FM-CW radar apparatus for measuring relative speed of and distance to an
object
    72.
    发明授权
    FM-CW radar apparatus for measuring relative speed of and distance to an object 失效
    FM-CW雷达装置,用于测量物体的相对速度和距离

    公开(公告)号:US5731778A

    公开(公告)日:1998-03-24

    申请号:US759129

    申请日:1996-12-02

    摘要: An FM-CW radar which is suitable for automotive anti-collision systems, for example, is provided. This radar outputs a radar signal in the form of a triangular wave whose frequency is increased at a given rate and decreased at a given rate. A receiver receives a wave reflected from a target to produce a beat signal and takes the Fourier transform of the beat signal to determine peak frequency components thereof showing peaks in a frequency spectrum. The receiver also determines phases of the peak frequency components and selects at least one from the peak frequency components in a frequency-rising range wherein the frequency of the radar signal is increased and at least one from the peak frequency components in a frequency-falling range wherein the frequency of the radar signal is decreased which show substantially the same phase to pair them for determining the distance to and relative speed of the target based on the frequency of the paired peak frequency components.

    摘要翻译: 提供了适用于汽车防碰撞系统的FM-CW雷达。 该雷达输出三角波形式的雷达信号,其频率以给定速率增加并以给定速率降低。 接收器接收从目标反射的波以产生拍频信号,并采取拍频信号的傅里叶变换来确定其频谱中峰值的峰值频率分量。 接收机还确定峰值频率分量的相位,并从雷达信号的频率增加的频率上升范围内的峰值频率分量中选择至少一个,并且从频率下降范围中的峰值频率分量中选择至少一个 其中雷达信号的频率减小,其显示基本上相同的相位,以根据配对的峰值频率分量的频率来确定目标的距离和相对速度。

    Liquid crystal device
    73.
    发明授权
    Liquid crystal device 失效
    液晶装置

    公开(公告)号:US5657141A

    公开(公告)日:1997-08-12

    申请号:US475533

    申请日:1995-06-07

    摘要: A liquid crystal device is constituted by disposing a chiral smectic liquid crystal between a pair of substrates each provided with an electrode and a uniaxial alignment film. The chiral smectic liquid crystal is placed in such a quasi-smectic A alignment state that the liquid crystal molecules will have a single average molecular axis under no electric field application on a lower temperature side within chiral smectic C phase range, wherein the single average molecular axis can be confirmed as a position providing the darkest state when observed through cross nicol polarizers. Such a quasi-smectic A alignment state is effective in providing a liquid crystal device (or display apparatus) having an improved shock resistance and a good low-temperature storage properties.

    摘要翻译: 液晶装置是通过在各自设置有电极的一对基板和单轴取向膜之间设置手性近晶液晶而构成的。 手性近晶液晶被置于这样的准近晶A取向状态,使得液晶分子在手性近晶C相范围内的低温侧无电场施加时将具有单个平均分子轴,其中单分子平均分子 当通过交叉尼龙偏振器观察时,可以将轴确认为提供最黑暗状态的位置。 这样的准近程A取向状态在提供具有改善的抗冲击性和良好的低温储存性的液晶装置(或显示装置)方面是有效的。

    Chiral smectic liquid crystal device and display apparatus
    74.
    发明授权
    Chiral smectic liquid crystal device and display apparatus 失效
    手性近晶体液晶装置及显示装置

    公开(公告)号:US5453861A

    公开(公告)日:1995-09-26

    申请号:US252535

    申请日:1994-06-01

    摘要: A liquid crystal device showing improved uniform alignment characteristic and switching characteristic is constituted by a pair of an upper substrate and a lower substrate, and a chiral smectic liquid crystal disposed between the upper and lower substrates. Each of the upper and lower substrates has thereon an electrode for applying a voltage to the liquid crystal and a uniaxial alignment film. The alignment films on the upper and lower substrates are provided with uniaxial alignment axes which cross each other so that the direction of crossing of the uniaxial alignment axes from the lower substrate to the upper substrate is identical to the direction of helical twist in cholesteric phase of the chiral smectic liquid crystal, and the chiral smectic liquid crystal is disposed in such an alignment state that the liquid crystal shows a pretilt angle .alpha., a cone angle H, an inclination angle .delta. of SmC.sup.* layer, and an apparent tilt angle .theta.a satisfying relationships of: H .theta.a>H/2. The crossing direction may preferably have a polarity (taken as "positive" in clockwise direction and "negative" in anticlockwise direction) which is the same as the polarity of the spontaneous polarization of the liquid crystal.

    摘要翻译: 显示出改善的均匀取向特性和切换特性的液晶装置由一对上基板和下基板以及设置在上基板和下基板之间的手性近晶液晶构成。 上基板和下基板都具有用于向液晶施加电压的电极和单轴取向膜。 上基板和下基板上的取向膜具有彼此交叉的单轴对准轴,使得单轴对准轴从下基板到上基板的交叉方向与胆甾醇相的螺旋扭转方向相同 手性近晶液晶和手性近晶液晶以这样的取向状态设置,使得液晶显示预倾角α,锥角+ E,crc / H /,SmC *层的倾斜角度δ,以及 满足以下关系的明显倾斜角θa:+ E,crc / H /α+δ和+ E,crc / H />θa> + E,crc / H / / 2。 交叉方向可以优选地具有与液晶的自发极化的极性相同的极性(顺时针方向为“正”,逆时针方向为“负”)。

    Developing apparatus
    77.
    发明授权
    Developing apparatus 失效
    开发设备

    公开(公告)号:US5206691A

    公开(公告)日:1993-04-27

    申请号:US828300

    申请日:1992-01-30

    IPC分类号: G03G15/08 G03G15/09

    CPC分类号: G03G15/0928 G03G15/0806

    摘要: A developing apparatus is arranged to supply toner onto the surface of a developing sleeve to form on it, a thin layer of toner triboelectrically charged by a restricting member, and to feed the toner layer onto an electrostatic latent image holding member having an electrostatic latent image formed on it for developing the latent image. At least part or all of the surface layer of the developing sleeve is formed by a mixed material mainly composed of crystalline polyamide resin and non-crystalline polyamide resin.

    摘要翻译: 显影装置被布置成将调色剂供应到显影套筒的表面上以在其上形成由限制构件摩擦带电的薄层调色剂,并将调色剂层供给到具有静电潜像的静电潜像保持构件上 形成在其上用于显影潜像。 显影套筒的表面层的至少一部分或全部由主要由结晶性聚酰胺树脂和非结晶性聚酰胺树脂构成的混合材料形成。

    Lockable slider for a slide fastener
    78.
    发明授权
    Lockable slider for a slide fastener 失效
    用于滑动紧固件的可滑动滑块

    公开(公告)号:US5175910A

    公开(公告)日:1993-01-05

    申请号:US877217

    申请日:1992-05-01

    申请人: Hiroshi Mizuno

    发明人: Hiroshi Mizuno

    IPC分类号: A44B19/30

    摘要: A lockable slider for a slide fastener is disclosed which essentially comprises a slider body having a conneting neck or diamond and including an upper and a lower wing member defining therebetween a guide channel for the passage of slide fastener stringers and a locking member resiliently supported within the slider body. A switching means including a cam is provided for alternately locking and unlocking the slider with respect to the slide fastener, the cam being engageable with the locking member to move its locking prong portion away from the guide channel.

    Internal combustion engine with a dual turbocharger system
    79.
    发明授权
    Internal combustion engine with a dual turbocharger system 失效
    具有双涡轮增压器系统的内燃机

    公开(公告)号:US5154058A

    公开(公告)日:1992-10-13

    申请号:US713466

    申请日:1991-06-11

    申请人: Hiroshi Mizuno

    发明人: Hiroshi Mizuno

    IPC分类号: F02B37/007 F02B37/18

    摘要: An internal combustion engine including a first turbocharger operated at all intake air quantities and a second turbocharger operated only at large air intake air quantities, an intake switching valve located downstream of the compressor of the second turbocharger, an exhaust switching valve located downstream of the turbine of the second turbocharger, and an exhaust bypass valve for bypassing the exhaust switching valve. For the purpose of running-up the second turbocharger before the operation is changed from a "one-turbocharger-operation" to a "two-turbocharger-operation", the exhaust bypass valve is partially opened and then the amount by which the exhaust bypass valve is opened is gradually increased until it is fully opened so that any torque shock accompanying the operational change is effectively suppressed.

    摘要翻译: 一种内燃机,包括在所有进气量下操作的第一涡轮增压器和仅在大的进气量下操作的第二涡轮增压器,位于第二涡轮增压器的压缩机下游的进气切换阀,位于涡轮机下游的排气切换阀 的第二涡轮增压器,以及用于旁路排气切换阀的排气旁通阀。 为了在将操作从“单涡轮增压器操作”改变为“双涡轮增压器操作”之前将第二涡轮增压器运行的目的是排气旁通阀部分地打开,然后排气旁路的量 阀打开逐渐增加,直到其完全打开,从而有效地抑制伴随操作变化的任何扭矩冲击。

    Electronic blackboard system marker and eraser therefor
    80.
    发明授权
    Electronic blackboard system marker and eraser therefor 失效
    电子黑板系统标记和橡皮擦

    公开(公告)号:US5134388A

    公开(公告)日:1992-07-28

    申请号:US690317

    申请日:1991-04-25

    摘要: A determination is made as to which one of plural objects is proximate a region having a coil therein. Each object includes a tuned circuit having a different resonant frequency. AC energy at the different resonant frequencies is supplied to the coil. The tuned circuit on the particular object in the region having substantially the same resonant frequency as the AC energy supplied to the coil causes a change in the current flowing in the coil at the same resonant frequency. The change in the current flowing in the coil at the same resonant frequency is sensed. In response to the current change at the same resonant frequency the particular object having the tuned circuit with the same resonant frequency as the frequency of the applied AC energy is indicated with a phase detector arrangement responsive to the changed current flowing in the coil at the same resonant frequency and a reference wave at the same resonant frequency. The phase detector arrangement derives indications of the polarities of the phase of quadrature components of the changed current relative to the reference wave and indicates the durations of the polarities relative to predetermined values therefor.

    摘要翻译: 确定多个物体中的哪一个靠近其中具有线圈的区域。 每个物体包括具有不同谐振频率的调谐电路。 将不同谐振频率的交流能量提供给线圈。 在具有与提供给线圈的AC能量基本相同的谐振频率的区域中的特定物体上的调谐电路导致在相同共振频率下在线圈中流动的电流的变化。 感测到以相同谐振频率在线圈中流动的电流的变化。 响应于在相同共振频率下的电流变化,具有与所施加的AC能量的频率具有相同谐振频率的调谐电路的特定对象由相位检测器装置指示,该相位检测器布置响应于在线圈中流过的变化的电流 谐振频率和相同谐振频率下的参考波。 相位检测器装置导出相对于参考波的改变的电流的正交分量的相位的极性的指示,并且指示相对于其预定值的极性的持续时间。