Abstract:
An apparatus is described for measuring surface topography of a three-dimensional structure. In many embodiments, the apparatus is configured to focus each of a plurality of light beams to a respective fixed focal position relative to the apparatus. The apparatus measures a characteristic of each of a plurality of returned light beams that are generated by illuminating the three-dimensional structure with the light beams. The characteristic is measured for a plurality of different positions and/or orientations between the apparatus and the three-dimensional structure. Surface topography of the three-dimensional structure is determined based at least in part on the measured characteristic of the returned light beams for the plurality of different positions and/or orientations between the apparatus and the three-dimensional structure.
Abstract:
A system for determining surface topography of a three-dimensional structure is provided. The system can include an illumination unit configured to output a two-dimensional array of light beams each comprising a plurality of wavelengths. An optical assembly can focus the plurality of wavelengths of each light beam to a plurality of focal lengths so as to simultaneously illuminate the structure over a two-dimensional field of view. A detector and a processor are used to generate data representative of the surface topography of the three-dimensional structure based on the measured characteristics of the light reflected from the structure.
Abstract:
A probe head for dental confocal imaging, comprises a light-guiding part for guiding a light beam towards a teeth portion, the light-guiding part having an entrance face through which the light beam enters the light-guiding part and an exit face through which the light beam exits the light-guiding part, wherein the light-guiding part is configured, in case of a linearly polarized light beam having two polarization components being perpendicular to each other, to change polarization of the linearly polarized light beam on its path through the light-guiding part in such a way that one of the two polarization components, compared to the other of the two polarization components, is retarded by an odd multiple of a quarter of a wavelength of the light beam along the path from the entrance face to the exit face.
Abstract:
An apparatus for determining surface topography of a patient's teeth comprises a probe sized to be at least partially inserted into an intraoral cavity of the patient, a means for outputting light, and a light focusing assembly. The light focusing assembly comprises a first lens, a second lens and a focus changing assembly comprising one or more additional lenses that shares an optical axis with the first lens and the second lens and being configured to focus the light to a plurality of external focal planes to illuminate the patient's teeth, wherein the focus changing assembly has a movement gain factor, and wherein as a result of the movement gain factor a change in separation between lenses of the focus changing assembly by a first distance results in a change in a focus setting by a second distance that is 2-10 times greater than the first distance. The apparatus further comprises a means for measuring one or more characteristics of incident light returning from the illuminated patient's teeth and a means for generating data representative of a topography of the patient's teeth based on the one or more measured characteristics of the incident light returning from the illuminated patient's teeth.
Abstract:
An intraoral scanning system comprises an elongate handheld wand with a probe at a distal end, a structured light projector configured to project a uniform structured light pattern onto an object, a plurality of cameras configured to capture points of the uniform structured light pattern projected onto the object by the structured light projector, and one or more processors. The one or more processors are configured to determine a correspondence between projected points in the uniform structured light pattern generated by the structured light projector and captured points of the uniform structured light pattern captured by the plurality of cameras viewing the uniform structured light pattern projected onto the object, and to use triangulation and the determined correspondence to determine three-dimensional points in space associated with the captured points of the uniform structured light pattern captured by the plurality of cameras.
Abstract:
In embodiments, a system for scanning an intraoral cavity comprises an intraoral scanner to generate topographical scan data of the intraoral cavity and 2D image data of the intraoral cavity, and a processing unit operatively connected to the intraoral scanner. The processing unit is to: receive the topographical scan data and the 2D image data from the intraoral scanner; generate a 3D digital model of the intraoral cavity using the intraoral scan data; output the 3D digital model to a display; determine which portions of the intraoral cavity have been scanned; generate a visual indicator that provides guidance for positioning and orienting the field of view of the intraoral scanner; and output the visual indicator to the display.
Abstract:
Calibrating an intraoral scanner includes obtaining reference data of a reference three-dimensional (3D) representation of a calibration object and obtaining, based on the intraoral scanner being used by a user to scan the 3D calibration object, and from one or more device to real-world coordinate transformations of two-dimensional (2D) images of the 3D calibration object, measurement data. Calibrating the intraoral scanner further includes aligning the measurement data to the reference data to obtain alignment data and updating, based on the alignment data, said one or more transformations.
Abstract:
A dental scanning system comprises an intraoral scanner and one or more processors. The intraoral scanner comprises one or more light projectors configured to project a pattern (comprising a plurality of pattern features) on a surface of a dental object, and two or more cameras configured to acquire one or more sets of images, wherein each set of images comprises at least one image from each camera, and wherein each image includes at least a portion of the projected pattern. The processors are configured to determine one or more image features within each set of images, solve a correspondence problem within each set of images such that points in 3D space are determined based on the image features, wherein said points form a solution to the correspondence problem, and wherein the correspondence problem is solved for groups of pattern features, and generate a digital 3D representation of the dental object using the solution to the correspondence problem.
Abstract:
An intraoral scanner comprises a light source for generating light, an optics system for focusing the light, and a light-guiding part having an entrance and an exit. The light source, the optics system and the light-guiding part are arranged such that the light passes through the optics system, enters the light-guiding part via the entrance, and exits the light-guiding part via the exit. The optics system is configured such that, upon entering the light-guiding part, an outermost chief ray of the light with respect to an optical axis of the optics system is divergent to the optical axis and an outermost marginal ray of the light with respect to the optical axis is parallel or divergent to the optical axis.
Abstract:
An apparatus for determining surface topography of a patient's teeth comprises a probe sized to be at least partially inserted into an intraoral cavity of the patient, a light source to output light; and a light focusing assembly. The light focusing assembly comprises a first lens, a second lens and a focus changing assembly comprising one or more additional lenses that shares an optical axis with the first lens and the second lens and being configured to focus the light to a plurality of external focal planes to illuminate the patient's teeth, wherein the focus changing assembly has a movement gain factor, and wherein as a result of the movement gain factor a change in separation between lenses of the focus changing assembly by a first distance results in a change in a focus setting by a second distance that is 2-10 times greater than the first distance. The apparatus further comprises a detector configured to measure one or more characteristics of incident light returning from the illuminated patient's teeth and a processor coupled to the detector and configured to generate data representative of a topography of the patient's teeth based on the one or more measured characteristics of the incident light returning from the illuminated patient's teeth.