Edge emitting semiconductor laser comprising a waveguide
    52.
    发明授权
    Edge emitting semiconductor laser comprising a waveguide 有权
    包括波导的边缘发射半导体激光器

    公开(公告)号:US07813399B2

    公开(公告)日:2010-10-12

    申请号:US12240493

    申请日:2008-09-29

    申请人: Wolfgang Schmid

    发明人: Wolfgang Schmid

    IPC分类号: H01S5/00

    摘要: In an edge emitting semiconductor laser comprising an active layer (3) that generates laser radiation (13) and is embedded into a first waveguide layer (1), wherein the first waveguide layer (1) is arranged between a first cladding layer (4) and a second cladding layer (5) and is delimited by side facets (9) of the semiconductor laser in a lateral direction, a second waveguide layer (2), into which no active layer is embedded, adjoins the second cladding layer (5), the second waveguide layer (2) being optically coupled to the first waveguide layer (1) at least in partial regions (10, 11), and a third cladding layer (6) is arranged at a side of the second waveguide layer (2) that is remote from the first waveguide layer (1).

    摘要翻译: 在包括产生激光辐射(13)并嵌入第一波导层(1)的有源层(3)的边缘发射半导体激光器中,其中第一波导层(1)被布置在第一覆层(4) 和第二覆层(5),并且由横向方向的半导体激光器的侧面(9)界定,没有有源层嵌入的第二波导层(2)与第二覆层(5)相邻, ,所述第二波导层(2)至少在部分区域(10,11)中光耦合到所述第一波导层(1),并且第三覆层(6)布置在所述第二波导层(2)的一侧 ),其远离第一波导层(1)。

    Light-Emitting Diode Chip
    53.
    发明申请
    Light-Emitting Diode Chip 有权
    发光二极管芯片

    公开(公告)号:US20080142780A1

    公开(公告)日:2008-06-19

    申请号:US11578657

    申请日:2005-04-14

    IPC分类号: H01L29/06

    摘要: A thin-film light-emitting diode chip, in which the distance between a mirror layer (4) and a light-generating active zone (3) is set in such a way that a radiation emitted by the active zone (3) interferes with a light reflected from the mirror layer (4), the internal quantum efficiency of the active zone (3) being influenced by this interference and the emission characteristic of the active zone (3) of at least one preferred direction thereby being obtained.

    摘要翻译: 一种薄膜发光二极管芯片,其中镜面层(4)和发光活性区域(3)之间的距离被设置成使得由活性区域(3)发射的辐射干扰 从镜面层(4)反射的光,活性区域(3)的内部量子效率受到该干涉的影响,从而得到至少一个优选方向的有源区域(3)的发射特性。

    Hollow Piston Hammer Device with Air Equilibration and Idle Openings
    54.
    发明申请
    Hollow Piston Hammer Device with Air Equilibration and Idle Openings 失效
    空气平衡和空转的空心活塞锤装置

    公开(公告)号:US20080073096A1

    公开(公告)日:2008-03-27

    申请号:US11930839

    申请日:2007-10-31

    IPC分类号: B23B45/16 B21J5/00

    摘要: An air spring hammer device comprises a drive piston, moving axially back and forth, with a front face of hollow embodiment and a hammer piston moving in said hollow. A ventilation slot is embodied in a guide wall of the drive piston. The drive piston may be guided in a guide tube. The guide tube comprises several idle openings. A moving control element is arranged on the exterior of the guide tube, in which control openings, corresponding to the idle openings, are provided. In an idle operating mode, the control element is in an open position, via which the ventilation slot, the idle openings and the control openings can be brought into connection with the environment.

    摘要翻译: 空气弹簧锤装置包括驱动活塞,其轴向前后移动,中空实施例的前表面和在所述中空部中移动的锤塞活塞。 在驱动活塞的引导壁中具有通风槽。 驱动活塞可以在导管中被引导。 导管包括若干空闲开口。 移动控制元件设置在引导管的外部,其中提供对应于空闲开口的控制开口。 在空闲操作模式中,控制元件处于打开位置,通风槽,空闲开口和控制开口可通过该位置与环境相连。

    Proportional pressure adjustment valve
    56.
    发明授权
    Proportional pressure adjustment valve 失效
    比例压力调节阀

    公开(公告)号:US06904934B2

    公开(公告)日:2005-06-14

    申请号:US10239104

    申请日:2001-07-13

    CPC分类号: G05D16/2013 Y10T137/87217

    摘要: A proportional pressure adjustment valve is described which comprises one valve part with inlet and outlet openings (4) and at least one closing mechanism (7) for control of a valve (12), the same as a magnet part having one magnet core, one magnet coil and one displaceably disposed magnet armature. An actuating element (11) cooperates with the armature, actuating the spherical closing mechanism (7). The hydraulically active cross section of the valve (12) is essentially determined by the length of the valve (L), the diameter of the valve (D) and th diameter (d) of the part (13) of the actuating element (11) which penetrates into the valve. According to invention, the ratio of the length of the valve (L) to the diameter of the valve (d) is less than 2.0.

    摘要翻译: 描述了一种比例压力调节阀,其包括具有入口和出口(4)的一个阀部分和用于控制阀(12)的至少一个关闭机构(7),其与具有一个磁芯的磁体部分相同,一个磁体部分 磁体线圈和一个可置换位置的磁铁衔铁。 致动元件(11)与电枢配合,致动球形关闭机构(7)。 阀(12)的液压活动横截面基本上由阀(L)的长度,致动元件(11)的部件(13)的阀(D)的直径和直径(d)决定, )渗入阀门。 根据本发明,阀(L)的长度与阀(d)的直径的比率小于2.0。

    Method for detecting brightness signals from a multiplicity of light-sensitive sensor elements
    57.
    发明授权
    Method for detecting brightness signals from a multiplicity of light-sensitive sensor elements 失效
    用于从多个感光传感器元件检测亮度信号的方法

    公开(公告)号:US06850276B1

    公开(公告)日:2005-02-01

    申请号:US09616553

    申请日:2000-07-14

    摘要: A method is described for detecting brightness signals from a multiplicity of light-sensitive sensor elements, in particular CCD lines or arrays, in which the brightness signals are amplified in such a way that an A/D converter which digitizes the amplified brightness signals works in its permissible working range. For the brightness signal of a predetermined sensor element, the gain is reduced in steps, preferably in binary steps, from a maximum gain factor down to a working value at which the A/D converter works in the permissible working range. For each following sensor element, the working value of the respective preceding sensor element is used as the maximum gain factor. The number of changeover operations of the amplifier is considerably reduced and thus the detection time is shortened.

    摘要翻译: 描述了一种用于从多个感光传感器元件,特别是CCD线或阵列中检测亮度信号的方法,其中亮度信号被放大,使得将放大的亮度信号数字化的A / D转换器工作在 其允许工作范围。 对于预定传感器元件的亮度信号,将增益从最大增益因数降低到在允许工作范围内工作的工作值的步骤中,优选以二进制步长减小。 对于每个下一个传感器元件,将各自的前一个传感器元件的工作值用作最大增益因子。 放大器的切换次数显着减少,检测时间缩短。

    Method for data transmission
    58.
    发明授权
    Method for data transmission 失效
    数据传输方法

    公开(公告)号:US06690733B1

    公开(公告)日:2004-02-10

    申请号:US09460219

    申请日:1999-12-13

    IPC分类号: H04L2700

    摘要: In a method for data transmission in which the binary original data (D0, . . . , Dm) is transferred from a transmitter to a unit of a receiver (1), selected preferably by means of a binary base address (A0, . . . , An), preferably to a register (80, . . . , 87), where the original data (D0, . . . , Dm) and preferably also the base address (A0, . . . , An) are transmitted through one or several data lines, the inverted original data (inversion data) (D0′, . . . , Dm′) and preferably also the complementary base address (complementary address) (A0′, . . . , An′, Ak) are transmitted by the transmitter. The transmitted inversion data (D0′, . . . , Dm′) and preferably the transmitted complementary address (A0′, . . . , An′, Ak) are inverted in the receiver, the transmitted base address (A0, . . . , An) and the transmitted original data (D0, . . . , Dm) are compared with the inverted complementary address (A0′, . . . , An′) and the inverted inversion data (D0′, . . . , Dm′) bit serially (0, . . . , n) and (0, . . . , m) respectively in each case, or instead of inversion and subsequent comparison an EXOR operation is performed on the base address (A0, . . . , An) and (D0, . . . , Dm) with complementary address (A0′, . . . , An′) and inversion data (D0′, . . . , Dm′). The transmitted original data (D0, . . . , Dm) is transferred to the unit selected by means of the transmitted base address (A0, . . . , An) only if all bit for bit comparisons result in agreement. This ensures error-free data transmission. The method and the circuit arrangement are used in particular for data transmission in vehicle occupant protection system s between a central unit and vehicle occupant protection devices.

    摘要翻译: 在用于数据传输的方法中,二进制原始数据(D0,...,Dm)从发射机传送到接收机(1)的单元,优选地通过二进制基地址(A0,..., 优选地到寄存器(80,...,87),其中原始数据(D0,...,Dm)以及优选地也是基地址(A0,...,An)被传送通过 一个或多个数据线,反相原始数据(反转数据)(D0',...,Dm')以及优选地也是补充基址(互补地址)(A0',...,An',Ak) 发送的反向数据(D0',...,Dm')优选地是传输的互补地址(A0',...,An',Ak)在接收机中被反转,发送的基地址 A0,...,An)和发送的原始数据(D0,...,Dm)与反向互补地址(A0',...,An')和反向反转数据(D0',...)进行比较。 ...,Dm')位串行(0,。 。 。 ,n)和(0,...,m),或者代替反转和随后的比较,对基地址(A0,...,An)和(D0,...)执行EXOR操作。 ,Dm),具有互补地址(A0',...,An')和反转数据(D0',...,Dm')。 发送的原始数据(D0,...,Dm)只有在比特比较的所有比特结果一致的情况下才被传送到通过发送的基地址(A0,...,An)选择的单元。 这确保了无错误的数据传输。该方法和电路装置特别用于中央单元和车辆乘员保护装置之间的车辆乘员保护系统中的数据传输。

    Process to evaluate cornering for an automatic gearbox
    59.
    发明授权
    Process to evaluate cornering for an automatic gearbox 有权
    评估自动变速箱转弯的过程

    公开(公告)号:US06259994B1

    公开(公告)日:2001-07-10

    申请号:US09180313

    申请日:1998-11-05

    IPC分类号: G01B300

    摘要: A process for evaluation of cornering of a vehicle equipped with an automatic transmission by use of electronic transmission control device having a calculation unit, a micro-controller, a memory device and a control device for start up of a hydraulic transmission control device. During a first processing operation (S1), a transverse acceleration (a_Quer) of the vehicle is determined by the calculation unit (30) from wheel speed (n_Rad) of the vehicle measured by a measuring device (34). During a second processing operation (S2), a driver-type theoretical value (FT_Soll) is determined from a vehicle transverse acceleration (a_Quer) and a vehicle speed (v_F). A gear change characteristic line (SL) is determined, based upon an increment (INKR) between the driver-type theoretical value (FT_Soll) and a driver-type actual value (FT_Ist), from several gear change characteristic lines each one associated with a certain driver type or cornering style.

    摘要翻译: 一种用于通过使用具有计算单元,微控制器,存储装置和用于启动液压传动控制装置的控制装置的电子传动控制装置来评估装备有自动变速器的车辆的转弯的过程。 在第一处理操作(S1)期间,由计算单元(30)根据由测量装置(34)测量的车辆的车轮速度(n_Rad)来确定车辆的横向加速度(a_Quer)。 在第二处理操作(S2)期间,根据车辆横向加速度(a_Quer)和车速(v_F)确定驾驶员型理论值(FT_Soll)。 基于驱动器型理论值(FT_Soll)和驾驶员型实际值(FT_Ist)之间的增量(INKR),从与各个变速特性线相关联的几个档位变化特性线确定变速特性线(SL) 某些司机类型或转弯风格。

    Process to evaluate start-up for an automatic gearbox
    60.
    发明授权
    Process to evaluate start-up for an automatic gearbox 有权
    评估自动变速箱启动的过程

    公开(公告)号:US06205388B1

    公开(公告)日:2001-03-20

    申请号:US09171895

    申请日:1998-10-28

    IPC分类号: B60K4104

    摘要: The invention relates to a process to evaluate start-up for an automatic vehicle gearbox, said process having the following steps: 1) a signal associated with an engine torque (M_M) or an engine speed (n_M) is emitted from an engine control device (27), and a signal associated with a torque (M_T) or a speed (n_T) of the turbine shaft (18) is emitted at the electronic gear control unit (11) by a measuring device (24) on a turbine shaft (18) of a converter (2) of the automatic gearbox (1); 2) the electronic gearbox control unit (11) determines a maximum value (Max) from time-related differences (DIFF(t)) between the engine torque (M_M) and the torque (M_T) of the turbine shaft (18) or the difference (DIFF(t)) between the engine speed (n_M) and the speed (n_T) of the turbine shaft (18); 3) a gear-change characteristic (SL) characterising a particular start-up style by comparing a theoretical driver-type value (FT_Soll_n) associated with the maximum (Max) with an actual driver-type value (FT_Ist) and the setting of a counter (39) is determined on the basis of the maximum value (Max) of the differences (DIFF(t)), said gear-change characteristic being meant to emit control signals to the hydraulic gearbox control unit (10).

    摘要翻译: 本发明涉及一种用于评估自动车辆变速箱起动的方法,所述过程具有以下步骤:1)与发动机扭矩(M_M)或发动机转速(n_M)相关联的信号从发动机控制装置 (27),并且与涡轮机轴(18)的转矩(M_T)或速度(n_T)相关联的信号通过涡轮机轴上的测量装置(24)在电子齿轮控制单元(11)处发射 自动变速箱(1)的转换器(2); 2)电子变速箱控制单元(11)根据发动机扭矩(M_M)与涡轮机轴(18)的扭矩(M_T)之间的时间相关差(DIFF(t))或者 发动机转速(n_M)与涡轮轴(18)的速度(n_T)之差(DIFF(t)); 3)通过将与最大值(Max)相关联的理论驱动器类型值(FT_Soll_n)与实际驱动器类型值(FT_Ist)进行比较来表征特定起动方式的变速特性(SL)和 基于差值(DIFF(t))的最大值(Max)来确定计数器(39),所述变速特性用于向液压变速箱控制单元(10)发出控制信号。