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61.发明授权Process for the heat treatment of fine-grained iron ore and for the conversion of the heat treated iron ore to metallic iron 失效用于细粒铁矿石的热处理和热处理的铁矿石转化为金属铁的方法
公开(公告)号：US5560762A
公开(公告)日：1996-10-01
申请号：US385994
申请日：1995-02-09
申请人： Wolfgang Bresser , Martin Hirsch , Alpaydin Saatci
发明人： Wolfgang Bresser , Martin Hirsch , Alpaydin Saatci
CPC分类号： C21B13/00 , C21B13/0033 , C22B1/242 , C22B1/243 , Y02P10/136
摘要： Disclosed is a process for the heat treatment of fine-grained iron ore and for the conversion of the heat-treated iron ore to metallic iron, whereina) the fine iron ore is reacted with at least one binder to produce particles having a particle size of >0.1 to 5 mm,b) the particles according to process stage (a) are dried,c) the particles dried according to process stage (b) are heat-treated at a temperature of 700.degree. to 1100.degree. C., andd) the heat-treated particles are reacted to form metallic iron.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于细粒铁矿石的热处理和将热处理的铁矿石转化成金属铁的方法，其中a）细铁矿石与至少一种粘合剂反应以产生具有粒度的颗粒 > 0.1〜5mm，b）将工序（a）中的粒子干燥，c）按照工序（b）干燥的粒子在700〜1100℃的温度下进行热处理， d）热处理颗粒反应形成金属铁。
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62.发明授权Process for a direct reduction of iron oxide containing materials to form Fe.sub.3 C 失效用于直接还原含氧化铁的材料以形成Fe 3 C的方法
公开(公告)号：US5527379A
公开(公告)日：1996-06-18
申请号：US261257
申请日：1994-06-17
申请人： Martin Hirsch , Reza Husain , Alpaydin Saatci , Wolfgang Bresser
发明人： Martin Hirsch , Reza Husain , Alpaydin Saatci , Wolfgang Bresser
CPC分类号： C21B13/0033 , C21B13/14 , Y02P10/136 , Y02P10/216
摘要： In order to effect a reduction and a carburization to form Fe.sub.3 C to the highest possible degree in a relatively short time in an economical process, a treatment in two stages is effected in fluidized beds. The first stage is effected in a circulating fluidized bed system, in which the amount of solids circulated per hour is at least five times the weight of solids contained in the fluidized bed reactor and a major part of the iron content of the charge is pre-reduced. The remaining reduction and the partial or complete conversion to Fe.sub.3 C are effected in the second stage in a conventional fluidized bed. Water is condensed from the exhaust gas from the circulating fluidized bed system and that gas is strengthened by an addition of reducing gases and is reheated to the temperature which is required for the process. A part of the reheated recycle gas is supplied as a fluidizing gas to the conventional fluidized bed and the other part of the recycle gas is supplied as a fluidizing gas to the fluidized bed reactor of the circulating fluidized bed. The exhaust gas from the conventional fluidized bed is supplied as a secondary gas to the fluidized bed reactor of the circulating fluidized bed system.
摘要翻译： 为了在经济的方法中在相当短的时间内尽可能地最大程度地进行还原和渗碳以形成Fe 3 C，在流化床中进行两个阶段的处理。 第一阶段在循环流化床系统中实现，其中每小时循环的固体量至少为流化床反应器中所含固体重量的5倍，并且电荷的铁含量的主要部分是预先 减少 剩余的还原和部分或完全转化为Fe 3 C在常规流化床的第二阶段进行。 水从循环流化床系统的废气中冷凝，并且通过加入还原气体来加强气体，并将其再加热到该方法所需的温度。 再循环气体的一部分作为流化气体供给到常规流化床，另一部分循环气体作为流化气体供给到循环流化床的流化床反应器。 来自常规流化床的废气作为二次气体供应到循环流化床系统的流化床反应器。
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公开(公告)号：US5205350A
公开(公告)日：1993-04-27
申请号：US731490
申请日：1991-07-17
申请人： Martin Hirsch , Wolfgang Frank , Manfred Heil
发明人： Martin Hirsch , Wolfgang Frank , Manfred Heil
摘要： Disclosed is a process for cooling hot exhaust gases. The process gases are supplied to a stationary fluidized bed, which contains cooling elements and is contained in an annular trough. Fluidizing gas is supplied to the stationary fluidized bed through the permeable bottom of the trough. The hot process gas is passed through the central opening in the fluidized bed. Cooled solids flow from the fluidized bed across the inner rim of the trough into the process gas stream and are entrained by said stream into the dust-containing space over the top surface of the fluidized bed. The solids which are separated in the dust-containing space fall back into the annular fluidized bed, and the cooled gas which contains the remaining solids is supplied to a gas cooler, which is provided with cooling surfaces. The gas which leaves the upper portion of the gas cooler is fed to a solids separator and the separated solids are recycled to the stationary fluidized bed.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种冷却热废气的方法。 工艺气体被供应到固定的流化床，其包含冷却元件并且包含在环形槽中。 流化气体通过槽的可渗透底部供应到固定流化床。 热处理气体通过流化床中的中心开口。 冷却的固体物流从流化床穿过槽的内边缘进入工艺气流，并被所述物流夹带在流化床顶表面上的含尘空间中。 在含尘空间中分离的固体回落到环形流化床中，并且将含有剩余固体的冷却气体供应到具有冷却表面的气体冷却器。 离开气体冷却器的上部的气体被供给到固体分离器，并将分离的固体再循环到固定流化床。
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64.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4663132A
公开(公告)日：1987-05-05
申请号：US713433
申请日：1985-03-19
摘要： In a method of processing contaminated sodium oxalate which becomes available in a separating stage succeeding the digestion of bauxite in accordance with the Bayer process, chemicals used in the digesting process are recovered in that moist sodium oxalate which has been separated is dried with the hot exhaust gases from a rotary kiln jointly with aluminum hydroxide or aluminum oxide hydrate and/or reactive alumina at a mole ratio of aluminum to sodium of at least 0.8 and the dried product is decomposed in said rotary kiln at a temperature of 780.degree. to 1000.degree. C. to form sodium aluminate. Suitably drying is effected by spray drying in direct contact with the exhaust gases of the rotary kiln and decomposition is effected at a temperature in the range from 850.degree. to 950.degree. C. and with an Al:Na ratio not in excess of 1.2.
摘要翻译： 在根据拜耳方法处理铝矾土消化后的分离阶段中可用的污染草酸钠的方法中，回收用于消化过程中的化学物质，将已分离的潮湿草酸钠用热排出物干燥 与氢氧化铝或氧化铝水合物和/或活性氧化铝一起以铝与钠的摩尔比为至少为0.8的来自回转窑的气体和所述干燥产物在所述回转窑中在780℃至1000℃的温度下分解 以形成铝酸钠。 通过与回转窑的废气直接接触的喷雾干燥来适当地干燥，并且在850℃至950℃的温度和不超过1.2的Al:Na比中进行分解。
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65.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4643885A
公开(公告)日：1987-02-17
申请号：US713461
申请日：1985-03-19
摘要： In a method for processing contaminated sodium oxalate which becomes available in a separating stage succeeding the digestion of bauxite in accordance with the Bayer process, chemicals used in the digesting process are recovered in that the moist sodium oxalate which has been separated is dried with the hot exhaust gases from a fluidized bed, particularly a circulating fluidized bed, jointly with aluminum hydroxide or aluminum oxide hydrate and/or reactive alumina at a mole ratio of aluminum to sodium of at least 0.8 and the dried product is decomposed in said fluidized bed at a temperature of 780.degree. to 1000.degree. C. to form sodium aluminate. Suitably drying is effected by spray drying in direct contact with the exhaust gases of the fluidized bed and decomposition is effected at a temperature in the range from 850.degree. to 950.degree. C. and with an Al:Na mole ratio not in excess of 1.2.
摘要翻译： 在根据拜耳方法处理铝土矿消化后的分离阶段中可用的受污染的草酸钠的方法中，回收用于消化过程中的化学品，其中分离的湿草酸钠用热 来自流化床，特别是循环流化床的废气与氢氧化铝或氧化铝水合物和/或反应性氧化铝以铝至钠的摩尔比与至少为0.8一起，并且干燥产物在所述流化床中以 温度为780〜1000℃，形成铝酸钠。 通过与流化床的废气直接接触的喷雾干燥来适当干燥，并且在850℃至950℃的温度和不超过1.2的Al:Na摩尔比下进行分解。
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66.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4556402A
公开(公告)日：1985-12-03
申请号：US589602
申请日：1984-03-14
申请人： Paul Rudolph , Martin Hirsch
发明人： Paul Rudolph , Martin Hirsch
CPC分类号： C10J3/84 , C10J3/02 , C10J3/20 , C10J3/54 , C10J3/56 , C10J3/721 , C10J3/78 , C10J2300/093 , C10J2300/0956 , C10J2300/0959 , C10J2300/0969 , C10J2300/0976 , C10J2300/1884 , C10J2300/1892 , Y02P20/129
摘要： Coarse-grained fuels are gasified in a moving bed under a pressure of 5 to 150 bars with oxygen, water vapor and, if desired, carbon dioxide. The resulting product gas is at temperatures of 250.degree. to 700.degree. C. and is cooled to temperatures in the range from 120.degree. to 220.degree. C. to form an aqueous condensate, which contains distillation products and is known as gas liquor. The gas liquor obtained by the gasification in a moving bed is pressure-relieved to atmospheric or a higher pressure and the flashed-off vapor is supplied to the fluidized bed gasifier. In the fluidized bed gasifier, fine-grained solid fuels are gasified under a pressure which is lower than that in the moving bed.The flashed-off vapor supplied to the fluidized bed supplies at least one-half of the water vapor required for the gasification in the fluidized bed. The water vapor contained in the product gas formed by the gasification in the fluidized bed is cooled and the resulting condensate is treated separately from the gas liquor obtained by the gasification in a moving bed.
摘要翻译： 粗粉末燃料在5至150巴的压力下在氧气，水蒸汽和如果需要的情况下二氧化碳气化在移动床中。 所得产物气体在250-700℃的温度下冷却至120℃至220℃的温度，形成含有蒸馏产物的水性冷凝物，称为气液。 通过在移动床中气化获得的气体液体被压力释放到大气压或更高的压力，并将闪蒸的蒸气供应到流化床气化器。 在流化床气化炉中，细粒固体燃料在比移动床低的压力下气化。 供应到流化床的闪蒸蒸气供应流化床中气化所需的水蒸汽的至少一半。 将通过流化床中的气化形成的产物气体中所含的水蒸汽冷却，并将所得的冷凝物与在移动床中通过气化获得的气体液体分开处理。
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67.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4490168A
公开(公告)日：1984-12-25
申请号：US569710
申请日：1984-01-11
申请人： Lothar Formanek , Martin Hirsch , Wolfram Schnabel , Harry Serbent , Klaus-Dietrich Fritzsche , Heribert Koenig , Detmar Arlt
发明人： Lothar Formanek , Martin Hirsch , Wolfram Schnabel , Harry Serbent , Klaus-Dietrich Fritzsche , Heribert Koenig , Detmar Arlt
CPC分类号： C21C5/5252 , C21B13/12
摘要： Sponge iron produced by direct reduction is melted in an electric arc furnace, in which a pool of liquid metal is maintained. To ensure that liquid carbon-containing iron for forming the pool is available in adequate quantities and that the process can be carried out with the highest possible economy, the sponge iron is reacted in an electric arc furnace on a bath of liquid carbon-containing iron (hot metal), which has been produced from sponge iron or from partly reduced ore in an electric reducing furnace, and in dependence on the electric load changes which are due to the operation of the electric arc furnace the operation of the electric reducing furnace is so controlled that a virtually constant load on the electric power supply system is maintained.
摘要翻译： 通过直接还原生产的海绵铁在电弧炉中熔化，其中维持液态金属池。 为了确保用于形成池的液体含碳铁足够量并且可以以最高的经济性进行该过程，海绵铁在电弧炉中在含有液体的含碳铁的浴中反应 （铁水），其由电熨斗中的海绵铁或部分还原的矿石生产，并且根据电弧炉的运行导致的电负荷变化，电还原炉的运行是 因此被控制以保持电力供应系统上的几乎恒定的负载。
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68.发明授权Process for obtaining metal oxide and SO.sub.2 -containing gases essentially free of SO.sub.3 and H.sub.2 SO.sub.4 from ferrous sulphate containing salt 失效用于从含硫酸亚铁盐获得基本上不含SO 3和H 2 SO 4的金属氧化物和含SO 2的气体的方法
公开(公告)号：US4304759A
公开(公告)日：1981-12-08
申请号：US145561
申请日：1980-05-01
申请人： Georg Daradimos , Martin Hirsch , Lothar Reh , Jorg Thomas
发明人： Georg Daradimos , Martin Hirsch , Lothar Reh , Jorg Thomas
CPC分类号： C01G49/02 , Y10S423/02
摘要： The invention provides a process for thermally decomposing salts, containing mainly ferrous sulfate wherein said feed material is contacted in a single suspension-type exchanger with exhaust gases formed by reaction of the oxygen-containing gases in the fluidized bed reactor, the fluidizing gas and at least a partial stream of the secondary gas stream are heated by an indirect heat exchange in a fuel-heated heat exchanger, and the quantity of oxygen introduced via which consists of the fluidizing gas and the secondary gas, is controlled in dependence on the quantity of fuel in order to receive an exhaust gas from the suspension-type exchanger with a free oxygen content of 1-6% by volume and a temperature of 300.degree.-450.degree. C.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供了一种热分解盐的方法，其主要含有硫酸亚铁，其中所述进料在单一悬浮式交换器中与通过流化床反应器中的含氧气体，流化气体和 通过在燃料加热的热交换器中的间接热交换来加热第二气流的至少一部分流，并且通过流化气体和二次气体构成的氧气的量根据量 燃料，以从游离氧含量为1-6体积％，温度为300-450℃的悬浮型交换器中接收废气。
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公开(公告)号：US4096235A
公开(公告)日：1978-06-20
申请号：US731890
申请日：1976-10-13
摘要： This invention relates to a process of producing magnesia from magnesium-containing carbonate ores, which comprises leaching with sulfuric acid, subsequently neutralizing the solution with magnesia, separating the undissolved impurities, crystallizing magnesium sulfate under pressure and above 150.degree. C so the crystals have from 1.5 to 4 moles of water per magnesium sulfate molecule and thermally decomposing the latter to form magnesia and SO.sub.2, recovering sulfuric acid from the sulfur dioxide produced in the decomposing steps and recycling the sulfuric acid to the leaching stage.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种由含镁碳酸盐矿石生产氧化镁的方法，其中包括用硫酸浸出，随后用氧化镁中和溶液，分离未溶解的杂质，在压力和150℃以上使硫酸镁结晶，使晶体从 每个硫酸镁分子1.5至4摩尔水，并将其热分解形成氧化镁和SO 2，从分解步骤中产生的二氧化硫中回收硫酸并将硫酸再循环至浸出阶段。
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