公开(公告)号：US20210131367A1

公开(公告)日：2021-05-06

申请号：US17147905

申请日：2021-01-13

Applicant: Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Inventor： Leslie Bromberg ,  Daniel R. Cohn ,  John B. Heywood

IPC: F02D41/00 ,  F02B47/04 ,  F02B51/00 ,  F02D19/08 ,  F02D19/12 ,  F02D35/02 ,  F02M25/14 ,  F02M37/00 ,  F02D19/06 ,  F02B17/00 ,  F02D13/02 ,  F02D41/04 ,  F02D41/30

Abstract: Fuel management system for enhanced operation of a spark ignition gasoline engine. Injectors inject an anti-knock agent such as ethanol directly into a cylinder. It is preferred that the direct injection occur after the inlet valve is closed. It is also preferred that stoichiometric operation with a three way catalyst be used to minimize emissions. In addition, it is also preferred that the anti-knock agents have a heat of vaporization per unit of combustion energy that is at least three times that of gasoline.

公开(公告)号：US20210131337A1

公开(公告)日：2021-05-06

申请号：US16638780

申请日：2018-08-21

Applicant: Massachusetts Institute Of Technology

Inventor： Leslie Bromberg ,  Daniel R. Cohn

IPC: F02B19/12 ,  F02D19/08

Abstract: Optimized alcohol and plasma enhanced prechambers for engines powered by gasoline and other fuels are used to increase the range of prechamber operation and to reduce soot. The increased prechamber capability is employed to extend the limit of lean operation of the engines. It can also be used to extend the limit of heavy EGR operation and to enable higher RPM operation. The amount of alcohol used in the prechamber is preferably less than 2% of the fuel that is used in the engine cylinder. The alcohol for the prechamber can be entirely provided by onboard separation from a gasoline-alcohol fuel mixture.

公开(公告)号：US10557423B2

公开(公告)日：2020-02-11

申请号：US16251658

申请日：2019-01-18

Applicant: Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Inventor： Leslie Bromberg ,  Daniel R. Cohn ,  John B. Heywood

IPC: F02D19/08 ,  F02D35/00 ,  F02D41/00 ,  F02B47/04 ,  F02B51/00 ,  F02D19/12 ,  F02D35/02 ,  F02M25/14 ,  F02M37/00 ,  F02D19/06 ,  F02B17/00 ,  F02D13/02 ,  F02D41/04 ,  F02D41/30

Abstract: Fuel management system for enhanced operation of a spark ignition gasoline engine. Injectors inject an anti-knock agent such as ethanol directly into a cylinder. It is preferred that the direct injection occur after the inlet valve is closed. It is also preferred that stoichiometric operation with a three way catalyst be used to minimize emissions. In addition, it is also preferred that the anti-knock agents have a heat of vaporization per unit of combustion energy that is at least three times that of gasoline.

公开(公告)号：US20190322953A1

公开(公告)日：2019-10-24

申请号：US16471077

申请日：2017-12-20

Applicant: Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Inventor： Emmanouil Kasseris ,  Leslie Bromberg

IPC: C10K3/00 ,  C10L1/02 ,  F23G5/027 ,  F02B43/08

Abstract: Internal combustion engines tolerant to tar-containing producer gas are disclosed. Two concepts are described. The engines are tolerant to producer gas from a biomass gasifier with minimal pretreatment. When biomass is gasified to be burned for power generation or to be used to synthesize chemicals such as biofuels, a large fraction of the installation cost is spent on equipment to clean up the heavy organic components (also referred to as ‘tars’) from the gas stream, hereafter referred to as ‘producer gas’. The invention described herein may be used to enable power generation from gasified biomass with minimal treatment. It may also be used to treat biomass at a very low cost for other uses such as synthesizing chemicals. The producer gas is not necessarily limited to biomass derived. Producer gas derived from coal or other sources has similar issues and the invention described herein would be equally applicable.

公开(公告)号：US20190048811A1

公开(公告)日：2019-02-14

申请号：US16170648

申请日：2018-10-25

Applicant: Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Inventor： Daniel R. Cohn ,  John B. Haywood ,  Leslie Bromberg

IPC: F02D41/00 ,  F02P5/04 ,  F02B47/04 ,  F02D41/30 ,  F02D35/02 ,  F02B17/00 ,  F02M25/00 ,  F02B47/00 ,  F02B7/00 ,  F02D19/08 ,  F02M25/14 ,  F02B51/00

CPC classification number: F02D41/0025 ,  F02B7/00 ,  F02B17/00 ,  F02B17/005 ,  F02B47/00 ,  F02B47/04 ,  F02B51/00 ,  F02D19/08 ,  F02D19/081 ,  F02D35/027 ,  F02D41/3094 ,  F02D2041/389 ,  F02D2200/1002 ,  F02M25/00 ,  F02M25/14 ,  F02P5/045 ,  Y02T10/148

Abstract: Fuel management system for efficient operation of a spark ignition gasoline engine. Injectors inject an anti-knock agent such as ethanol directly into a cylinder of the engine. A fuel management microprocessor system controls injection of the anti-knock agent so as to control knock and minimize that amount of the anti-knock agent that is used in a drive cycle. It is preferred that the anti-knock agent is ethanol. The use of ethanol can be further minimized by injection in a non-uniform manner within a cylinder. The ethanol injection suppresses knock so that higher compression ratio and/or engine downsizing from increased turbocharging or supercharging can be used to increase the efficiency or the engine.

公开(公告)号：US20180202375A1

公开(公告)日：2018-07-19

申请号：US15919175

申请日：2018-03-12

Applicant: Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Inventor： Leslie Bromberg ,  Daniel R. Cohn ,  John B. Heywood

IPC: F02D41/00 ,  F02M25/14 ,  F02D41/04 ,  F02D13/02 ,  F02D41/30 ,  F02B47/04

CPC classification number: F02D41/0025 ,  F02B17/005 ,  F02B47/04 ,  F02B51/00 ,  F02D13/0215 ,  F02D19/0636 ,  F02D19/0655 ,  F02D19/0665 ,  F02D19/0671 ,  F02D19/0689 ,  F02D19/0692 ,  F02D19/08 ,  F02D19/081 ,  F02D19/084 ,  F02D19/12 ,  F02D35/027 ,  F02D41/0007 ,  F02D41/047 ,  F02D41/3094 ,  F02D2200/0406 ,  F02D2200/1002 ,  F02M25/14 ,  F02M37/0088 ,  Y02T10/148 ,  Y02T10/36

Abstract: Fuel management system for enhanced operation of a spark ignition gasoline engine. Injectors inject an anti-knock agent such as ethanol directly into a cylinder. It is preferred that the direct injection occur after the inlet valve is closed. It is also preferred that stoichiometric operation with a three way catalyst be used to minimize emissions. In addition, it is also preferred that the anti-knock agents have a heat of vaporization per unit of combustion energy that is at least three times that of gasoline.

公开(公告)号：US20170191430A1

公开(公告)日：2017-07-06

申请号：US15463100

申请日：2017-03-20

Applicant: Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Inventor： Leslie Bromberg ,  Daniel R. Cohn ,  John B. Heywood

IPC: F02D41/00 ,  F02M25/14 ,  F02D41/04 ,  F02B47/04 ,  F02D41/30 ,  F02D13/02

CPC classification number: F02D41/0025 ,  F02B17/005 ,  F02B47/04 ,  F02B51/00 ,  F02D13/0215 ,  F02D19/0636 ,  F02D19/0655 ,  F02D19/0665 ,  F02D19/0671 ,  F02D19/0689 ,  F02D19/0692 ,  F02D19/08 ,  F02D19/081 ,  F02D19/084 ,  F02D19/12 ,  F02D35/027 ,  F02D41/0007 ,  F02D41/047 ,  F02D41/3094 ,  F02D2200/0406 ,  F02D2200/1002 ,  F02M25/14 ,  F02M37/0088 ,  Y02T10/148 ,  Y02T10/36

Abstract: Fuel management system for enhanced operation of a spark ignition gasoline engine. Injectors inject an anti-knock agent such as ethanol directly into a cylinder. It is preferred that the direct injection occur after the inlet valve is closed. It is also preferred that stoichiometric operation with a three way catalyst be used to minimize emissions. In addition, it is also preferred that the anti-knock agents have a heat of vaporization per unit of combustion energy that is at least three times that of gasoline.

公开(公告)号：US09615441B2

公开(公告)日：2017-04-04

申请号：US15161377

申请日：2016-05-23

Applicant: Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Inventor： Leslie Bromberg ,  Joseph V. Minervini ,  Alexey L. Radovinsky ,  Phillip C. Michael

IPC: H05H13/02 ,  H05H7/10 ,  H05H7/02 ,  H05H13/00

CPC classification number: H05H13/02 ,  H05H7/02 ,  H05H7/10 ,  H05H13/005 ,  H05H2007/025

Abstract: The invention specifies the use of feedback in the radio frequency (RF) drive for a synchrocyclotron, controlling the phase and/or amplitude of the accelerating field as a means to assure optimal acceleration of the beam, to increase the average beam current and to alter the beam orbit in order to allow appropriate extraction as the beam energy is varied. The effect of space charge is reduced by rapid acceleration and extraction of the beam, and the repetition rate of the pulses can be increased. Several means are presented to monitor the phase of the beam in synchrocyclotrons and to adjust the phase and amplitude of the RF to optimize the acceleration of the beam and to adjust the extraction and injection of the beam. Also, the use of a pulsed ion source that matches the acceptance window of the synchrocyclotron is described.

公开(公告)号：US08707913B2

公开(公告)日：2014-04-29

申请号：US13895713

申请日：2013-05-16

Applicant: Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Inventor： Daniel R. Cohn ,  Leslie Bromberg ,  John B. Heywood

IPC: F02B47/00 ,  F02B7/00 ,  F02M25/00

CPC classification number: F02D41/0025 ,  F02B7/00 ,  F02B17/00 ,  F02B17/005 ,  F02B47/00 ,  F02B47/04 ,  F02B51/00 ,  F02D19/08 ,  F02D19/081 ,  F02D35/027 ,  F02D41/3094 ,  F02D2041/389 ,  F02D2200/1002 ,  F02M25/00 ,  F02M25/14 ,  F02P5/045 ,  Y02T10/148

Abstract: Fuel management system for efficient operation of a spark ignition gasoline engine. Injectors inject an anti-knock agent such as ethanol directly into a cylinder of the engine. A fuel management microprocessor system controls injection of the anti-knock agent so as to control knock and minimize that amount of the anti-knock agent that is used in a drive cycle. It is preferred that the anti-knock agent is ethanol. The use of ethanol can be further minimized by injection in a non-uniform manner within a cylinder. The ethanol injection suppresses knock so that higher compression ratio and/or engine downsizing from increased turbocharging or supercharging can be used to increase the efficiency of the engine.

Abstract translation: 燃油管理系统，用于火花点火汽油机的高效运行。 注射器将诸如乙醇的抗爆剂直接注入发动机气缸。 燃料管理微处理器系统控制防爆剂的注射，以便控制爆震并使在驱动循环中使用的抗爆剂的量最小化。 抗爆剂优选为乙醇。 可以通过在气缸内以非均匀的方式注入来进一步使乙醇的使用最小化。 乙醇注入抑制爆震，从而可以使用增加涡轮增压或增压的较高的压缩比和/或发动机的小型化来提高发动机的效率。