-- and.sub.-- user.sub.-- data of the scrambled data.
摘要:
A transparent electrode, luminescent layer, back electrode are formed on one side of a first insulative substrate. A second insulative substrate is adhered to the first insulative substrate by an insulative adhesive. The back electrode is divided into two sub-electrodes. A pair of electrode pads are formed on the second insulative substrate so as to be opposed to at least respective parts of the sub-electrodes, and connected to those parts of the sub-electrodes by a conductive connector.
摘要:
The present invention provides cell lines capable of indefinite growth which are produced by transforming leukocytes isolated from peripheral blood of fish with a oncogene, a method of establishing the cell line, a method of recovering immunologically active substances from the culture of the cell lines. It has been difficult to maintain continuous cultures of fish leukocytes. The present invention provides cell lines capable of indefinite growth and a method of producing immunologically active substances, e.g., immunologically acitive substances, using these cell lines.
摘要:
A cross recess is provided at a fastening seat portion of a cylinder head in which exhaust port outlets are arranged in two rows and two in each row. A cross protrusion that is fittable to the cross recess is provided at a flange of an exhaust manifold. A gasket has a cross opening through which the cross protrusion is insertable. The exhaust manifold is fastened to the cylinder head by passing the cross protrusion of the flange of the exhaust manifold through the cross opening of the gasket and then fitting the cross protrusion to the cross recess of the fastening seat portion of the cylinder head.
摘要:
To improve the separation efficiency of a gas-liquid separator in the gas-liquid separator and an air conditioner, the gas-liquid separator having a vessel with an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe is arranged such that an exit end section of the inlet pipe is formed to be closed or to have a gap, an expanded end section having a width greater than the diameter of that portion of the inlet pipe which crosses a container of the gas-liquid separator is provided, and that a lateral hole is formed in a side face of the expanded end section. Refrigerant vapor and refrigerant liquid are efficiently separated from each other at the expanded end section, and this improves separation efficiency of the gas-liquid separator.
摘要:
A content distribution system distributes a content key and content use conditions for controlling a content use in a client apparatus to the client apparatus, via a communication channel, from either a multicast distribution server or a unicast distribution server. A content distribution management server determines by which distribution method to send the content key and content use conditions of each content according to an attribute of the content (a compression format, a compression ratio, a content holder, and the like). An encrypted content distribution server distributes only encrypted content whose content key and content use conditions are to be distributed by the unicast, and the multicast distribution server distributes encrypted content whose content key and content use conditions are superimposed by the multicast.