公开(公告)号：US06168608A

公开(公告)日：2001-01-02

申请号：US09427780

申请日：1999-10-26

Applicant: Jan M. Echeverry ,  Luis M. Fernandez ,  James E. Jervis ,  Janine C. Robinson ,  Shigeru Tanaka ,  Laveille K. Voss

Inventor： Jan M. Echeverry ,  Luis M. Fernandez ,  James E. Jervis ,  Janine C. Robinson ,  Shigeru Tanaka ,  Laveille K. Voss

IPC: A61M2900

CPC classification number: A61B17/0218 ,  A61B90/361 ,  A61B2017/00557 ,  A61B2017/320044 ,  A61B2090/0813

Abstract: An improved laparoscopic apparatus for tunneling to a desired anatomical location and developing a surgical space is disclosed, including a tunneling member adapted to receive a laparoscope therein and an inflatable balloon secured on the tunneling member. The tunneling member has a passage extending between its open proximal and distal ends. A lip is integrally formed on the distal end to retain a laparoscope inserted into the passage, the lip having a substantially rounded and blunt distal edge. The lip defines a recessed or open center area in the distal opening, enhancing the field of view of the laparoscope therethrough. The balloon is formed from flexible, transparent material, and is rolled and secured to the tunneling member. The balloon includes inverted seams and/or unfused outer edges adapted to minimize tissue trauma during inflation, and has an extended distal portion adapted to be unrolled during space development, thereby improving distal space development and enhancing visualization of landmarks within the space being developed.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种改进的用于隧道到期望的解剖位置和开发手术空间的腹腔镜装置，包括适于在其中容纳腹腔镜的隧道构件和固定在隧道构件上的可充气气囊。 隧道构件具有在其开放的近端和远端之间延伸的通道。 在远端一体地形成唇缘以保持插入通道中的腹腔镜，唇缘具有基本上圆形和钝的远端边缘。 唇缘在远侧开口中限定凹入或开放的中心区域，增强腹腔镜通过其的视野。 气囊由柔性透明材料形成，并被卷起并固定到隧道构件上。 气球包括倒置的接缝和/或未融合的外边缘，其适于在充气过程中最小化组织损伤，并且具有适于在空间展开期间展开的延伸的远侧部分，从而改善远端空间发展并增强正在开发的空间内的标志的可视化。

公开(公告)号：US6129736A

公开(公告)日：2000-10-10

申请号：US250969

申请日：1999-02-16

Applicant: James E. Jervis ,  Helmut Kayan

Inventor： James E. Jervis ,  Helmut Kayan

IPC: A61B17/00 ,  A61B17/02 ,  A61B17/32 ,  A61B17/34 ,  A61F2/00 ,  A61M25/00 ,  A61B19/00

CPC classification number: A61B17/0218 ,  A61B2017/00557 ,  A61B2017/320044 ,  A61B90/02 ,  A61F2/0063 ,  A61F2002/0072

Abstract: The present invention relates to an expansible tunneling apparatus suitable for tissue dissection. The apparatus is provided with a cannula-loading shaft at its proximal end such that a cannula chosen from a range of different cannulas may be loaded over the cannula-loading shaft and installed in an anatomic space created by the expansible tunneling apparatus. The apparatus is also provided with an inflatable member such as a balloon to accomplish the dissection and a sleeve covering the balloon which are removed from the apparatus before the cannula is loaded on the cannula-loading shaft.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及适用于组织剥离的可扩展隧道装置。 该设备在其近端处设置有插管加载轴，使得从一定范围的不同插管中选择的插管可以被加载在套管装载轴上并且安装在由可膨胀隧道装置产生的解剖空间中。 该装置还设置有可充气构件，例如气囊，以完成解剖，以及覆盖气囊的套筒，其在将套管装载到套管装载轴之前从装置移除。

公开(公告)号：US6024736A

公开(公告)日：2000-02-15

申请号：US902144

申请日：1997-07-29

Applicant: Roger A. de la Torre ,  James Stephen Scott ,  George D. Hermann ,  Thomas A. Howell ,  James E. Jervis ,  Kenneth H. Mollenauer ,  Roderick A. Young

Inventor： Roger A. de la Torre ,  James Stephen Scott ,  George D. Hermann ,  Thomas A. Howell ,  James E. Jervis ,  Kenneth H. Mollenauer ,  Roderick A. Young

IPC: A61B17/34 ,  A61B19/08 ,  A61B17/00

CPC classification number: A61B17/3462 ,  A61B17/3423 ,  A61B46/10 ,  A61B17/3498 ,  A61B2017/3419 ,  A61B2017/3449 ,  A61B2017/349 ,  A61B2017/3492

Abstract: A flexible, fluid-tight envelope provides access for a hand and surgical instruments through a body tissue incision while maintaining insufflation pressure or a pneumoperitoneum within the body. The envelope is transparent and has an interior volume with opposite proximal and distal ends. A first opening in the envelope at the proximal end adjoins the incision in the body tissue and is secured and sealed to the body tissue. The second opening at the envelope distal end is provided with a closure member that seals closed the second opening on itself or around the forearm of a surgeon or a surgical instrument inserted into the interior volume of the envelope.

Abstract translation: 柔软的，流体密封的信封通过身体组织切口提供手和手术器械的通路，同时保持身体内的吹气压力或气腹。 外壳是透明的，具有相对的近端和远端的内部容积。 在近端的信封中的第一开口与身体组织中的切口相邻并被固定并密封到身体组织。 在封套远端处的第二个开口设置有封闭构件，该封闭构件封闭其本身或围绕插入到外壳的内部容积中的外科医生的前臂或外科手术器械的第二开口。

公开(公告)号：US6015421A

公开(公告)日：2000-01-18

申请号：US857193

申请日：1997-05-15

Applicant: Jan M. Echeverry ,  Luis M. Fernandez ,  James E. Jervis ,  Janine C. Robinson ,  Shigeru Tanaka ,  Laveille K. Voss

Inventor： Jan M. Echeverry ,  Luis M. Fernandez ,  James E. Jervis ,  Janine C. Robinson ,  Shigeru Tanaka ,  Laveille K. Voss

IPC: A61B17/00 ,  A61B1/00 ,  A61B17/02 ,  A61B17/32 ,  A61B19/00 ,  A61M29/00

CPC classification number: A61B17/0218 ,  A61B2017/00557 ,  A61B2017/320044 ,  A61B2090/0813 ,  A61B90/361

Abstract: An improved laparoscopic apparatus for tunneling to a desired anatomical location and developing a surgical space is disclosed, including a tunneling member adapted to receive a laparoscope therein and an inflatable balloon secured on the tunneling member. The tunneling member has a passage extending between its open proximal and distal ends. A lip is integrally formed on the distal end to retain a laparoscope inserted into the passage, the lip having a substantially rounded and blunt distal edge. The lip defines a recessed or open center area in the distal opening, enhancing the field of view of the laparoscope therethrough. The balloon is formed from flexible, transparent material, and is rolled and secured to the tunneling member. The balloon includes inverted seams and/or unfused outer edges adapted to minimize tissue trauma during inflation, and has an extended distal portion adapted to be unrolled during space development, thereby improving distal space development and enhancing visualization of landmarks within the space being developed.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种改进的用于隧道到期望的解剖位置和开发手术空间的腹腔镜装置，包括适于在其中容纳腹腔镜的隧道构件和固定在隧道构件上的可充气气囊。 隧道构件具有在其开放的近端和远端之间延伸的通道。 在远端一体地形成唇缘以保持插入通道中的腹腔镜，唇缘具有基本上圆形和钝的远端边缘。 唇缘在远侧开口中限定凹入或开放的中心区域，增强腹腔镜通过其的视野。 气囊由柔性透明材料形成，并被卷起并固定到隧道构件上。 气球包括倒置的接缝和/或未融合的外边缘，其适于在充气过程中最小化组织损伤，并且具有适于在空间展开期间展开的延伸的远侧部分，从而改善远端空间发展并增强正在开发的空间内的标志的可视化。

公开(公告)号：US6015382A

公开(公告)日：2000-01-18

申请号：US951799

申请日：1997-10-16

Applicant: Hans J. Zwart ,  Lawrence R. Tyler ,  Thomas J. Palermo ,  Kevin Van Bladel ,  Roderick A. Young ,  James E. Jervis

Inventor： Hans J. Zwart ,  Lawrence R. Tyler ,  Thomas J. Palermo ,  Kevin Van Bladel ,  Roderick A. Young ,  James E. Jervis

IPC: A61B17/00 ,  A61B17/02 ,  A61B17/32 ,  A61B19/00

CPC classification number: A61B17/0218 ,  A61B2017/00017 ,  A61B2017/00022 ,  A61B2017/00084 ,  A61B2017/00243 ,  A61B2017/00557 ,  A61B2017/320048 ,  A61B2090/032 ,  A61B2090/034 ,  A61B2090/061 ,  A61B2090/064

Abstract: An inflatable manipulator for organ manipulation during surgery is disclosed. The system typically includes an inflatable balloon connected to an infusion source where the balloon is either coupled to a relatively rigid platform or fitted with a positioning structure such as a pocket. In open heart surgery, the platform is used to position and stabilize the balloon under the heart. In minimally invasive surgery, the balloon fitted with the pocket and can be rolled into a narrow configuration and inserted through a small incision using an insertion device. The insertion device can then be removed once the manipulator is in position. In use, the balloon of the manipulator is inflated by the infusion source thereby elevating and tilting the organ to the desired position for surgical access. Systems including multiple chamber manipulators each with a separate infusion source are also disclosed, as are combined methods for cooling organs during surgery and for using the manipulators to separate adhesions.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种用于手术中器官操作的充气操纵器。 该系统通常包括连接到输注源的可充气气囊，其中气囊被联接到相对刚性的平台或者配合有定位结构例如口袋。 在心脏直视手术中，平台用于在心脏下定位和稳定气囊。 在微创手术中，气囊装配有口袋，并且可以卷成狭窄的构造并且通过使用插入装置的小切口插入。 一旦操纵器就位就可以将插入装置移除。 在使用中，操纵器的球囊被输注源膨胀，从而升高并将器官倾斜到期望的位置以进行外科手术。 还公开了包括具有单独输注源的多个腔室操纵器的系统，以及用于在手术期间冷却器官和使用操纵器分离粘连的组合方法。

公开(公告)号：US06004330A

公开(公告)日：1999-12-21

申请号：US398629

申请日：1995-03-03

Applicant: Lee M. Middleman ,  Walter R. Pyka ,  Michael Buhler ,  Philippe Poncet ,  Karl Van Dyk ,  James E. Jervis

Inventor： Lee M. Middleman ,  Walter R. Pyka ,  Michael Buhler ,  Philippe Poncet ,  Karl Van Dyk ,  James E. Jervis

IPC: A61B10/00 ,  A61B10/02 ,  A61B10/06 ,  A61B17/00 ,  A61B17/02 ,  A61B17/04 ,  A61B17/06 ,  A61B17/08 ,  A61B17/10 ,  A61B17/12 ,  A61B17/22 ,  A61B17/28 ,  A61B17/30 ,  A61B17/32 ,  A61B17/34 ,  A61B18/08 ,  A61B18/14 ,  A61F2/00 ,  B25B9/00 ,  B26B13/26

CPC classification number: A61B10/02 ,  A61B17/00234 ,  A61B17/0218 ,  A61B17/0469 ,  A61B17/0625 ,  A61B17/08 ,  A61B17/10 ,  A61B17/12013 ,  A61B17/221 ,  A61B17/29 ,  A61B17/320016 ,  A61B17/32056 ,  A61B18/082 ,  B25B9/00 ,  B26B13/26 ,  A61B10/06 ,  A61B17/30 ,  A61B17/3201 ,  A61B17/3421 ,  A61B18/10 ,  A61B2017/00287 ,  A61B2017/00349 ,  A61B2017/00353 ,  A61B2017/0038 ,  A61B2017/00455 ,  A61B2017/00867 ,  A61B2017/0409 ,  A61B2017/06052 ,  A61B2017/06171 ,  A61B2017/22072 ,  A61B2017/2212 ,  A61B2017/2215 ,  A61B2017/2905 ,  A61B2017/2927 ,  A61B2017/2936 ,  A61B2017/2937 ,  A61B2017/2943 ,  A61B2017/303 ,  A61B2017/320064 ,  A61B2017/32113 ,  A61B2018/00642 ,  A61B2018/00791 ,  A61B2018/1407 ,  A61B2090/0811 ,  A61F2002/30093 ,  A61F2210/0019

Abstract: The present invention accordingly provides a device or apparatus for manipulating matter in a confined or inaccessible space, comprising manipulator means at least partly constructed of one or more bent or twisted elongate shape memory alloy members having pseudoelasticity at the intended manipulation temperature, and a hollow housing (preferably of elongate tubular form) or cannula capable of holding at least the shape memory alloy member(s) in a relatively straightened state, and actuating means for extending the shape memory alloy member(s) from the housing to manipulate matter within the said space and for withdrawing the shape memory alloy member(s) into the housing, the arrangement being such that the shape-memory alloy member(s) bend(s) or twist(s) pseudoelastically in a lateral or helical sense to manipulate the matter on extending from the housing at the said manipulation temperature, and become(s) relatively straightened on withdrawal into the housing at the said temperature.Preferably the invention provides such a device or apparatus which is of elongate form for surgical manipulation of matter within a living body, and which has the manipulator means at its distal end with the shape memory alby member(s) having pseudoelasticity at the temperature to be encountered within that body, and wherein the actuating means is operable from the proximal end of the device.

Abstract translation: 因此，本发明提供了一种用于在有限或不可接近的空间中操纵物质的装置或装置，包括至少部分地由在预期操作温度下具有假弹性的一个或多个弯曲或扭转的细长形状记忆合金构件构造的操纵器装置，以及中空壳体 （优选为细长管状形式）或能够至少保持形状记忆合金构件处于相对矫直状态的套管;以及致动装置，用于将形状记忆合金构件从壳体延伸到操纵所述形状记忆合金构件内的物质 空间并且用于将形状记忆合金构件拉出到壳体中，该布置使得形状记忆合金构件以侧向或螺旋方式假弹性地弯曲或扭曲以操纵该物质 在所述操作温度下从壳体延伸，并且在所述温度下退回到壳体中时变得相对矫直。 优选地，本发明提供了一种这样的装置或装置，其为细长形式用于手术操纵生物体内的物质，并且其机械手装置在其远端处具有在温度为假弹性的形状记忆体 在该身体内遇到，并且其中致动装置可从装置的近端操作。

公开(公告)号：US5772680A

公开(公告)日：1998-06-30

申请号：US570766

申请日：1995-12-12

Applicant: Maciej J. Kieturakis ,  Kenneth H. Mollenauer ,  Jan M. Echeverry ,  Thomas A. Howell ,  James E. Jervis ,  Helmut Kayan ,  Janine C. Robinson

Inventor： Maciej J. Kieturakis ,  Kenneth H. Mollenauer ,  Jan M. Echeverry ,  Thomas A. Howell ,  James E. Jervis ,  Helmut Kayan ,  Janine C. Robinson

IPC: A61B17/00 ,  A61B17/02 ,  A61B17/32 ,  A61B17/34 ,  A61B18/08 ,  A61B19/00 ,  A61F2/00 ,  A61F2/84 ,  A61M25/00 ,  A61M25/06 ,  A61M25/10 ,  A61M29/02

CPC classification number: A61M25/1029 ,  A61B17/00234 ,  A61B17/02 ,  A61B17/0218 ,  A61B17/320016 ,  A61B18/08 ,  A61F2/0063 ,  A61M25/0668 ,  A61M25/1002 ,  A61M25/1038 ,  A61B17/3421 ,  A61B17/3439 ,  A61B2017/00557 ,  A61B2017/320044 ,  A61B2017/320048 ,  A61B2090/0813 ,  A61B90/361 ,  A61F2002/0072 ,  A61M25/1034 ,  A61M29/02

Abstract: An expansible tunneling apparatus and associated methods for creating an anatomic working space for a surgical procedure. Various embodiments of one and two piece apparatus that permit laparoscopic observation both during tunneling and during subsequent balloon dissection are disclosed. In a disclosed one piece embodiment, a tubular member has a bore extending therethrough and an open distal end. A lip is formed in the distal end of the tubular member to capture the distal tip of a laparoscope that is inserted into the tubular member to permit observation of the procedure both during tunneling to a desired location and during subsequent balloon inflation. An elongated neck of the balloon is secured to the tunneling member. The elongated neck permits the tubular member to be withdrawn slightly from the balloon after inflation to facilitate observation. After the balloon has been advanced to the desired location in the body it is inflated through a balloon inflation lumen to cause the balloon to dissect tissue and create an operating space. Various balloon constructions and a reusable design are also disclosed.

Abstract translation: 一种可扩展的隧道装置和相关联的方法，用于创建外科手术的解剖工作空间。 公开了在隧道掘进期间和随后的气球解剖期间允许腹腔镜观察的一个和两个装置的各种实施例。 在公开的单件实施例中，管状构件具有延伸穿过其中的孔和敞开的远端。 在管状构件的远端形成唇缘，以捕获插入到管状构件中的腹腔镜的远侧末端，以允许在隧道到期望的位置期间和随后的球囊膨胀期间观察该程序。 气囊的细长的颈部固定在隧道构件上。 细长的颈部允许管状构件在充气之后从气囊中略微抽出以便于观察。 在气囊已经前进到身体中的所需位置之后，其通过球囊膨胀腔充气以使得气囊解剖组织并创建操作空间。 还公开了各种气球结构和可重复使用的设计。

公开(公告)号：US5730756A

公开(公告)日：1998-03-24

申请号：US388233

申请日：1995-02-13

Applicant: Maciej K. Kieturakis ,  Helmut Kayan ,  Jan M. Echeverry ,  Thomas A. Howell ,  Kenneth H. Mollenauer ,  James E. Jervis

Inventor： Maciej K. Kieturakis ,  Helmut Kayan ,  Jan M. Echeverry ,  Thomas A. Howell ,  Kenneth H. Mollenauer ,  James E. Jervis

IPC: A61B17/00 ,  A61B17/02 ,  A61B17/32 ,  A61B17/34 ,  A61B18/08 ,  A61B19/00 ,  A61F2/00 ,  A61F2/958 ,  A61M25/06 ,  A61M29/02 ,  A61M29/00

CPC classification number: A61F2/0063 ,  A61B17/0218 ,  A61B17/320016 ,  A61B18/08 ,  A61M25/0668 ,  A61M25/1002 ,  A61B17/3421 ,  A61B17/3439 ,  A61B2017/00557 ,  A61B2017/320044 ,  A61B2017/320048 ,  A61B2090/0813 ,  A61B90/361 ,  A61F2002/0072 ,  A61M29/02

Abstract: Apparatus for creating an anatomic space in tissue in a body of a patient using a cannula with proximal and distal extremities and a bore extending therethrough to provide an open end. A balloon having an inflated space is provided. The balloon is capable of assuming collapsed and inflated conditions. A retainer is carried by the balloon for forming the balloon when in a collapsed condition into a generally cylindrical roll to aid in inserting the balloon into the tissue. An obturator shaft having a rounded distal end is sized so that it extends through the cannula and into the roll. A laparoscope can be introduced into the obturator shaft to permit viewing through the obturator shaft and the balloon. An inflation tube is provided for inflating the balloon after it is disposed in the tissue to cause the balloon to progressively expand to create separation forces in the tissue to create the anatomic space.

Abstract translation: 用于使用具有近端和远端四肢的套管以及穿过其延伸以提供开放端的孔来在患者身体中的组织中产生解剖空间的装置。 提供具有充气空间的气球。 气球能够承担塌缩和膨胀的状况。 保持器由气囊承载，以在塌缩状态下形成气囊以形成大致圆柱形的辊以有助于将气囊插入组织中。 具有圆形远端的闭孔轴的尺寸设计成使得其延伸穿过套管并进入辊中。 腹腔镜可以被引入到闭孔轴中以允许通过闭孔轴和气囊观察。 提供充气管，用于在将气囊放置在组织中之后对气囊进行充气，以使气囊逐渐膨胀以在组织中产生分离力以产生解剖空间。

公开(公告)号：US5720754A

公开(公告)日：1998-02-24

申请号：US430989

申请日：1995-04-28

Applicant: Lee M. Middleman ,  Walter R. Pyka ,  Michael Buhler ,  Philippe Poncet ,  Karl Van Dyk ,  James E. Jervis

Inventor： Lee M. Middleman ,  Walter R. Pyka ,  Michael Buhler ,  Philippe Poncet ,  Karl Van Dyk ,  James E. Jervis

IPC: A61B17/06 ,  A61B10/00 ,  A61B10/02 ,  A61B10/06 ,  A61B17/00 ,  A61B17/02 ,  A61B17/04 ,  A61B17/08 ,  A61B17/10 ,  A61B17/12 ,  A61B17/22 ,  A61B17/221 ,  A61B17/28 ,  A61B17/30 ,  A61B17/32 ,  A61B17/34 ,  A61B18/08 ,  A61B18/14 ,  A61F2/00 ,  A61M25/00 ,  B25B9/00 ,  B25J18/06 ,  B25J19/00 ,  B26B13/26

CPC classification number: B25B9/00 ,  A61B10/02 ,  A61B17/00234 ,  A61B17/0218 ,  A61B17/0469 ,  A61B17/0625 ,  A61B17/08 ,  A61B17/10 ,  A61B17/12013 ,  A61B17/221 ,  A61B17/29 ,  A61B17/320016 ,  A61B17/32056 ,  A61B18/082 ,  B26B13/26 ,  A61B10/06 ,  A61B17/30 ,  A61B17/3201 ,  A61B17/3421 ,  A61B18/10 ,  A61B2017/00287 ,  A61B2017/00349 ,  A61B2017/00353 ,  A61B2017/0038 ,  A61B2017/00455 ,  A61B2017/00867 ,  A61B2017/0409 ,  A61B2017/06052 ,  A61B2017/06171 ,  A61B2017/22072 ,  A61B2017/2905 ,  A61B2017/2927 ,  A61B2017/2936 ,  A61B2017/2937 ,  A61B2017/2943 ,  A61B2017/303 ,  A61B2017/320064 ,  A61B2017/32113 ,  A61B2018/00642 ,  A61B2018/00791 ,  A61B2018/1407 ,  A61B2090/0811 ,  A61F2002/30093 ,  A61F2210/0019

Abstract: The present invention accordingly provides a device or apparatus for manipulating matter in a confined or inaccessible space, comprising manipulator means at least partly constructed of one or more bent or twisted elongate shape memory alloy members having pseudoelasticity at the intended manipulation temperature, and a hollow housing (preferably of elongate tubular form) or cannula capable of holding at least the shape memory alloy member(s) in a relatively straightened state, and actuating means for extending the shape memory alloy member(s) from the housing to manipulate matter within the said space and for withdrawing the shape memory alloy member(s) into the housing, the arrangement being such that the shape-memory alloy member(s) bend(s) or twist(s) pseudoelastically in a lateral or helical sense to manipulate the matter on extending from the housing at the said manipulation temperature, and become(s) relatively straightened on withdrawal into the housing at the said temperature. Preferably the invention provides such a device or apparatus which is of elongate form for surgical manipulation of matter within a living body, and which has the manipulator means at its distal end with the shape memory alloy member(s) having pseudoelasticity at the temperature to be encountered within that body, and wherein the actuating means is operable from the proximal end of the device.

公开(公告)号：US5653705A

公开(公告)日：1997-08-05

申请号：US319986

申请日：1994-10-07

Applicant: Roger A. de la Torre ,  James Stephen Scott ,  George D. Hermann ,  Thomas A. Howell ,  James E. Jervis ,  Kenneth H. Mollenauer ,  Roderick A. Young

Inventor： Roger A. de la Torre ,  James Stephen Scott ,  George D. Hermann ,  Thomas A. Howell ,  James E. Jervis ,  Kenneth H. Mollenauer ,  Roderick A. Young

IPC: A61B17/34 ,  A61B19/08 ,  A61B19/00

CPC classification number: A61B17/3462 ,  A61B17/3423 ,  A61B46/10 ,  A61B17/3498 ,  A61B2017/3419 ,  A61B2017/3449 ,  A61B2017/349 ,  A61B2017/3492

Abstract: A flexible, fluid-tight envelope provides access for a hand and surgical instruments through a body tissue incision while maintaining insufflation pressure or a pneumoperitoneum within the body. The envelope is transparent and has an interior volume with opposite proximal and distal ends. A first opening in the envelope at the proximal end adjoins the incision in the body tissue and is secured and sealed to the body tissue. The second opening at the envelope distal end is provided with a closure member that seals closed the second opening on itself or around the forearm of a surgeon or a surgical instrument inserted into the interior volume of the envelope.

Abstract translation: 柔软的，流体密封的信封通过身体组织切口提供手和手术器械的通路，同时保持身体内的吹气压力或气腹。 外壳是透明的，具有相对的近端和远端的内部容积。 在近端的信封中的第一开口与身体组织中的切口相邻并被固定并密封到身体组织。 在封套远端处的第二个开口设置有封闭构件，该封闭构件封闭其本身或围绕插入到外壳的内部容积中的外科医生的前臂或外科手术器械的第二开口。