Abstract:
Integrated circuit devices having a cavity and methods of manufacturing the integrated circuit devices are provided. The integrated circuit devices may include a pair of spacers, which define a recess. The integrated circuit device may also include a lower conductive pattern in the recess and an upper conductive pattern on the lower conductive pattern. The upper conductive pattern may have an etch selectivity with respect to the lower conductive pattern and may expose an upper surface of the lower conductive pattern adjacent a sidewall of the upper conductive pattern. An inner sidewall of one of the pair of spacers, the upper surface of the lower conductive pattern and the sidewall of the upper conductive pattern may define a space and a capping pattern may be formed on the upper conductive pattern to seal a top portion of the space, such that a cavity is disposed under the capping pattern.
Abstract:
Integrated circuit devices having a cavity and methods of manufacturing the integrated circuit devices are provided. The integrated circuit devices may include a pair of spacers, which define a recess. The integrated circuit device may also include a lower conductive pattern in the recess and an upper conductive pattern on the lower conductive pattern. The upper conductive pattern may have an etch selectivity with respect to the lower conductive pattern and may expose an upper surface of the lower conductive pattern adjacent a sidewall of the upper conductive pattern. An inner sidewall of one of the pair of spacers, the upper surface of the lower conductive pattern and the sidewall of the upper conductive pattern may define a space and a capping pattern may be formed on the upper conductive pattern to seal a top portion of the space, such that a cavity is disposed under the capping pattern.
Abstract:
A method and apparatus of a first device for selecting at least one of a plurality of second devices to be accessed. The method includes transmitting pieces of media data to the corresponding plurality of second devices one-to-one, and determining at least one of the plurality of second devices to be accessed by the first device according to a user's selection on the basis of the pieces of media data being reproduced by both the first device and each of the plurality of second devices.
Abstract:
In a method of reading data from a non-volatile memory device, read data is generated based on a word line voltage. The read data includes data read from a plurality of sectors included in the non-volatile memory device. Bad sector data is transferred data based on read data and bad sector information. The bad sector data corresponds to data read from at least one bad sector included in the plurality of sectors. The bad sector information is updated by checking error bits of the bad sector data. The word line voltage is generated based on the updated bad sector information.
Abstract:
A method and apparatus of a first device for selecting at least one of a plurality of second devices to be accessed. The method includes transmitting pieces of media data to the corresponding plurality of second devices one-to-one, and determining at least one of the plurality of second devices to be accessed by the first device according to a user's selection on the basis of the pieces of media data being reproduced by both the first device and each of the plurality of second devices.
Abstract:
A method and apparatus for performing Internet browsing, in which a remote communication-enabled device accesses Internet, and connects a web browsing device to the Internet through local communication. The remote communication-enabled device additionally transmits control commands and input information for controlling a web browser to the web browsing device, which in turn runs a web browser using the received control information.
Abstract:
A flash memory device is disclosed and includes a memory cell array including a plurality of sectors. Each one of the plurality of sectors includes a plurality of strings, and each of the plurality of strings includes a plurality of memory cells series connected between a string select transistor and a ground select transistor. The flash memory device also includes a plurality of string selection lines, wherein each one of the plurality of string selection lines is respectively connected to string select transistors associated the plurality of strings in one of the plurality of sectors.
Abstract:
In a method of reading data from a non-volatile memory device, read data is generated based on a word line voltage. The read data includes data read from a plurality of sectors included in the non-volatile memory device. Bad sector data is transferred data based on read data and bad sector information. The bad sector data corresponds to data read from at least one bad sector included in the plurality of sectors. The bad sector information is updated by checking error bits of the bad sector data. The word line voltage is generated based on the updated bad sector information.
Abstract:
A flash memory device and a method of programming the same include a memory cell array, a pass/fail check circuit and a control logic circuit. The memory cell array includes multiple memory cells arranged in rows and columns. The pass/fail check circuit verifies whether data bits selected by a column address during a column scan operation have program data values. The control logic circuit detects fail data bits from the selected data bits and stores the column address in response to the verification result of the pass/fail check circuit. The control logic circuit also compares a number of the fail data bits with a reference value and controls generation of the column address according to the comparison result.
Abstract:
A flash memory data storage apparatus comprises a flash memory and a flash interface. The flash memory transceives data through a flash bus group. The flash interface includes first through n'th flash input buffers that transfer data to a host bus group in stages in response to first through n'th transfer clock control signals. An i'th flash input buffer provides data through i'th input-buffer bus groups in number of at least Ni. A bus width of each of the i'th input-buffer bus groups is wider than a bus width of each of an (i−l)'th input-buffer bus groups. A period of an i'th transfer clock control signal is longer than a period of an (i−1)'th transfer clock control signal. The Ni is obtained by dividing a bus width of the flash bus group by dividing the bus width of the flash bus group by the bus width of the each of the i'th input-buffer bus groups.