摘要:
In an electronic throttle control system, a target intake pipe pressure as well as a presumed value for the intake pipe pressure is calculated, so that a deviation between the target value and the presumed value for the intake pipe pressure is calculated. The deviation is compensated in an advancing side by an amount corresponding to a delay of response in the throttle control system. An intake air amount passing through a throttle valve is calculated based on the above compensated deviation and a presumed intake air amount. A target opening degree of a throttle valve is finally calculated based on the above-calculated intake air amount passing through a throttle valve. Accordingly, a response and stability of the throttle control can be improved.
摘要:
To provide an information display device suitable for a portable terminal for displaying on a display screen images of actual printed pages. The information display device includes: storing means for storing various data and programs used to execute applications; controlling means for controlling program execution, data processing, and input/output devices; communication means for receiving image data and associated attribute data; inputting means for receiving event input generated by various operations; and displaying means for displaying the image data and attribute data on a display screen; wherein said information display device, when transmitting search data based on event input received by the inputting means, receiving XML data describing addresses and display positions of the corresponding image data and attribute data, and receiving and displaying the relevant image data and attribute data, the controlling means has prefetching means for storing image data associated with page changes from among the received image data constituting each page in a display region of the storing means based on a predetermined priority.
摘要:
A process for preparing 7-amino-3-[(E/Z)-2-(4-methylthiazol-5-yl)vinyl]-3-cephem-4-carboxylic acid of the formula (1) and an alkali metal salt thereof, said acid and said salt being improved in the content of 7-amino-3-[(Z)-2-(4-methylthiazol-5-yl)vinyl]-3-cephem-4-carboxylic acid of the formula (2) or an alkali metal salt thereof, the process being characterized in that an aqueous solution of an alkali metal salt of 7-amino-3-[(E/Z)-2-(4-methylthiazol-5-yl)vinyl]-3-cephem-4-carboxylic acid of the formula (1) is treated with a high porous polymer and/or active carbon as added thereto.
摘要:
The harness comprises a backplate, a plurality of belts and an attachment. The backplate is arranged on the back of the user. The plurality of belts is configured so that one end of each belt is connected to the backplate and another end of each belt is connected to each other on the front of the user. The attachment is supported by at least one of the backplate and the plurality of belts, and is configured to be attached to the power equipment. The backplate preferably comprises at least one ventilation groove formed on its inner surface and extending to the edge of the backplate, which allows air to pass between the user and backplate easily.
摘要:
The present invention provides a process whereby fluorine atom-containing sulfonyl fluoride compound(s) useful as e.g. materials for ion-exchange membranes, can be produced efficiently and at low cost without structural limitations while solving the difficulties in production. Namely, the present invention provides a process which comprises reacting XSO2RA-E1 (1) with RB-E2 (2) to form XSO2RA-E-RB (3), then reacting (3) with fluorine in a liquid phase to form FSO2RAF-EF-RBF (4), and further, decomposing the compound to obtain FSO2RAF-EF1 (5), wherein RA is a bivalent organic group, E1 is a monovalent reactive group, RB is a monovalent organic group, E2 is a monovalent reactive group which is reactive with E1, E is a bivalent connecting group formed by the reaction of E1 with E2, RAF is a bivalent organic group formed by the fluorination of RA, etc., RBF is the same group as RB, etc., EF is a bivalent connecting group formed by the fluorination of E, etc., EF1 is a monovalent group formed by the decomposition of EF, and X is a halogen atom.
摘要:
The present invention provides a process whereby fluorine atom-containing sulfonyl fluoride compound(s) useful as e.g. materials for ion-exchange membranes, can be produced efficiently and at low cost without structural limitations while solving the difficulties in production. Namely, the present invention provides a process which comprises reacting XSO2RA-E1 (1) with RB-E2 (2) to form XSO2RA-E-RB (3), then reacting (3) with fluorine in a liquid phase to form FSO2RAF-EF-RBF (4), and further, decomposing the compound to obtain FSO2RAF-EF1 (5), wherein RA is a bivalent organic group, E1 is a monovalent reactive group, RB is a monovalent organic group, E2 is a monovalent reactive group which is reactive with E1, E is a bivalent connecting group formed by the reaction of E1 with E2, RAF is a bivalent organic group formed by the fluorination of RA, etc., RBF is the same group as RB, etc., EF is a bivalent connecting group formed by the fluorination of E, etc., EF1 is a monovalent group formed by the decomposition of EF, and X is a halogen atom.
摘要:
A target throttle opening degree computing device of a control apparatus computes a target throttle opening degree of a throttle valve and includes a phase lead compensator. A filter filters the target throttle opening degree to provide an ultimate target throttle opening degree, which is used to drive a drive motor to adjust an opening degree of the throttle valve.
摘要:
A device for arranging images three-dimensionally in perspective as partially overlapping pages is disclosed so that a user can visually and intuitively manage the displayed images. The display image operating has means for manipulating a plurality of pre-stored images through buttons or a pointing device to select and display images. Image displaying means are provided for displaying on the same display screen in three-dimensional perspective a central first image group having a plurality of images arranged as pages overlapping sequentially from top to bottom, and second and third image groups disposed one on either side of the first image group at a prescribed distance therefrom and having a plurality of images arranged as fanned out pages overlapping sequentially from top to bottom with a portion of the images displayed on the display screen.
摘要:
Adamantane derivates which can be material compounds of a polymer excellent in etching resistance and having improved transmittance to light having a short wavelength, are produced by an economically advantageous process from readily available materials.A compound (10) is subjected to esterification reaction with a compound (11) to obtain a compound (12), which is subjected to fluorination in a liquid phase to obtain a compound (13), which is then subjected to hydrolysis or alcoholysis to obtain a compound (2), which is then reacted with a compound (15) thereby to obtain a compound (1). Here, A to J are —CFH— or —CF2—; RF is a perfluoroalkyl group or the like; X10 is F or the like; Y2 is H or OH; Y3 is H or RFCOO—; Y4 is H, F or RFCOO—; Y5 is H, F, RFCOO— or OH; Y0 is H, F, —OCOCR1═CH2 or OH: R1 is a hydrogen atom, a methyl group or the like; and X11 is OH or a halogen atom:
摘要:
Noise reduction is performed on the basis of characteristics of an image in a detection range. A noise reduction block 4′ performs a second-order differentiation process and a symmetry process to decide adjacent pixels with which noise reduction is preformed for an attention pixel. With the pixel level of the attention pixel in the detection range and the pixel levels of adjacent pixels used for noise reduction, an arithmetic mean processing section 16 calculates a mean value. A median filter 17 selects a median value. With the number of pixels used for noise reduction, it is determined whether the image in the detection range contains a flat portion, a ramp portion, or an edge. The mean value and the median value are weight-added with a weighted coefficient that are changed on the basis of characteristics of the image. The result is substituted for the level of the attention pixel. When the attention pixel is an isolated point, an all-pixel median filter section 31 selects a medium value of the levels of all the pixels in the detection range including the attention pixel and substitutes the median value for the level of the attention pixel.