公开(公告)号：US07449963B2

公开(公告)日：2008-11-11

申请号：US11754804

申请日：2007-05-29

Applicant: Ramon A. Gomez

Inventor： Ramon A. Gomez

IPC: H03L7/00

CPC classification number: H03L7/00 ,  H03B5/1212 ,  H03B5/1215 ,  H03B5/1228 ,  H03B5/1243 ,  H03B5/1253 ,  H03B5/1265 ,  H03B5/1278 ,  H03B2200/0046 ,  H03B2200/0048 ,  H03B2200/005 ,  H03B2201/02 ,  H03B2201/0208 ,  H03B2201/025 ,  H03D7/165 ,  H03D7/18 ,  H03J5/244 ,  H03J2200/10 ,  H03L7/0898 ,  H03L7/093 ,  H03L7/099 ,  H03L7/10 ,  H03L7/107 ,  H03L7/1072 ,  H03L7/18

Abstract: A gain compensator compensates for the gain variation of a varactor-tuned voltage tuned oscillator (VCO) in a phase lock loop (PLL). The VCO includes a parallel LC circuit having multiple fixed capacitors that can be switched-in or switched-out of the LC circuit according to a capacitor control signal to perform band-select tuning of the VCO. The gain compensator compensates for the variable VCO gain by generating a charge pump reference current that is based on the same capacitor control signal that controls the fixed capacitors in the LC circuit. The gain compensator generates the charge pump reference current by replicating a reference scale current using unit current sources. The number of times the reference scale current is replicated is based on the fixed capacitance that is switched-in to the LC circuit and therefore the frequency band of the PLL. The reference scale current is generated based on a PLL control that specifics certain PLL characteristics such as reference frequency, loop bandwidth, and loop damping. Therefore, the reference pump current can be efficiently optimized for-changing PLL operating conditions, in addition to compensating for variable VCO gain.

Abstract translation: 增益补偿器补偿锁相环（PLL）中变容二极管调谐电压调谐振荡器（VCO）的增益变化。 VCO包括具有多个固定电容器的并联LC电路，其可以根据电容器控制信号切换或切换出LC电路，以执行VCO的频带选择调谐。 增益补偿器通过产生基于控制LC电路中的固定电容器的相同电容器控制信号的电荷泵参考电流来补偿可变VCO增益。 增益补偿器通过使用单位电流源复制参考刻度电流来产生电荷泵参考电流。 参考比例电流复制的次数是基于切换到LC电路的固定电容，因此是PLL的频带。 参考比例电流是基于特定于参考频率，环路带宽和环路阻尼等特定PLL特性的PLL控制产生的。 因此，除了补偿可变VCO增益之外，参考泵电流可以有效地优化用于改变PLL工作条件。

公开(公告)号：US20080150644A1

公开(公告)日：2008-06-26

申请号：US11885859

申请日：2006-01-26

Applicant: Kenichi Hosoya ,  Shigeki Wada

Inventor： Kenichi Hosoya ,  Shigeki Wada

IPC: H03B5/12

CPC classification number: H03B5/1231 ,  H03B5/1212 ,  H03B5/1215 ,  H03B5/124 ,  H03B5/1265 ,  H03B5/1293 ,  H03B2201/025 ,  H03J2200/10

Abstract: A voltage controlled oscillator of the present invention includes power supply terminal (101), control terminal (2) for controlling an output frequency, output terminals (3a, 3b), cross-coupled transistors (5a, 5b), capacitances (6a, 6b, 7a, 7b), LC tanks (10a, 10b), resistor (117), grounding capacitance (18) and center frequency control circuit (16). Center frequency control circuit (16) includes resistors (11a, 11b), grounding capacitance (12), center frequency control terminal (4) for controlling a center frequency of the output frequency, and voltage-divider circuit (15). Resistors (11a, 11b) are connected to the base terminals of cross-coupled transistors (5a, 5b), the other ends of resistors (11a, 11b) are connected to each other, and, to this connecting point, one end of grounding capacitance (12) and one end of voltage-divider circuit (15) are connected. The other end of voltage-divider circuit (15) is connected to center frequency control terminal (4).

Abstract translation: 本发明的压控振荡器包括电源端子（101），用于控制输出频率的控制端子（2），输出端子（3a，3b），交叉耦合晶体管（5a，5b），电容 （6a，6b，7a，7b），LC箱（10a，10b），电阻器（117），接地电容（18）和中心频率控制电路（16）。 中心频率控制电路（16）包括用于控制输出频率的中心频率的电阻器（11a，11b），接地电容（12），中心频率控制端子（4）和分压电路（15）。 电阻器（11a，11b）连接到交叉耦合晶体管（5a，5b）的基极端子，电阻器（11a，11b）的另一端彼此连接，并且在该连接 点，接地电容（12）的一端和分压电路（15）的一端相连。 分压器电路（15）的另一端连接到中心频率控制端子（4）。

公开(公告)号：US20080143454A1

公开(公告)日：2008-06-19

申请号：US12036185

申请日：2008-02-22

Applicant: Michael Shannon McCorquodale ,  Scott Michael Pernia ,  Sundus Kubba ,  Justin O'Day ,  Gordon Carichner

Inventor： Michael Shannon McCorquodale ,  Scott Michael Pernia ,  Sundus Kubba ,  Justin O'Day ,  Gordon Carichner

IPC: H03B5/12

CPC classification number: G06F1/04 ,  G06F1/08 ,  H03B5/06 ,  H03B5/1203 ,  H03B5/1215 ,  H03B5/1218 ,  H03B5/1228 ,  H03B5/1253 ,  H03B5/1256 ,  H03B5/1265 ,  H03B2201/025 ,  H03J1/0008 ,  H03J2200/10 ,  H03L1/022 ,  H03L3/00 ,  H03L7/08 ,  H03L7/0812 ,  H03L7/0891 ,  H03L7/099

Abstract: In various embodiments, the invention provides a clock generator and/or a timing and frequency reference using an LC-oscillator topology, having a frequency controller to control and provide a stable resonant frequency, which is integrated with other, second circuitry such as a processor or controller. Frequency stability is provided over variations in a selected parameter such as temperature and fabrication process variations. The various apparatus embodiments include a sensor adapted to provide a signal in response to at least one parameter of a plurality of parameters; and a frequency controller adapted to modify the resonant frequency in response to the second signal. In exemplary embodiments, the sensor is implemented as a current source responsive to temperature fluctuations, and the frequency controller is implemented as a plurality of controlled reactance modules which are selectively couplable to the resonator or to one or more control voltages. The controlled reactance modules may include fixed or variable capacitances or inductances, and may be binary weighted. Arrays of resistive modules are also provided, to generate one or more control voltages.

Abstract translation: 在各种实施例中，本发明提供使用LC振荡器拓扑的时钟发生器和/或定时和频率参考，其具有频率控制器以控制和提供稳定的谐振频率，其与其它第二电路（例如处理器 或控制器。 提供了频率稳定性，如选择的参数（如温度和制造工艺变化）的变化。 各种装置实施例包括适于响应于多个参数的至少一个参数提供信号的传感器; 以及频率控制器，其适于响应于所述第二信号来修改所述谐振频率。 在示例性实施例中，响应于温度波动将传感器实现为电流源，并且频率控制器被实现为可选择地耦合到谐振器或一个或多个控制电压的多个受控电抗模块。 受控电抗模块可以包括固定或可变电容或电感，并且可以是二进制加权的。 还提供了电阻模块的阵列，以产生一个或多个控制电压。

公开(公告)号：US07365614B2

公开(公告)日：2008-04-29

申请号：US11384758

申请日：2006-03-20

Applicant: Michael Shannon McCorquodale ,  Scott Michael Pernia ,  Sundus Kubba ,  Justin O'Day ,  Gordon Carichner

Inventor： Michael Shannon McCorquodale ,  Scott Michael Pernia ,  Sundus Kubba ,  Justin O'Day ,  Gordon Carichner

IPC: H03B5/12

CPC classification number: G06F1/04 ,  G06F1/08 ,  H03B5/06 ,  H03B5/1203 ,  H03B5/1215 ,  H03B5/1218 ,  H03B5/1228 ,  H03B5/1253 ,  H03B5/1256 ,  H03B5/1265 ,  H03B2201/025 ,  H03J1/0008 ,  H03J2200/10 ,  H03L1/022 ,  H03L3/00 ,  H03L7/08 ,  H03L7/0812 ,  H03L7/0891 ,  H03L7/099

Abstract: In various embodiments, the invention provides a clock generator and/or a timing and frequency reference using an LC-oscillator topology, having a frequency controller to control and provide a stable resonant frequency, which is integrated with other, second circuitry such as a processor or controller. Frequency stability is provided over variations in a selected parameter such as temperature and fabrication process variations. The various apparatus embodiments include a sensor adapted to provide a signal in response to at least one parameter of a plurality of parameters; and a frequency controller adapted to modify the resonant frequency in response to the second signal. In exemplary embodiments, the sensor is implemented as a current source responsive to temperature fluctuations, and the frequency controller is implemented as a plurality of controlled reactance modules which are selectively couplable to the resonator or to one or more control voltages. The controlled reactance modules may include fixed or variable capacitances or inductances, and may be binary weighted. Arrays of resistive modules are also provided, to generate one or more control voltages.

Abstract translation: 在各种实施例中，本发明提供使用LC振荡器拓扑的时钟发生器和/或定时和频率参考，其具有频率控制器以控制和提供稳定的谐振频率，其与其它第二电路（例如处理器 或控制器。 提供了频率稳定性，如选择的参数（如温度和制造工艺变化）的变化。 各种装置实施例包括适于响应于多个参数的至少一个参数提供信号的传感器; 以及频率控制器，其适于响应于所述第二信号来修改所述谐振频率。 在示例性实施例中，响应于温度波动将传感器实现为电流源，并且频率控制器被实现为可选择地耦合到谐振器或一个或多个控制电压的多个受控电抗模块。 受控电抗模块可以包括固定或可变电容或电感，并且可以是二进制加权的。 还提供了电阻模块的阵列，以产生一个或多个控制电压。

公开(公告)号：US20070145368A1

公开(公告)日：2007-06-28

申请号：US11645382

申请日：2006-12-26

Applicant: Makoto Watanabe

Inventor： Makoto Watanabe

IPC: H01L31/00

CPC classification number: H03B5/36 ,  H03B2200/0048 ,  H03B2201/025

Abstract: The present invention relates to a two-frequency switchover type crystal oscillator in which first and second IC chips and first and second crystal resonators are connected to wiring patterns of a circuit substrate to form first and second oscillation circuits, and the first and second oscillation circuits are selectively operated in accordance with a selection mechanism; a two-frequency switchover type crystal oscillator in which surfaces opposite to circuit function surfaces of the first and second IC chips are connected to form a two-stage structure; IC terminals of the circuit function surface of the first IC chip are directly connected both electrically and mechanically to the wiring patterns; and IC terminals of the circuit function surface of the second IC chip are connected electrically by wire bonding to the wiring patterns; wherein those wiring patterns of the wiring patterns that are connected to power source, output, and ground terminals of the first and second IC chips are connected in common with respect to the first and second oscillation circuits. This configuration reduces the mounting surface area of the first and second IC chips, facilitating the wiring patterns thereof, thus making it possible to provide a two-frequency switchover oscillator in which the surface area of the external plan view is reduced.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种双频切换型晶体振荡器，其中第一和第二IC芯片和第一和第二晶体谐振器连接到电路基板的布线图案以形成第一和第二振荡电路，第一和第二振荡电路 根据选择机构选择性地操作; 其中与第一和第二IC芯片的电路功能表面相对的表面连接以形成两级结构的双频切换型晶体振荡器; 第一IC芯片的电路功能表面的IC端子电连接和机械地直接连接到布线图案; 并且第二IC芯片的电路功能表面的IC端子通过引线接合电连接到布线图案; 其中连接到第一和第二IC芯片的电源，输出和接地端子的布线图形的那些布线图案相对于第一和第二振荡电路共同连接。 这种结构减小了第一和第二IC芯片的安装表面积，便于其布线图案，从而可以提供其中外部平面图的表面积减小的双频切换振荡器。

公开(公告)号：US07221920B2

公开(公告)日：2007-05-22

申请号：US10890998

申请日：2004-07-15

Applicant: Kazuhide Abe ,  Mayumi Morizuka ,  Ryoichi Ohara ,  Kenya Sano ,  Naoko Yanase ,  Takaaki Yasumoto ,  Tadahiro Sasaki ,  Kazuhiko Itaya ,  Takashi Kawakubo ,  Hiroshi Yoshida ,  Ryuichi Fujimoto ,  Keiichi Yamaguchi ,  Nobuyuki Itoh ,  Tooru Kozu ,  Takeshi Ookubo

Inventor： Kazuhide Abe ,  Mayumi Morizuka ,  Ryoichi Ohara ,  Kenya Sano ,  Naoko Yanase ,  Takaaki Yasumoto ,  Tadahiro Sasaki ,  Kazuhiko Itaya ,  Takashi Kawakubo ,  Hiroshi Yoshida ,  Ryuichi Fujimoto ,  Keiichi Yamaguchi ,  Nobuyuki Itoh ,  Tooru Kozu ,  Takeshi Ookubo

IPC: H04B1/06 ,  H04B7/00

CPC classification number: H03L7/099 ,  H03B5/326 ,  H03B2200/0012 ,  H03B2201/0208 ,  H03B2201/025 ,  H03L7/0891 ,  H03L7/10 ,  H03L7/113 ,  H03L7/18 ,  H03L7/199 ,  H03L2207/06

Abstract: A voltage controlled oscillator includes a resonator configured to resonate with an initial oscillation frequency during starting period of oscillation and a steady oscillation frequency during a steady state oscillation. The resonator includes a film bulk acoustic resonator having a series resonance frequency higher than the steady oscillation frequency. A negative resistance circuit configured to drive the resonator, has a positive increment for reactance in the steady state oscillation compared with reactance in the starting period.

Abstract translation: 压控振荡器包括谐振器，其构造成在振荡的起始时段期间与初始振荡频率谐振，并且在稳态振荡期间具有稳定的振荡频率。 谐振器包括具有高于稳定振荡频率的串联谐振频率的膜体声波谐振器。 配置为驱动谐振器的负电阻电路与起动周期中的电抗相比，在稳态振荡中具有正增量。

公开(公告)号：US20070096840A1

公开(公告)日：2007-05-03

申请号：US11263304

申请日：2005-10-31

Applicant: Louis Williams ,  Francesco Cavaliere

Inventor： Louis Williams ,  Francesco Cavaliere

IPC: H03B5/12

CPC classification number: H03L7/085 ,  H03B2201/025 ,  H03J2200/10 ,  H03L7/099 ,  H03L7/1976

Abstract: A controller for an adjustable-frequency oscillator includes a first counter supplied with a stop-count value to count adjustable-frequency oscillator cycles divided by the ratio of desired frequency to reference oscillator frequency, to produce a stop signal when the first counter reaches the stop-count value. A second counter counts cycles of a reference oscillator starting from an initial number related to the stop-count value. The second counter stops counting and produces an end-count when the second counter receives the stop signal from the first counter. A resonant tank circuit includes a bank of capacitors with switches to select resonant tank circuit capacitors. The switches are selectively controlled using the end-count in the second counter. The stop-count value is set for the first counter so that the end count number in the second counter using a ones-complement binary format can be used to iteratively set the switches with minimal digital computation.

Abstract translation: 用于可调频率振荡器的控制器包括一个第一计数器，该第一计数器提供有一个停止计数值，用于将可调频率振荡器周期除以所需频率与参考振荡器频率的比值，以在第一个计数器到达停止时产生一个停止信号 - 数值。 第二个计数器从与停止计数值相关的初始数字开始计数参考振荡器的周期。 当第二计数器从第一计数器接收到停止信号时，第二计数器停止计数并产生结束计数。 谐振回路包括一组电容器，开关用于选择谐振回路电容器。 使用第二计数器中的结束计数来选择性地控制开关。 为第一计数器设置停止计数值，使得使用单补码二进制格式的第二计数器中的结束计数值可以用于以最小的数字计算来迭代地设置开关。

公开(公告)号：US07199651B2

公开(公告)日：2007-04-03

申请号：US10990368

申请日：2004-11-18

Applicant: Kouros Azimi ,  Thaddeus John Gabara

Inventor： Kouros Azimi ,  Thaddeus John Gabara

IPC: H03B1/00

CPC classification number: H03H11/405 ,  H03B5/1212 ,  H03B5/1228 ,  H03B5/1237 ,  H03B2201/025 ,  H03H11/483 ,  H03J2200/10

Abstract: A variable capacitance circuit on an integrated circuit comprises a MOS transistor, and a capacitance multiplier connected to one end of a channel of the MOS device. A MOS device is formed in series with an inductance, and a capacitance multiplier is formed to be connected to a node between the MOS device and the inductance.

Abstract translation: 集成电路中的可变电容电路包括MOS晶体管和连接到MOS器件的沟道的一端的电容倍增器。 与电感串联形成MOS器件，并且形成电容倍增器以连接到MOS器件和电感之间的节点。

公开(公告)号：US20070004362A1

公开(公告)日：2007-01-04

申请号：US11259888

申请日：2005-10-27

Applicant: Lawrence Der ,  Dana Taipale ,  Scott Willingham

Inventor： Lawrence Der ,  Dana Taipale ,  Scott Willingham

IPC: H04B1/06 ,  H04B7/00

CPC classification number: H03J1/00 ,  H03B2201/025 ,  H03J3/20

Abstract: In one embodiment, the present invention includes an apparatus having a first capacitor coupled between a first node and a second node, a second capacitor coupled between the second node and a reference potential, and a third capacitor coupled between the second node and a switch, where the switch is controllable to couple the third capacitor to the second node. Using such an apparatus small changes in capacitance and correspondingly small changes in frequency may be effected. Other embodiments are directed to calibration of one or more capacitor banks.

Abstract translation: 在一个实施例中，本发明包括具有耦合在第一节点和第二节点之间的第一电容器，耦合在第二节点和参考电位之间的第二电容器以及耦合在第二节点和开关之间的第三电容器的装置， 其中开关是可控制的，以将第三电容器耦合到第二节点。 使用这样的装置可以实现电容的小的变化和相应的小的频率变化。 其他实施例涉及一个或多个电容器组的校准。

公开(公告)号：US07154349B2

公开(公告)日：2006-12-26

申请号：US10982635

申请日：2004-11-04

Applicant: Jose Cabanillas

Inventor： Jose Cabanillas

IPC: H03B5/12 ,  H03B5/18

CPC classification number: H03B5/1228 ,  H03B5/1212 ,  H03B5/1218 ,  H03B5/1243 ,  H03B5/1265 ,  H03B5/1296 ,  H03B2200/0048 ,  H03B2201/025

Abstract: A multi-band VCO employs a coupled-inductor based resonator having N≧2 ports. Each port has an inductor and at least one capacitor. The N inductors for the N ports are magnetically coupled. The inductors/ports may be selectively enabled and disabled to allow the VCO to operate at different frequency bands. The capacitor(s) for each port may include one or more fixed capacitors, one or more variable capacitors (varactors), one or more switchable capacitors, or any combination of fixed, variable, and switchable capacitors. The switchable capacitors (if any) in the enabled ports may be selectively enabled and disabled to vary the VCO oscillation frequency. The varactors (if any) in the enabled ports can vary the oscillation frequency to lock the VCO to a desired frequency. The multi-band VCO may be implemented with various oscillator topologies and can replace multiple single-band VCOs.

Abstract translation: 多频带VCO采用具有N≥2个端口的基于耦合电感器的谐振器。 每个端口都有一个电感和至少一个电容。 N个端口的N个电感器是磁耦合的。 电感器/端口可以被选择性地使能和禁止，以允许VCO在不同的频带上操作。 每个端口的电容器可以包括一个或多个固定电容器，一个或多个可变电容器（可变电抗器），一个或多个可切换电容器，或固定，可变和可切换电容器的任何组合。 使能端口中的可切换电容器（如果有的话）可以被选择性地使能和禁止以改变VCO振荡频率。 使能端口中的变容二极管（如果有）可以改变振荡频率，将VCO锁定到所需的频率。 多频带VCO可以用各种振荡器拓扑来实现，并且可以替代多个单频带VCO。