摘要:
A flow verification sensor apparatus (30) is used with a constant volume pump (11) that pumps a liquid product (13) from a container (12). A plummet (32) is positioned in a flow tube (31). A sensor (33) is positioned upward from the lower end of the flow tube (31). A timer (34) measures the length of time for the plummet (32) to move from a first position to a second position after activation of the pump (11). Suitable alarms (50) are operated to indicate low flow or out of product conditions.
摘要:
A process for increasing the yield of C10 plus hydrocarbon products from a Fischer-Tropsch plant which comprises the steps of (a) separating a Fischer-Tropsch product into a wax fraction and a condensate fraction; (b) dewaxing the wax fraction to produce a high boiling intermediate; (c) hydrofinishing the high boiling intermediate; (d) dehydrating the alcohols in the condensate fraction to convert them into olefins; (e) oligomerizing the olefins to form higher molecular weight hydrocarbons; (f) hydrofinishing the oligomerization mixture; and (g) and recovering a C10 plus hydrocarbon product from the hydrofinishing zone.
摘要:
A method and apparatus for endpoint detection for the stripping of a particular material, such as photo-resist material, from a substrate surface. A beam of light is projected onto the substrate surface and the fluoresced and/or reflected light intensity at a particular wavelength band is measured by a light detector. The light intensity is converted to a numerical value and transmitted electronically to a control mechanism which determines the proper disposition of the substrate. The control mechanism controls the cessation of the stripping process and may control a substrate-handling device which sequentially transfers substrates to and from a stripping chamber.
摘要:
A display for merchandising products is disclosed. The display includes a base panel, two side panels coupled to the base panel, and a top panel coupled to the two side panels. A plurality of display panels are disposed between the two side panels. The display panels are configured to receive products. The display panels have surface treatments. At least two display panels have different surface treatments and the different surface treatments are configured to be associated with different product lines.
摘要:
A computer-implemented system and method for allowing users to interactively develop search queries is provided. The system performs query development utilizing a hierarchical concept tree stored in memory, wherein the nodes of the concept tree are concepts that describe various search topics. Parent/child relationships are created between the concepts, with children concepts describing sub-categories of a parent concept, and so on. Any concept at any level in the tree structure may be related to one or more character strings descriptive of the related concept. Query development is performed by traversing the various relationships in the hierarchical tree structure to selectively add related character strings to a potential query. According to one embodiment, the user is allowed to control the manner and extent of the traversal, and is further allowed to de-select any located concepts and character strings for further use in query development. According to another embodiment, traversal of the tree is completed according to user specification, with only limited user intervention required to select or de-select the various located character strings for inclusion in a query string. Yet another embodiment allows all query string development to be fully automated based on parameters specifying the extent of the concept tree traversal. After traversal of the tree structure is completed, the located character strings that remain selected based on user specifications are added to a query string. The query string may further be modified to include logical operations. The string may be used to manually or programmatically invoke a wide variety of tools for use in performing searches of text documents, file systems, or a collection of web pages. The system allows the contents and structure of the hierarchical concept tree to be modified by the user. Both the concepts and character strings included in the hierarchical tree may be edited by the user to include search terms tailored to specific search requirements. Additionally, relationships existing between two concepts, or between a concept and a character string, may be added, deleted, or modified to thereby allow the user to control the manner in which query development proceeds.
摘要:
A method and apparatus for detection of a particular material, such as photo-resist material, on a sample surface. A narrow beam of light is projected onto the sample surface and the fluoresced and/or reflected light intensity at a particular wavelength band is measured by a light detector. The light intensity is converted to a numerical value and transmitted electronically to a logic circuit which determines the proper disposition of the sample. The logic circuit controls a sample-handling robotic device which sequentially transfers samples to and from a stage for testing and subsequent disposition. The method is particularly useful for detecting photo-resist material on the surface of a semiconductor wafer.
摘要:
An active resistor design is adapted to implement a linearized transistor driver that includes a first FET coupled between a supply potential and an output node, with the gate of the first FET being coupled to an input node. Second and third FETs are coupled between the output node and a reference potential, with the gate of the second FET being coupled to the input node. A switching circ
摘要:
The present invention provides a novel isolated and purified strain of Sphaeropsis sp. It further provides a mycoherbicidal composition that is effective in controlling purple loosestrife, and methods for controlling purple loosestrife.
摘要:
A voltage and continuity tester consists of a positive probe, a negative probe, and a valve finder probe. An AC/DC activated loud buzzer is coupled across the positive probe and the negative probe. In the preferred embodiment, the valve finder probe is coupled to the negative probe via a diode. In operation, the voltage and continuity tester is a simple, convenient and affordable diagnostic tool used to systematically troubleshoot common problems with irrigation and other systems. The loud AC/DC activated buzzer allows diagnosis of system failures from a remote location and eliminates the need to stay within close visual range for interpretation of test results. When used to test irrigation systems, the valve finder probe allows a user to quickly and easily locate any valve in the system. In the preferred embodiment, the positive probe and the negative probe include piercing connectors that break through the insulation of a wire and directly contact the wire without having to cut the insulation.
摘要:
This invention makes possible substantially continuous flow of uniformly distributed hydrogen and hydrocarbon liquid across a densely packed catalyst bed to fill substantially the entire volume of a reactor vessel by introducing the fluids as alternate annular rings of gas and liquid (i.e. a mixture of liquid hydrocarbon and a hydrogen-containing gas) at a rate insufficient to levitate or ebullate the catalyst bed. Catalyst are selected by density, shape and size at a design feed rate of liquids and gas to prevent ebullation of the packed bed at the design feed rates. Catalysts are selected by measuring bed expansion, such as in a large pilot plant run, with hydrocarbon, hydrogen, and catalyst at the design pressures and flow velocities. The liquid and gas components of the feed flow into the bed in alternate annular rings across the full area of the bed. At the desired flow rate, such catalyst continually flows in a plug-like manner downwardly through the reactor vessel by introducing fresh catalyst at the top of the catalyst bed by laminarly flowing such catalyst in a liquid stream on a periodic or semicontinuous basis. Catalyst is similarly removed by laminarly flowing catalyst particles in a liquid stream out of the bottom of the catalyst bed. Intake for such flow is out of direct contact with the stream of gas flowing through the bed and the flow path is substantially constant in cross-sectional area and greater in diameter by several times than the diameter of the catalyst particles. The catalyst of this invention produces a plug-flowing substantially packed bed of hydroprocessing catalyst which occupies at least about 75% by volume of the reactor volume.