公开(公告)号：US6100669A

公开(公告)日：2000-08-08

申请号：US228927

申请日：1999-01-12

申请人： Yoshitaka Tokita

发明人： Yoshitaka Tokita

IPC分类号： H02J7/10 ,  H02J7/00

CPC分类号： H02J7/0078

摘要： A method of detecting the full-condition of a secondary battery of the present invention integrates the amount of charge current with a microcomputer in an environment of the kind causing a charge current to vary. When the charge current falls, the method interrupts a charging operation until an adequate charge current flows. A charging device for practicing the above method is also disclosed.

摘要翻译： 本发明的二次电池的全状态的检测方法，在使充电电流的种类变化的环境中，集成了微电脑的充电电流量。 当充电电流下降时，该方法中断充电操作，直到充足的充电电流流动。 还公开了用于实施上述方法的充电装置。

公开(公告)号：US5883493A

公开(公告)日：1999-03-16

申请号：US841974

申请日：1997-04-08

申请人： Steven E. Koenck

发明人： Steven E. Koenck

IPC分类号： G01R31/36 ,  G06F1/26 ,  H01M2/10 ,  H01M2/20 ,  H01M6/50 ,  H01M10/42 ,  H01M10/48 ,  H02J7/00 ,  H02J9/06

CPC分类号： H01M6/505 ,  G01R31/3655 ,  G06F1/263 ,  H01M10/425 ,  H01M10/4257 ,  H01M10/48 ,  H01M2/1055 ,  H02J7/0004 ,  H02J7/0006 ,  H02J7/0011 ,  H02J7/0047 ,  H02J7/0068 ,  H02J7/0072 ,  H02J7/0073 ,  H02J7/0075 ,  H02J7/0077 ,  H02J7/0078 ,  H02J7/0091 ,  H02J7/0093 ,  H02J9/061 ,  G01R31/3624 ,  G01R31/3648 ,  G01R31/3675 ,  H01M2/20 ,  H01M6/5044 ,  Y10T29/49108

摘要： In an exemplary embodiment, a battery conditioning system monitors battery conditioning and includes a memory for storing data based thereon; for example, data may be stored representative of available battery capacity as measured during a deep discharge cycle. With a microprocessor monitoring battery operation of a portable unit, a measure of remaining battery capacity can be calculated and displayed. Where the microprocessor and battery conditioning system memory are permanently secured to the battery so as to receive operating power therefrom during storage and handling, the performance of a given battery in actual use can be accurately judged since the battery system can itself maintain a count of accumulated hours of use and other relevant parameters. In the case of a non-portable conditioning system, two-way communication may be established with a memory associated with the portable unit so that the portable unit can transmit to the conditioning system information concerning battery parameters (e.g. rated battery capacity) and/or battery usage (e.g. numbers of shallow discharge and recharge cycles), and after a conditioning operation, the conditioning system can transmit to the portable unit a measured value of battery capacity, for example. A battery pack having memory stores battery history and identifying data to be retrieved by a portable battery powered device. Battery status information may be utilized in conjunction with characteristic battery history data in order to optimize charging and discharging functions and to maximize the useful life of a battery pack.

公开(公告)号：US5739668A

公开(公告)日：1998-04-14

申请号：US721356

申请日：1996-09-26

申请人： Hidetaka Nishikiori

发明人： Hidetaka Nishikiori

IPC分类号： B60L11/18 ,  H01M10/44 ,  H02J7/00 ,  H01M10/46

CPC分类号： H02J7/0036 ,  H02J7/0078

摘要： A charging control unit 10 includes plug contacts 161, 162 and jack contacts 181, 182 for detecting connection of a charging plug 16 of a charger 12 to a receptacle 18, a current sensor 22 for detecting completion of charging from the charger 12 to a main battery 20, a main controller 26 for starting operation of a DC-to-DC converter 24 when connection of the charging plug 16 is detected by the plug contacts 161, 162 and the jack contacts 181, 182 and for terminating operation of the DC-to-DC converter 24 when completion of charging is detected by the current sensor 22, and a distribution circuit whereby operation of the DC-to-DC converter after completion of charging is finished.

摘要翻译： 充电控制单元10包括插头触点161,162和用于检测充电器12的充电插头16与插座18的连接的插座触头181,182，用于检测从充电器12到主充电器12的充电完成的电流传感器22 电池20，用于当插头触点161,162和插座触点181,182检测到充电插头16的连接时用于启动DC-DC转换器24的操作的主控制器26，并且用于终止DC- 由电流传感器22检测到充电完成时的直流到直流转换器24以及充电结束后的直流到直流转换器的动作结束的分配电路。

公开(公告)号：US5672951A

公开(公告)日：1997-09-30

申请号：US529396

申请日：1995-09-18

申请人： Hisashi Shiota

发明人： Hisashi Shiota

IPC分类号： G01R31/36 ,  H01M10/44 ,  H01M10/48 ,  H02J7/00 ,  H02J7/10 ,  H01M10/46

CPC分类号： G01R31/361 ,  G01R31/3662 ,  H02J7/0078 ,  H02J7/008

摘要： A technique for measuring battery characteristics comprises measuring a battery terminal voltage, a charge/discharge current and a charge/discharge time. The technique entails arithmetically determining an integrated power, an integrated charge quantity and an integrating time interval over a period extending from a start of a charge/discharge process to an end thereof, determining a mean terminal voltage by dividing the integrated power by the integrated charge quantity, determining a mean charge current by dividing the integrated charge quantity by the integrating time interval, determining a polarization resistance of the battery on the basis of the mean terminal voltage and the mean current by using a battery polarization resistance model, and finally determining an open-circuit voltage of the battery on the basis of the polarization resistance. The information culled from the above technique may be used to control a charge/discharge process and to predict the remaining life of the battery.

摘要翻译： 用于测量电池特性的技术包括测量电池端子电压，充电/放电电流和充电/放电时间。 该技术需要在从充电/放电过程开始到其结束的一段时间内算术确定集成电力，积分电荷量和积分时间间隔，通过将积分功率除以积分电荷来确定平均端电压 数量，通过将积分电荷量除以积分时间间隔来确定平均充电电流，通过使用电池极化电阻模型，基于平均端电压和平均电流确定电池的极化电阻，最后确定 基于极化电阻的电池的开路电压。 从上述技术中剔除的信息可用于控制充电/放电过程并预测电池的剩余寿命。

公开(公告)号：US5463305A

公开(公告)日：1995-10-31

申请号：US837650

申请日：1992-02-18

申请人： Steven E. Koenck

发明人： Steven E. Koenck

IPC分类号： G01R31/36 ,  G06F1/26 ,  H01M2/10 ,  H01M2/20 ,  H01M6/50 ,  H01M10/42 ,  H01M10/44 ,  H01M10/48 ,  H02J7/00 ,  H02J9/06 ,  H02J7/10

CPC分类号： H01M6/505 ,  G01R31/3655 ,  G06F1/263 ,  H01M10/425 ,  H01M10/4257 ,  H01M10/44 ,  H01M10/48 ,  H01M10/486 ,  H01M2/1055 ,  H02J7/0004 ,  H02J7/0006 ,  H02J7/0011 ,  H02J7/0047 ,  H02J7/0068 ,  H02J7/0072 ,  H02J7/0073 ,  H02J7/0075 ,  H02J7/0077 ,  H02J7/0078 ,  H02J7/0091 ,  H02J7/0093 ,  H02J9/061 ,  G01R31/3624 ,  G01R31/3648 ,  G01R31/3675 ,  H01M2/20 ,  H01M6/5044

摘要： In an exemplary fast charging system, a hand-held computerized terminal with rechargeable batteries therein may be bodily inserted into a charger receptacle. The terminal may have volatile memory and other components requiring load current during charging. The system may automatically identify battery type and progressively increase charging current while monitoring for an increase in battery terminal voltage to ascertain the level of load current. The battery temperature may be brought into a relationship to surrounding temperature such that by applying a suitable overcharge current value and observing any resultant temperature increase, the level of remaining battery charge can be determined. For example, if the battery is found to be relatively fully discharged, a relatively high fast-charge rate may be safely applied while monitoring battery temperature. If the battery is initially relatively fully charged or reaches such a state during fast charge, the system may automatically switch to a lower sustainable overcharge rate selected according to battery type and temperature. A preferred system may automatically recharge the battery of a portable device according to an optimum schedule of essentially maximum safe charging rates as a function of battery temperature. The system may also convert a regulated charging current to a pulsed and modulated waveform to provide efficient net charging to the battery. The source of charging current can optionally be placed outside the terminal housing to eliminate any heat dissipation effects of the current source.

摘要翻译： 在示例性的快速充电系统中，其中具有可再充电电池的手持式计算机化终端可以被身体插入充电器插座中。 终端可能具有易失性存储器和在充电期间需要负载电流的其他组件。 该系统可以自动识别电池类型并逐渐增加充电电流，同时监视电池端子电压的增加以确定负载电流的水平。 可以将电池温度与周围温度相关联，从而通过施加合适的过充电电流值并观察任何合成的温度升高，可以确定剩余电池电量的水平。 例如，如果发现电池相对完全放电，则可以在监测电池温度的同时安全地施加相对高的快速充电速率。 如果在快速充电期间电池最初相对完全充电或达到这种状态，则系统可以自动切换到根据电池类型和温度选择的较低的可持续过充电速率。 优选的系统可以根据作为电池温度的函数的基本上最大的安全充电速率的最佳时间表来自动地对便携式设备的电池进行再充电。 该系统还可以将调节的充电电流转换为脉冲和调制波形，以向电池提供有效的净充电。 充电电流源可以可选地放置在端子壳体外部，以消除电流源的任何散热效应。

公开(公告)号：US4845419A

公开(公告)日：1989-07-04

申请号：US107494

申请日：1987-10-06

申请人： David C. Hacker

发明人： David C. Hacker

IPC分类号： G01R31/36 ,  G06F1/26 ,  H01M2/10 ,  H01M2/20 ,  H01M6/50 ,  H01M10/42 ,  H01M10/48 ,  H02J7/00 ,  H02J9/06

CPC分类号： H01M6/505 ,  G01R31/3655 ,  G06F1/263 ,  H01M10/425 ,  H01M10/4257 ,  H01M10/48 ,  H01M2/1055 ,  H02J7/0004 ,  H02J7/0006 ,  H02J7/0011 ,  H02J7/0047 ,  H02J7/0068 ,  H02J7/0072 ,  H02J7/0073 ,  H02J7/0077 ,  H02J7/0078 ,  H02J7/0091 ,  H02J7/0093 ,  H02J9/061 ,  G01R31/3624 ,  G01R31/3675 ,  H01M2/20 ,  H01M6/5044 ,  Y10S320/16

摘要： In a system including volatile memory, a battery backed memory may be available for preserving data in the event of a power failure. Low power condition is reliably sensed sufficiently in advance of supply voltage falling below a minimum operating voltage range so as to give an adequate time interval, e.g. 2.5 milliseconds for the saving of application operating system status. By using a voltage regulator signal which switches in a particularly sensitive manner toward a saturation or zero state well outside its normal control range to trigger a low power signal, such low power signal may provide a time interval of, e.g. from three to six milliseconds of advance warning of impending supply voltage failure. The system is particularly useful for hand-held data processing systems with rechargeable batteries since the regulator may provide its regulator signal as a common control signal for regulating multiple supply paths, and may only trigger the low power signal when all of such supply paths approach a failure condition.

摘要翻译： 在包括易失性存储器的系统中，电池备份的存储器可用于在电源故障的情况下保存数据。 在供电电压低于最低工作电压范围之前，低功率条件被充分地可靠地检测，以便给出足够的时间间隔，例如， 2.5毫秒用于保存应用程序操作系统状态。 通过使用电压调节器信号，其以非常敏感的方式向正常控制范围之外的饱和或零状态转换以触发低功率信号，这样的低功率信号可以提供例如时间间隔。 从三到六毫秒提前警告即将发生的电源电压故障。 该系统对于具有可充电电池的手持式数据处理系统特别有用，因为调节器可以将其调节器信号提供为用于调节多个供应路径的公共控制信号，并且当所有这些供应路径接近时，可以仅触发低功率信号 故障状况。

公开(公告)号：US4709202A

公开(公告)日：1987-11-24

申请号：US876194

申请日：1986-06-19

申请人： Steven E. Koenck ,  David C. Hacker

发明人： Steven E. Koenck ,  David C. Hacker

IPC分类号： G01R31/36 ,  G06F1/26 ,  H01M2/10 ,  H01M2/20 ,  H01M6/50 ,  H01M10/42 ,  H01M10/44 ,  H01M10/48 ,  H02J7/00 ,  H02J9/06

CPC分类号： H01M6/505 ,  G01R31/3655 ,  G06F1/263 ,  H01M10/425 ,  H01M10/4257 ,  H01M10/44 ,  H01M10/48 ,  H01M2/1055 ,  H02J7/0004 ,  H02J7/0006 ,  H02J7/0011 ,  H02J7/0047 ,  H02J7/0068 ,  H02J7/0072 ,  H02J7/0073 ,  H02J7/0077 ,  H02J7/0078 ,  H02J7/0091 ,  H02J7/0093 ,  H02J9/061 ,  G01R31/3624 ,  G01R31/3675 ,  H01M2/20 ,  H01M6/5044 ,  Y10S320/16 ,  Y10S320/21

摘要： In an exemplary embodiment, a battery conditioning system monitors battery conditioning and includes a memory for storing data based thereon; for example, data may be stored representative of available battery capacity as measured during a deep discharge cycle. With a microprocessor monitoring battery operation of a portable unit, a measure of remaining battery capacity can be calculated and displayed. Where the microprocessor is permanently secured to the battery so as to receive operating power therefrom during storage and handling, the performance of a given battery in actual use can be accurately judged since the battery system can itself maintain a count of accumulated hours of use and other relevant parameters. Where an embodiment includes a main battery and a backup battery, the voltage of each may be individually measured, and each may be conditioned. Battery capacity of each may be measured. In a unique low voltage sensing circuit applicable to power sources generally, an automatic voltage regulator may itself sense a low power condition without requiring additional precision components. As an example only, such detected low power condition may be utilized to effect switch over to a backup battery or other auxiliary power supply.

摘要翻译： 在示例性实施例中，电池调节系统监视电池调节并且包括用于基于其存储数据的存储器; 例如，可以存储代表在深放电循环期间测量的可用电池容量的数据。 通过微处理器监视便携式设备的电池操作，可以计算和显示剩余电池容量的量度。 在微处理器永久地固定在电池上以便在存储和处理期间从其接收操作电力的情况下，可以准确地判断在实际使用中的给定电池的性能，因为电池系统本身可以维持累积的使用时间和其他 相关参数。 在实施例包括主电池和备用电池的情况下，可以单独地测量每个电池的电压，并且可以对每个电压进行调节。 可以测量每个电池的容量。 在通常适用于电源的独特的低压感测电路中，自动电压调节器本身可以感测低功率​​状况而不需要额外的精密元件。 仅作为示例，可以利用这种检测到的低功率状况来实现切换到备用电池或其他辅助电源。

公开(公告)号：US4679000A

公开(公告)日：1987-07-07

申请号：US746751

申请日：1985-06-20

申请人： Robert Clark

发明人： Robert Clark

IPC分类号： H02J7/00 ,  G01R11/00

CPC分类号： H02J7/0078

摘要： A bidirectional current-time integrator device comprises a shunt for connection in a circuit and an integrating circuit having inputs connected to opposite ends of the shunt through a switching device. The integrating circuit integrates an input signal from the shunt with time to produce a stream of pulses at a frequency proportional to the current with each pulse representing a given unit of current time. A bidirectional counter assembly counts the pulses from the integrating circuit in one direction when the current is in one direction, and in the opposite direction when the current reverses. The integrator circuit includes means for storing any partial unit of current time accumulated whenever the current direction changes and adding that partial unit to the subsequent accumulation of the signal when the current changes back to the original direction. The device may be used as a battery discharge state monitor.

摘要翻译： 双向电流时间积分器装置包括用于电路中的连接的分路和具有通过开关装置连接到分流器的相对端的输入的积分电路。 积分电路将来自分流器的输入信号与时间积分，以产生与电流成比例的频率的脉冲流，每个脉冲表示给定的当前时间单位。 当电流处于一个方向时，双向计数器组件对来自积分电路的脉冲在一个方向进行计数，并且当电流反向时，相反方向计数。 积分器电路包括用于存储每当当前方向改变时累积的当前时间的任何部分单位的装置，并且当该电流变回到原始方向时将该部分单元添加到信号的后续累积中。 该装置可以用作电池放电状态监视器。

公开(公告)号：US4583034A

公开(公告)日：1986-04-15

申请号：US630405

申请日：1984-07-13

申请人： Robert L. Martin

发明人： Robert L. Martin

IPC分类号： H02J7/00

CPC分类号： H02J7/0078 ,  Y10S320/13 ,  Y10S320/20 ,  Y10S320/21

摘要： A computer programmed battery control system responsive to current flow during charge and discharge conditions and comprised of a microcomputer and memory programmed to respond to current passing through a battery shunt; to determine charge condition, to govern shut-off point of charge, to indicate a bad battery or cell thereof, to warn of extreme discharge, to show and cope with power interrupts, to govern long term storage of batteries without overcharge, and to indicate ampere hours consumed between charges.

摘要翻译： 一种计算机编程的电池控制系统，其响应于在充电和放电条件下的电流流动，并且包括微处理器和被编程为响应于通过电池分流的电流的存储器; 确定充电状况，控制关闭点，指示电池或电池坏，警告极端放电，显示和处理电源中断，以管理电池的长期存储而不会过充电，并指示 费用之间消耗的安培小时数。

公开(公告)号：US4484130A

公开(公告)日：1984-11-20

申请号：US537978

申请日：1983-09-30

申请人： Michael W. Lowndes ,  Derek S. Adams ,  Neville J. Arlidge

发明人： Michael W. Lowndes ,  Derek S. Adams ,  Neville J. Arlidge

IPC分类号： G01R31/00 ,  G01R31/36 ,  H02J7/00 ,  H02J7/04

CPC分类号： B60L11/1853 ,  B60L11/1861 ,  B60L15/2045 ,  G01R31/362 ,  G01R31/3648 ,  H02J7/0078 ,  G01R31/006 ,  G01R31/3658 ,  Y02T10/645 ,  Y02T10/7016 ,  Y02T10/7044 ,  Y02T10/705 ,  Y02T10/72 ,  Y02T10/7283 ,  Y10S320/18 ,  Y10S320/21 ,  Y10S320/34

摘要： A microprocessor based electric vehicle traction battery monitoring system evaluates the state of charge, interfaces with a traction motor control system, and controls recharging. The state of charge is evaluated during the first part of discharge by integrating the current after compensating it for rate of discharge and during the last part of discharge by dividing the battery into sub-packs and evaluating the state of charge from the lowest sub-pack voltage compensated for polarization voltage. The charge storage capacity is also calculated from the lowest sub-pack voltage. The maximum traction motor current is progressively limited during the last part of discharge. During charging, the charge withdrawn is replaced while progressively reducing the charging current and the battery is then charged at a constant current until the rate of rise of the lowest sub-pack voltage falls below a fixed level.

摘要翻译： 基于微处理器的电动汽车牵引电池监控系统评估充电状态，与牵引电动机控制系统的接口，并控制充电。 在放电的第一部分期间，通过对放电速率进行补偿后的电流以及在放电的最后部分期间对电流进行积分来评估充电状态，将电池分为子组件并从最低子组件评估充电状态 电压补偿极化电压。 电荷存储容量也由最低子组电压计算。 在最后一部分放电过程中，最大牵引电动机电流逐渐受到限制。 在充电期间，取代电荷，同时逐渐减小充电电流，然后以恒定电流对电池充电直到最低子组件电压的上升速率降到固定水平以下。