公开(公告)号：US5909659A

公开(公告)日：1999-06-01

申请号：US807636

申请日：1997-02-27

Applicant: Shinya Fujita

Inventor： Shinya Fujita

IPC: G01J11/00

CPC classification number: G01J11/00

Abstract: The present invention is directed toward realizing a measurement method that enables finding the intensity waveform of optical short-pulse as well as the change in chirp frequency over time at a high resolution. Such a method involves irradiating an optical short-pulse that is to be measured at a delay time .tau. upon a first photoconductor that enters a conductive state when irradiated by light and upon a second photoconductor that enters a conductive state only when irradiated by light while the first photoconductor is in a conductive state. In this way, the autocorrelation waveform of optical short-pulse that is to be measured is found; the result F(.omega.) of a Fourier transform of the autocorrelation waveform of optical short-pulse to be measured is found; and this result is divided by the result of a Fourier transform of the cross-correlated waveform h.sub.12 (.tau.) of the impulse response waveform h.sub.1 (t) of the first photoconductor and the impulse response waveform h.sub.2 (t) of the second photoconductor to find the intensity power spectrum .vertline.I(.omega.).vertline..sup.2 from which the response characteristics of the photoconductors are eliminated, and finding short-pulse waveform from above-described .vertline.I(.omega.).vertline..sup.2 and field power spectrum .vertline.E(.omega.).vertline..sup.2.

Abstract translation: 本发明旨在实现能够以高分辨率找到光学短脉冲的强度波形以及啁啾频率随时间的变化的测量方法。 这样的方法包括在被光照射时进入导通状态的第一感光体和仅在光照射时进入导电状态的第二感光体上以延迟时间τT照射待测量的光学短脉冲，同时 第一光电导体处于导电状态。 以这种方式，找到要测量的光学短脉冲的自相关波形; 找到要测量的光短脉冲的自相关波形的傅里叶变换的结果F（ω）; 并且将该结果除以第一光电导体的脉冲响应波形h1（t）和第二感光体的脉冲响应波形h2（t）的互相关波形h12（τ）的傅立叶变换的结果，以找到 消除光电导体的响应特性的强度功率谱| I（ω）| 2，从上述| I（ω）| 2和场功率谱| E（ω）| 2找到短脉冲波形 。

公开(公告)号：US5786888A

公开(公告)日：1998-07-28

申请号：US931432

申请日：1997-09-16

Applicant: Mark T. Allen ,  Richard E. Preston ,  Christopher G. Simi

Inventor： Mark T. Allen ,  Richard E. Preston ,  Christopher G. Simi

IPC: G01J11/00 ,  G01J3/12

CPC classification number: G01J11/00

Abstract: Apparatus and a related method for detecting laser pulses and classifying em in accordance with their wavelength, irradiance level, shape and time of occurrence. Each pulse received from a selected field of regard (10) is detected in a high-speed broadband radiometer (12), which generates a corresponding electrical pulse that is used to form a triggering pulse to control a gated camera (24) coupled to a transmission grating spectrometer (22). The gated camera (24) has an inherent delay time before it becomes active after receiving a gating signal (30). To compensate for this delay, light from each laser pulse passes through a fiber image delay line (16) before reaching the transmission grating spectrometer (22). Output data signals from the camera (24) are processed (40) to reduce the effects of background noise and converted (42) to a quantity indicative of wavelength. The electrical pulse from the radiometer (12) is also used to generate additional quantities indicative of pulse shape, as well as to generate, in a thresholding circuit (34), the camera triggering signal and to generate, in another circuit (36), a camera gain control signal.

Abstract translation: 用于检测激光脉冲并根据其波长，辐照度，形状和发生时间对它们进行分类的装置和相关方法。 在高速宽带辐射计（12）中检测从所选择的视场（10）接收到的每个脉冲，其产生用于形成触发脉冲以对控制相连的门控摄像机（24）的对应电脉冲 透射光栅光谱仪（22）。 门控摄像机（24）在接收到选通信号（30）之后具有固有的延迟时间。 为了补偿该延迟，来自每个激光脉冲的光在到达透射光栅光谱仪（22）之前通过光纤图像延迟线（16）。 处理来自摄像机（24）的输出数据信号（40）以减少背景噪声的影响并将其转换为指示波长的数量（42）。 来自辐射计（12）的电脉冲还用于产生指示脉冲形状的附加量，并且在阈值电路（34）中产生相机触发信号并在另一电路（36）中产生， 相机增益控制信号。

公开(公告)号：US5754324A

公开(公告)日：1998-05-19

申请号：US495686

申请日：1995-07-24

Applicant: Tore Arme Nielsen ,  Lars Bager Christensen ,  Stig H.o slashed.jberg-Jensen

Inventor： Tore Arme Nielsen ,  Lars Bager Christensen ,  Stig H.o slashed.jberg-Jensen

IPC: G01J11/00 ,  G01N21/17 ,  G01V8/10 ,  G01V8/12 ,  H04B10/10 ,  H04B10/105 ,  H04B10/22 ,  H04B10/00

CPC classification number: G01V8/12

Abstract: A method and apparatus for processing signals from light pulses for use in detecting the presence of objects that intrude between a light source and light receiver. Upon the receiver detecting light pulses emitted from the source, the emitted light pulses are modulated responsive to a modulation signal into an electro-optical signal path having successive periods. Each period has main, minimum and maximum pulses with the signal path providing a linear processing area having upper and lower amplitudes. Within the linear processing area an hysteresis range is set with upper and lower detection levels. Detection is disabled for those light pulses having amplitudes which are above or below the respective upper and lower detection levels. The linear processing area has an offset amplitude and the main pulse is controlled to have an amplitude which is a function of the offset amplitude.

Abstract translation: PCT No.PCT / DK94 / 00042 Sec。 371日期1995年7月24日 102（e）日期1995年7月24日PCT 1994年1月24日PCT公布。 第WO94 / 17430号公报 日期1994年8月4日一种用于处理来自光脉冲的信号用于检测入射在光源和光接收器之间的物体的存在的方法和装置。 在接收器检测从源发射的光脉冲时，响应于调制信号将发射的光脉冲调制成具有连续周期的电光信号路径。 每个周期具有主，最小和最大脉冲，信号路径提供具有上和下振幅的线性处理区域。 在线性处理区域内，通过上下检测电平设定滞后范围。 对于具有高于或低于相应的上和下检测电平的幅度的那些光脉冲，检测被禁用。 线性处理区域具有偏移幅度，并且主脉冲被控制为具有作为偏移幅度的函数的幅度。

公开(公告)号：US5591962A

公开(公告)日：1997-01-07

申请号：US498984

申请日：1995-07-06

Applicant: Musubu Koishi ,  Akira Takeshima ,  Mitsunori Nishizawa

Inventor： Musubu Koishi ,  Akira Takeshima ,  Mitsunori Nishizawa

IPC: G01R23/16 ,  G01J1/44 ,  G01J11/00 ,  G01R23/14 ,  G01R25/00 ,  H01J40/14

CPC classification number: H04B10/60

Abstract: A photoconductive photodetector to which a modulation voltage signal having a predetermined frequency is applied receives a signal to be measured (I.sub.I) while adjusting the phase of a modulation signal by a phase shifter. A current-to-voltage conversion unit extracts a DC component of a current signal generated at the photoconductive photodetector in correspondence with the intensity of a predetermined frequency component of the signal to be measured (I.sub.I) as a voltage signal. The maximum value of DC voltage values (V.sub.O) obtained in every setting operation of a phase adjustment value is identified. The maximum value corresponds a case in which the modulation voltage signal and the predetermined frequency component of the signal to be measured (I.sub.I) are in phase. The intensity of the predetermined frequency component of the signal to be measured (I.sub.I) is calculated. As a result, a high-speed phenomenon can be measured with a high precision.

Abstract translation: 施加了具有预定频率的调制电压信号的光电导光电检测器在通过移相器调节调制信号的相位的同时接收待测信号（II）。 电流 - 电压转换单元将在光电导光电检测器处产生的电流信号的DC分量与要测量的信号（II）的预定频率分量的强度相对应地提取为电压信号。 识别在相位调整值的各设定动作中得到的直流电压值（VO）的最大值。 最大值对应于待测信号（II）的调制电压信号和预定频率分量同相的情况。 计算要测量的信号（II）的预定频率分量的强度。 结果，可以高精度地测量高速现象。

公开(公告)号：US5555119A

公开(公告)日：1996-09-10

申请号：US244929

申请日：1994-07-06

Applicant: Meirion F. Lewis

Inventor： Meirion F. Lewis

IPC: G01J11/00 ,  G01R13/34 ,  H04B10/04 ,  H04B10/06

CPC classification number: G01R13/347

Abstract: A device and a process for enabling an incident wide bandwidth (greater than about 1 GHz) short duration (less than about 10 microseconds) individual pulse of electromagnetic radiation to be digitally sampled at a sampling rate that is achievable by available digital sampling circuits. The incident pulse is modulated onto an optical signal to form a modulated optical signal and the whole, or successive or randomly selected parts, of the modulated optical signal are replicated using optical time delay means. The resulting plurality of modulated optical signal representations of the whole or parts of the incident pulse can then be digitally sampled at a sampling rate which is reduced in proportion to the number of replications to obtain a complete digital representation of the incident pulse.

Abstract translation: PCT No.PCT / GB92 / 02318 Sec。 371日期：1994年7月6日 102（e）日期1994年7月6日PCT提交1992年12月14日PCT公布。 出版物WO93 / 13427 日期1993年7月8日一种用于使得能够以可通过可用的可获得的采样速率数字采样的电磁辐射的单个脉冲的短时间（大于约1GHz）的短时间（大于约1GHz）的入射宽带宽（小于约10微秒）的装置和处理 数字采样电路。 将入射脉冲调制到光信号上以形成调制光信号，并且使用光时延装置复制调制光信号的整体或连续或随机选择的部分。 然后可以以与复制次数成比例地减小以获得入射脉冲的完整数字表示的采样率数字采样所得到的入射脉冲的全部或部分的调制光信号表示。

公开(公告)号：US5308971A

公开(公告)日：1994-05-03

申请号：US8478

申请日：1993-01-25

Applicant: Martin Pope ,  Alexandre Dourandin

Inventor： Martin Pope ,  Alexandre Dourandin

IPC: G01J11/00 ,  G04F13/02 ,  H01J40/14

CPC classification number: G01J11/00 ,  G04F13/02

Abstract: Method and apparatus for measuring the time of short events, such as characteristics of a source of short radiation pulses or lifetime of excited states of a sample. The method and apparatus is based on a multi-step photoemission process from an active element target exhibiting superlinear photoemission. A short prompt radiation pulse is used to raise electrons to an excited state, and a following overlapping short probe pulse is used to raise the excited electrons to the vacuum level where they leave the sample, changing its charge state. The number of escaped electrons is measured as a function of the time delay between the prompt and probe pulses to provide the sought after information. Preferably, the charged target is suspended or supported in an electric field, and the voltage needed to restore the charge-changed target to its original position is used.

Abstract translation: 用于测量短时间的时间的方法和装置，例如短辐射脉冲源的特征或样品的激发态的寿命。 该方法和装置基于表现出超级线性光电子发射的活性元素靶的多步光电子发射过程。 使用短暂的辐射脉冲将电子提升到激发态，并且使用以下重叠的短探针脉冲将激发的电子升高到它们离开样品的真空水平，从而改变其电荷状态。 测量逃逸电子的数量作为提示和探测脉冲之间的时间延迟的函数，以提供所追求的信息。 优选地，充电目标被悬挂或支撑在电场中，并且使用将电荷改变的目标恢复到其原始位置所需的电压。

公开(公告)号：US5233182A

公开(公告)日：1993-08-03

申请号：US729070

申请日：1991-07-12

Applicant: Gabor Szabo ,  Alexander Mueller ,  Zsolt Bor

Inventor： Gabor Szabo ,  Alexander Mueller ,  Zsolt Bor

IPC: G01J11/00

CPC classification number: G01J11/00

Abstract: For the acquisition of data for determining the duration and chirp (frequency modulation) of a single ultrashort laser radiation pulse said pulse is split into two partial pulses which are each conducted through one of two TREACY compressors having different group delay dispersions and then recorded in succession on the same time basis with a streak camera.

Abstract translation: 为了获取用于确定单个超短激光辐射脉冲的持续时间和啁啾（频率调制）的数据，所述脉冲被分成两个部分脉冲，每个部分脉冲通过具有不同组延迟分散的两个TREACY压缩机之一传导，然后连续记录 在同一时间基础上与条纹相机。

公开(公告)号：US5225884A

公开(公告)日：1993-07-06

申请号：US716667

申请日：1991-06-05

Applicant: Steven A. Stark ,  David Shen

Inventor： Steven A. Stark ,  David Shen

IPC: G01J11/00 ,  G01J1/02 ,  G01J1/18 ,  G01J1/42

CPC classification number: G01J1/02 ,  G01J1/0271 ,  G01J1/42 ,  G01J1/4257 ,  G01J11/00 ,  G01J2001/0285 ,  G01J2001/184 ,  G01J2001/4238

Abstract: System and method for analyzing pulses from an excimer laser by measuring light energy rather than heat energy. The output of the laser is monitored with a photodetector to provide electrical current pulses corresponding to the intensity of the light in individual ones of the laser pulses. The current pulses are integrated to provide voltages corresponding to the light energy of the laser pulses, and the voltages are converted to digital signals. The digital signals are accumulated during the exposure period to determine the total light energy of the pulses during that period and also during a shorter interval of time during the exposure period. The light energy for the interval is divided by the length of the interval to determine the average intensity of the pulses during the interval. Displays are provided for the light energy and the intensity of the pulses, as well as the length of the exposure period.

Abstract translation: 通过测量光能而不是热能来分析来自准分子激光器的脉冲的系统和方法。 用光电检测器监测激光器的输出，以提供与各个激光脉冲中的光的强度对应的电流脉冲。 电流脉冲被积分以提供与激光脉冲的光能相对应的电压，并将电压转换成数字信号。 数字信号在曝光期间被累积，以确定该期间脉冲的总光能以及曝光期间较短的时间间隔期间的总光能。 将间隔的光能除以间隔的长度，以确定间隔期间脉冲的平均强度。 提供了用于光能和脉冲强度的显示以及曝光周期的长度。

公开(公告)号：US5007717A

公开(公告)日：1991-04-16

申请号：US192577

申请日：1988-05-11

Applicant: Antonello Cutolo ,  Salvatore Solimeno ,  John M. J. Madey

Inventor： Antonello Cutolo ,  Salvatore Solimeno ,  John M. J. Madey

IPC: G01J1/42 ,  G01J9/00 ,  G01J11/00 ,  H01S3/00

CPC classification number: H01S3/0014 ,  G01J1/4257 ,  G01J11/00 ,  G01J2009/004

Abstract: A technique for the simultaneous measurement, in real time, of the changes in mode size, pulse length, and power of a wavetrain of laser pulses delivered by mode-locked or other pulsed laser systems contemplates directing respective portions of the beam along each of three beam paths. The beam portions along the first and second beam paths are subjected to respective, and different, degrees of focusing, and then passed through respective non-linear elements which generate radiation at the second harmonic. The first harmonic components are removed, and the second harmonic components are passed to respective first and second detectors which generate signals representative of the total second harmonic energy along each of the first and second beam paths. The beam portion along the third beam path is passed to a detector which generates a signal representative of the total energy in the beam pulse. The three signals are combined to give values proportional to peak power, pulse length, and mode size.

Abstract translation: 用于同时测量模式尺寸，脉冲长度以及通过锁模或其他脉冲激光系统传送的激光脉冲的波动的功率的实时测量的技术考虑将光束的各个部分沿三个 光束路径。 沿着第一和第二光束路径的光束部分经受相应且不同的聚焦度，然后通过在二次谐波处产生辐射的相应非线性元件。 第一谐波分量被去除，并且二次谐波分量被传递到相应的第一和第二检测器，其产生表示沿着第一和第二波束路径中的每一个的总二次谐波能量的信号。 沿着第三光束路径的光束部分被传递到检测器，该检测器产生表示光束脉冲中总能量的信号。 三个信号被组合以给出与峰值功率，脉冲长度和模式尺寸成比例的值。

公开(公告)号：US5003268A

公开(公告)日：1991-03-26

申请号：US342931

申请日：1989-04-25

Applicant: Yutaka Tsuchiya

Inventor： Yutaka Tsuchiya

IPC: G01J1/44 ,  G01J11/00 ,  G02F1/35 ,  H01S5/062 ,  H01S5/24 ,  H01S5/323 ,  H01S5/50

CPC classification number: H01S5/50 ,  G01J11/00 ,  H01S5/06213 ,  H01S5/24 ,  H01S5/32391

Abstract: An optical signal sampling apparatus for high-speed gating of an optical signal in the form of repetitive waveforms comprises an input optical path for introducing the optical signal to an optical amplifier; the optical amplifier whose gain is adjustable by a gating electrical signal, for amplifying the optical signal; a driving circuit for providing, in response to a sampling signal, the optical amplifier with the gating electrical signal having a series of pulses which are gradually shifted on a time axis with respect to the repetitive waveforms of the optical signal; and an output optical path for introducing an output optical signal from the optical amplifier.

Abstract translation: 用于以重复波形的形式高速选通光信号的光信号采样装置包括用于将光信号引入光放大器的输入光路; 增益可通过选通电信号调节的光放大器，用于放大光信号; 驱动电路，用于响应于采样信号，提供具有门控电信号的光放大器，该门控电信号具有相对于光信号的重复波形在时间轴上逐渐移位的一系列脉冲; 以及用于引入来自光放大器的输出光信号的输出光路。