公开(公告)号：US20030223060A1

公开(公告)日：2003-12-04

申请号：US10063960

申请日：2002-05-30

Applicant: General Electric Company

Inventor： John Frederick Graf ,  Hongyi Zhou

IPC: G01J003/42

CPC classification number: G01J3/46 ,  G01J3/0251 ,  G01J3/463 ,  G01J3/504

Abstract: Method, system and computer product for formulating a bi-directional color match. In this disclosure, a computing unit obtains spectral measurements of a target bi-directional color. The computing unit uses a bi-directional color formulation tool determine a combination of pigments, dyes and platelet-shaped pigments that generates spectral measurements that match the spectral measurements of the target bi-directional color.

Abstract translation: 用于制定双向色彩匹配的方法，系统和计算机产品。 在本公开中，计算单元获得目标双向颜色的光谱测量。 计算单元使用双向颜色配方工具来确定产生与目标双向颜色的光谱测量相匹配的光谱测量的颜料，染料和血小板形颜料的组合。

公开(公告)号：US20010038453A1

公开(公告)日：2001-11-08

申请号：US09872365

申请日：2001-06-01

Inventor： Wayne D. Jung ,  Russell W. Jung ,  Alan R. Loudermilk

IPC: G01J003/51

CPC classification number: G01J3/51 ,  G01J1/06 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0218 ,  G01J3/0251 ,  G01J3/2803 ,  G01J3/508 ,  G01J3/513

Abstract: Optical characteristic measuring systems and methods such as for determining the color or other optical characteristics of teeth are disclosed. Perimeter receiver fiber optics preferably are spaced apart from a source fiber optic and receive light from the surface of the object/tooth being measured. Light from the perimeter fiber optics pass to a variety of filters. The system utilizes the perimeter receiver fiber optics to determine information regarding the height and angle of the probe with respect to the object/tooth being measured. Under processor control, the optical characteristics measurement may be made at a predetermined height and angle. Various color spectral photometer arrangements are disclosed. Translucency, fluorescence, gloss and/or surface texture data also may be obtained. Audio feedback may be provided to guide operator use of the system. The probe may have a removable or shielded tip for contamination prevention. A method of producing dental prostheses based on measured data also is disclosed. Measured data also may be stored and/or organized as part of a patient data base. Such methods and implements may be desirably utilized for purposes of detecting and preventing counterfeiting or the like. Low cost and small form factor spectrometers, and methods for manufacturing the same, also are disclosed.

Abstract translation: 公开了用于确定牙齿的颜色或其他光学特性的光学特性测量系统和方法。 周边接收机光纤优选地与源光纤间隔开，并且从被测量的物体/齿的表面接收光。 来自周边光纤的光通过各种滤光片。 该系统利用周边接收器光纤来确定关于探头相对于被测量物体/齿的高度和角度的信息。 在处理器控制下，可以以预定的高度和角度进行光学特性测量。 公开了各种颜色光谱光度计布置。 也可以获得半透明度，荧光，光泽度和/或表面纹理数据。 可以提供音频反馈以指导操作者使用该系统。 探头可能具有可移除或屏蔽的尖端，以防止污染。 还公开了一种基于测量数据生产牙科假体的方法。 测量的数据也可以存储和/或组织为患者数据库的一部分。 为了检测和防止伪造等目的，可以期望地使用这些方法和装置。 低成本和小尺寸光谱仪及其制造方法也被公开。

公开(公告)号：US06219140B1

公开(公告)日：2001-04-17

申请号：US09212991

申请日：1998-12-16

Applicant: Martin C. Kaplan

Inventor： Martin C. Kaplan

IPC: G01J351

CPC classification number: G01J3/51 ,  G01J3/0251 ,  G01J3/10 ,  G01J3/1804 ,  G01J3/502 ,  G01J3/513 ,  H04N1/486 ,  H04N1/603

Abstract: The invention discloses an apparatus for compensation for spectral fluctuation of a light source. Additionally the invention discloses a scanner incorporating the apparatus for compensation. A lamp generates light, which is sent into a light directing device. From the light directing device a sensor means and a spectral monitor means for determining the spectral content of the light from said lamp receive the light. A signal processing means receives the output from said spectral monitor means and said sensor means for producing a signal compensated for spectral fluctuations. A scanner, incorporating the inventive apparatus, additionally comprises a medium for scanning which is positioned between said sensor means and said light directing device and a lens is positioned between said medium for scanning and said sensor means, for imaging said medium onto said sensor means.

Abstract translation: 本发明公开了一种用于补偿光源的光谱波动的装置。 另外，本发明公开了一种结合了补偿装置的扫描仪。 灯产生光，其被发送到光导装置中。 从导光装置，传感器装置和用于确定来自所述灯的光的光谱含量的光谱监测装置接收光。 信号处理装置接收来自所述频谱监视装置和所述传感器装置的输出，用于产生补偿频谱波动的信号。 结合本发明的装置的扫描器还包括位于所述传感器装置和所述导光装置之间的用于扫描的介质，并且透镜位于所述用于扫描的介质和所述传感器装置之间，用于将所述介质成像到所述传感器装置上。

公开(公告)号：US06207956B1

公开(公告)日：2001-03-27

申请号：US09148011

申请日：1998-09-04

Applicant: Syed Tazul Dara

Inventor： Syed Tazul Dara

IPC: G01N2135

CPC classification number: G01N21/359 ,  G01J3/0251 ,  G01J3/50 ,  G01N21/3563

Abstract: The present invention discloses testing turfgrass samples in a spectrophotometer. The resulting color output is provided to a processor for determining the quantitative color scale. The resultant output of the processor might be a single number 1 through 9—depending on the relative “greenness” of the tested turfgrass. To determine the standardized number, the processor compares the received color output from the spectrophotometer to a first stored set of values. Additionally, the received color output can be compared to a second stored set of values to predictively determine if adjusting certain nutrients, water, fertilizer, etc. will result in beneficial or other desired results in the turf. The first and second stored set of values or data is empirically established. In addition, a sealed turfgrass sample as a check or calibration sample, in connection with the use of NIRS equipment to determine instrument performance. The daily use of sealed turfgrass check samples allows the operators to determine the instrument performance and monitor deterioration of the turfgrass check sample. The variability is then incorporated in the future calibration to improve the accuracy and the validity of the NIRS measurements.

Abstract translation: 本发明公开了在分光光度计中测试草坪草样品。 将所得到的颜色输出提供给用于确定定量色标的处理器。 处理器的合成输出可能是单个数字1到9，这取决于测试草坪草的相对“绿色​​度”。 为了确定标准化数字，处理器将从分光光度计接收的颜色输出与第一组存储值进行比较。 另外，所接收的颜色输出可以与第二组存储值进行比较，以预测确定调整某些营养物质，水，肥料等是否会导致草坪中有益或其他期望的结果。 第一和第二存储的值集合或数据经验地确定。 另外，将密封的草坪草样品作为检查或校准样品，与使用NIRS设备相关来确定仪器性能。 日常使用密封草坪草检查样品允许操作者确定仪器性能并监测草坪草样品的劣化。 然后将可变性并入未来的校准，以提高NIRS测量的准确性和有效性。

公开(公告)号：US5311292A

公开(公告)日：1994-05-10

申请号：US915599

申请日：1992-07-21

Applicant: Tatsumi Sato ,  Osamu Ando

Inventor： Tatsumi Sato ,  Osamu Ando

IPC: G01M11/00 ,  G01J3/08 ,  G01J3/50 ,  G01N21/25 ,  G01N21/27 ,  G01N21/31 ,  G01N21/59 ,  G01J3/46

CPC classification number: G01N21/25 ,  G01J3/0251 ,  G01J3/08 ,  G01J3/50 ,  G01N2021/3166 ,  G01N2201/065

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring color transmissivities of a color separation prism P includes (where the color separation prism P receives a measurement light S on an incident path and emits three color lights Sr, Sg and Sb on three exit paths of different directions): a photomultiplier 21 and an integrating sphere I for measuring an intensity of light entering the integrating sphere I on an entrance path, where the entrance path is set detached from an extension of the incident path; a first movable mirror 9 located in one of four paths including an extension of the incident path and the three exit paths for reflecting the light on each path to the second movable mirror 10; and a second movable mirror 10 placed on the entrance path of the integrating sphere I (with the photomultiplier 21) and oriented in one of four directions for reflecting the light from the first movable mirror 9 to the integrating sphere I. Because the 100%-transmission light and the three color lights transmitted through the color separation prism P undergo the same optical history, absolute transmissivities of the color lights can be measured, and the two-beam method can be used since the integrating sphere I is fixed.

Abstract translation: 用于测量分色棱镜P的颜色透射率的装置包括（其中分色棱镜P接收入射路径上的测量光S并在不同方向的三个出口处发射三色光Sr，Sg和Sb）：光电倍增管 21和用于测量在入射路径上进入积分球I的光的强度的积分球I，其中入射路径与入射路径的延伸部分离开; 第一可移动镜9，其位于包括入射路径的延伸部的四个路径中的一个中，以及用于将每条路径上的光反射到第二可移动镜10的三个出射路径; 以及放置在积分球I（与光电倍增管21）的入射路径上的第二可移动镜10，并且在四个方向中的一个方向上定向，以将来自第一可移动镜9的光反射到积分球I.由于100％ - 透射光和通过分色棱镜P透射的三色光经历相同的光学历史，可以测量彩色光的绝对透射率，并且可以使用双积分方法，因为积分球I是固定的。

公开(公告)号：US4968143A

公开(公告)日：1990-11-06

申请号：US331133

申请日：1989-03-31

Applicant: Allen Weston

Inventor： Allen Weston

IPC: G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/42 ,  G01J3/50 ,  G01N21/47

CPC classification number: G01N21/474 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0251 ,  G01J3/0272 ,  G01J3/0283 ,  G01J3/0291 ,  G01J3/50 ,  G01J3/502 ,  G01J2003/425 ,  G01N2201/0655

Abstract: A portable spectrophotometer is disclosed which is provided with a holding case accommodating opto-mechanical color-reading devices and an electronic control device provided with a microprocessor having data and program memories. The spectrophotometer further includes a power source which enables its self-sustained field use.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种便携式分光光度计，其具有容纳光机械彩色读取装置的保持盒和设置有具有数据和程序存储器的微处理器的电子控制装置。 分光光度计还包括使其能够自我维持现场使用的电源。

公开(公告)号：US4290699A

公开(公告)日：1981-09-22

申请号：US026928

申请日：1979-04-04

Applicant: Elbert M. Idelson

Inventor： Elbert M. Idelson

IPC: G01J3/46 ,  G01J3/50

CPC classification number: G01J3/50 ,  G01J3/0251 ,  G01J3/502 ,  G01J2003/467 ,  G01J3/463 ,  G01J3/51

Abstract: Color is synthesized by dispersing a beam of light to form a spectrum, effectively blocking a portion of the spectrum with a mask, and recombining the light energies of the unblocked portion(s) of the spectrum to synthesize the color.

Abstract translation: 通过分散光束以形成光谱，用掩模有效地阻挡光谱的一部分，并重新组合光谱的未阻挡部分的光能以合成颜色来合成颜色。

公开(公告)号：US4150898A

公开(公告)日：1979-04-24

申请号：US829460

申请日：1977-08-31

Applicant: Shigeru Suga

Inventor： Shigeru Suga

IPC: G01J3/10 ,  G01J3/51 ,  G02B5/20 ,  G01J3/46

CPC classification number: G01J3/10 ,  G01J3/0251 ,  G01J3/51 ,  G01J3/465

Abstract: In a colorimeter including a light source, a first quantity of light is directed toward a color sample and from the color sample toward a single photoelectric receiving and measuring device which is capable of measuring amounts of primaries or tristimulus values in quantities of light. A first carriage has mounted thereon an X primary filter, a Y primary filter and a Z primary filter, and such first carriage is reciprocable so that a selected primary filter may be positioned in front of the single photoelectric device. Adjacent the light source is mounted a second carriage which supports thereon an X primary filter mirror, a Y primary filter mirror and a Z primary filter mirror. The second carriage is reciprocable to position adjacent the light source a selected primary filter mirror corresponding to that primary filter positioned adjacent the photoelectric device. A second quantity of light from the light source is directed toward the selected primary filter mirror which reflects and changes the spectral characteristics of the second quantity of light. This second quantity of light is then directed toward the color sample and through the selected primary filter to the photoelectric device. Thus, the photoelectric device simultaneously receives two quantities of light and measures a resultant amount of the selected primary or tristimulus value therefrom.

Abstract translation: 在包括光源的色度计中，第一光量朝向彩色样本，并从彩色样本朝向能够测量光量的初级或三色值的单个光电接收和测量装置。 第一托架上安装有X一次过滤器，Y一次过滤器和Z一次过滤器，并且这样的第一托架可往复运动，使得所选择的一次过滤器可以位于单个光电器件的前面。 安装有邻近光源的第二支架，其上支撑有X一次过滤镜，Y一次过滤镜和Z一次过滤镜。 第二滑架可往复运动以使光源邻近定位在与光电装置相邻的初级滤光器对应的选定的一次滤光镜上。 来自光源的第二数量的光指向所选择的一次滤光镜，该反射镜反射并改变第二光量的光谱特性。 然后将第二数量的光引导到彩色样本并通过所选择的一次滤光器指向光电装置。 因此，光电装置同时接收两量光，并测量所选择的初级或三色值的合成量。

公开(公告)号：US3874799A

公开(公告)日：1975-04-01

申请号：US36609073

申请日：1973-06-01

Applicant: COLOR CONTROL INC

Inventor： ISAACS DAVID ,  FRIED DAVID L ,  AMEER GEORGE A

IPC: G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/46 ,  G01J3/34

CPC classification number: G01N21/474 ,  G01J3/0202 ,  G01J3/021 ,  G01J3/0251 ,  G01J3/2803

Abstract: Reflectance measurements of a color sample are made by employing a diffusing sphere having target ports for a color sample, a white standard and a black body. A mirror is mounted within the sphere for pivotal motion about the axis of an exit port to sequentially reflect light from the several targets along a common optical path into a polychrometer which disperses the received light into its spectrum and projects the spectra upon a sensor surface. The sensor may be in the form of an array of light-sensitive elements or the face of an image tube that is scanned or sampled at selected wave lengths of points of the spectrum to be employed in the reflectance measurement. For each sample point, the intensity of light reflected from the black body is subtracted from the intensity of light reflected from the sample and is also subtracted from the intensity of light reflected from the white standard to thereby correct both the sample and white standard measurement for both electrical and other noise of the system, and for stray light within the optical path that impinges upon the sensor surface. The ratios of intensities of the sample to the standard provide reflectance values that may be employed in various color measurements, including calculations of tristimulus values and chromaticity coordinates.

Abstract translation: 通过使用具有用于颜色样本，白色标准和黑体的目标端口的漫射球来进行颜色样本的反射率测量。 镜子安装在球体内，用于围绕出口的轴线枢转运动，以将来自多个目标的光沿着共同的光路顺序地反射到多光谱仪中，该光谱仪将接收的光分散到其光谱中并将光谱投影到传感器表面上。 传感器可以是光敏元件阵列的形式或者在反射率测量中要采用的频谱的所选波长的长度被扫描或采样的图像管的面。 对于每个采样点，从从样品反射的光的强度中减去从黑体反射的光的强度，并从白色标准反射的光的强度中减去，从而校正样本和白色标准测量 系统的电气和其他噪声，以及撞击传感器表面的光路内的杂散光。 样品的强度与标准的比率提供可用于各种颜色测量中的反射率值，包括三刺激值和色度坐标的计算。

公开(公告)号：US3600092A

公开(公告)日：1971-08-17

申请号：US3600092D

申请日：1967-07-17

Applicant: SUMITOMO CHEMICAL CO

Inventor： YUKIO MURATA

IPC: D06B23/28 ,  G01J1/26 ,  G01J3/50 ,  G01J3/46

CPC classification number: G01J3/50 ,  G01J1/26 ,  G01J3/0251 ,  G01J3/463 ,  G01J3/465 ,  G01J3/501

Abstract: A recording spectrophotometer for measuring the color density of a colored surface necessary for calculating a recipe of color matching based on a colorimetric method, characterized by an integrator capable of calculating density stimulus values of the three primary colors, and an output converter capable of converting the reflectance measured by a photometer to a physical value which is in proportion to the optical density.