摘要:
A method is described for detecting brightness signals from a multiplicity of light-sensitive sensor elements, in particular CCD lines or arrays, in which the brightness signals are amplified in such a way that an A/D converter which digitizes the amplified brightness signals works in its permissible working range. For the brightness signal of a predetermined sensor element, the gain is reduced in steps, preferably in binary steps, from a maximum gain factor down to a working value at which the A/D converter works in the permissible working range. For each following sensor element, the working value of the respective preceding sensor element is used as the maximum gain factor. The number of changeover operations of the amplifier is considerably reduced and thus the detection time is shortened.
摘要:
Disclosed is a method for determining a pixel gray scale value image, particularly for a multi-dimensional image system. According to said method a first modulation signal (M1) which is emitted at the emitting end and is reflected on an object that is to be recorded is correlated with a second modulation signal (M2) and is recorded at the receiving end based on at least two correlation signals (Ua, Ub or Ia, Ib) that are proportional to the respective received first modulation signal (M1). One of said modulation signals (M1, M2) is phase shifted in several phase steps (ψk) at the emitting or receiving end and a differential signal (D) is determined for each phase step (ψk) based on the correlation signals (Ua, Ub or Ia, Ib,) and a pixel gray scale value (PGray) is determined based on said difference signal (D) independently of interfering signals.
摘要:
Disclosed is a method for determining a pixel gray scale value image, particularly for a multi-dimensional image system. According to said method a first modulation signal (M1) which is emitted at the emitting end and is reflected on an object that is to be recorded is correlated with a second modulation signal (M2) and is recorded at the receiving end based on at least two correlation signals (Ua, Ub or Ia, Ib) that are proportional to the respective received first modulation signal (M1). One of said modulation signals (M1, M2) is phase shifted in several phase steps (ψk) at the emitting or receiving end and a differential signal (D) is determined for each phase step (ψk) based on the correlation signals (Ua, Ub or Ia, Ib,) and a pixel gray scale value (PGray) is determined based on said difference signal (D) independently of interfering signals.
摘要:
A configuration for sealing a gap 38 between two mutually concentric machine parts 31, 36 which move relative to each other exhibits a sealing ring 10 in the groove 32 which is mounted in spatially fixed fashion in machine element 31. The machine element 36 moves relative to the machine element 31. The sealing ring 10 in accordance with the invention is flexible in response to radial and axial forces acting on the sealing ring. The pressure dependent deformation of the sealing ring 10 is reversible, i.e. the sealing ring 10 automatically returns to its original shape for decreased fluid pressure on the high pressure side H.
摘要:
An apparatus for removing skin from the bodies of body parts of slaughtered poultry is described. The apparatus comprises a skin entraining means (2) having a non-skid or "gripping" outer surface (13) and a pressing means (4) with a knife (3), which is arranged spaced from the outer surface (13) by a gap. An auxiliary conveying means is located above the knife (3) which consists of at least one rotary member (19, 20) driven in the opposite sense to the skin entraining means (2) and has a protruding helical web (21, 22) around its circumference.
摘要:
In a sealing system (1) between two mutually moving components (2, 3) for sealing a high pressure side (H) with respect to a low pressure side (N), a sealing configuration (9) is provided in a first annular groove (4) at the high pressure side and with one or more pressure relief elements (10a, 10b) being disposed in second annular grooves (14a, 14b) each pressure relief element (10a, 10b) having a second sealing ring (15a, 15b) with a flat pressure gradient. The hydrodynamic leak rate for each pressure relief element (10a, 10b) is chosen in such a fashion that a certain hydraulic pressure obtains in each intermediate region (Za, Zb). The sealing system in accordance with the invention (1) has, in addition to the hydro dynamic transport capability of the sealing rings (5, 15a, 15b), a hydrostatic relief capability by means of connecting channels (17a, 17b) provided in the pressure relief elements (10a, 10b) which act as check valves for pressure relief of an intermediate region (Zb) in the event of a rise in the intermediate region pressure above intermediate region pressure at the high pressure side of the next intermediate pressure region plus a corresponding pressure increase quantity (FIG. 2).
摘要:
In a U-cup based seal of a rod, the basic body of the U-cup 3 is recessed relative to a square cross-sectional shape in the region of a radially inner outer edge 18 on the low pressure side in order to obtain a space 17 between the U-cup 3 and the opening, i.e. the passage opening 16 of a sealing gap 15, leading into a rectangular groove 4 guiding the U-cup 3. This space 17 remains at least partially also upon pressurization such that the U-cup 3 complete remains in the groove 4 upon pressurization and is not extruded into the sealing gap 15. This considerably reduces wear of the U-cup 3. An inner surface 24 of the U-cup shows liquid dragging bore reliefs formed as recesses 25 in the inner surface 24 of the U-cup 3 for transferring hydraulic liquid, disposed on a surface of the translatory movable machine part 1, from a low-pressure side N of the U-cup to a high-pressure side H of the U-cup 3 upon translatory movement of the movable machine part 1. The recesses 25 each extend in an axial direction from the low pressure side N of the U-cup towards the inner sealing lip 7 and each recess is radially confined by side walls 26 which converge in the direction of the inner sealing lip such as to form an imaginary intersection located beyond the inner sealing lip 7 on the high-pressure side of the U-cup 3.
摘要:
In a seal assembly (1) for sealing a high-pressure side (H) in relation to a low-pressure side (N) with at least one relief bore or relief channel (6) for pressure relief, a sealing ring (2) and at least one pre-stressing element (3) are arranged in a groove space (5) between two machine parts (4a, 4b) that can be displaced towards one another in a translatory manner, in such a way that the pre-stressing element (3) tensions the sealing ring (2) with both a radial force component (210) and an axial force component (220), and the sealing ring (2) lies against the second machine part (4b) and the groove flank (51) on the low-pressure side by means of defined contact surfaces (20, 22).
摘要:
A high-pressure sealing arrangement is provided for sealing a gap (26) between two concentric machine parts (4, 5) which can be moved relative to each other, of which a first machine part (4) comprises a groove (3) and a second machine part (5) comprises an outer peripheral surface (7) opposite the groove (3). A sealing ring (1) of an extrusion-resistant material and a tensioning ring (2) of an elastomeric material are provided in the groove (3). A shaped section of the sealing ring (1) on the low-pressure side can be deflected towards the outer peripheral surface (7) under fluid pressure load. When the pressure decreases, the pressure-dependent deflection of the sealing ring (1) automatically returns towards the initial, unpressurized state of the sealing ring (1). The sealing ring (1), viewed in cross-section and in the unpressurized state, has a shaped sealing ring surface (6) facing the outer peripheral surface (7), which merges at least with respect to the shaped section on the low-pressure side, into a shoulder surface (13) separated from the outer peripheral surface (7) at a first separation d1, which merges into a shoulder surface (13) side surface (20) with a second, larger separation d2 from the outer peripheral surface (7).
摘要:
A rubber elastic sealing ring 13 is arranged between two concentric machine parts 11, 12 moved towards each other. The sealing ring 13 has a surface 22 that on the one hand ends in a dynamic sealing edge 21 and on the other hand extends to the low pressure side N. In addition, an outer peripheral surface 25 of the sealing ring 13 is inclined towards the bottom 18 of the groove in the non-compressed state of the sealing ring 13. Imaginary planes 35, 36 extend through the ring-shaped conical surfaces 22, 25. The imaginary planes 35, 36 are also conical ring-shaped surfaces that form an intersection line 37. The intersection line 37 is always located between one plane 34 (ring-shaped surface) and the peripheral surface 15 of the second machine part 12.