Scanning confocal microscope providing a continuous display
    71.
    发明授权
    Scanning confocal microscope providing a continuous display 失效
    扫描共焦显微镜提供连续显示

    公开(公告)号:US5283433A

    公开(公告)日:1994-02-01

    申请号:US958038

    申请日:1992-10-05

    申请人: Roger Y. Tsien

    发明人: Roger Y. Tsien

    IPC分类号: G01N21/64 G02B21/00 H01J3/14

    CPC分类号: G02B21/008 G02B21/0076

    摘要: A scanning confocal microscope scans a sample with an incident beam of radiation, in a raster scan pattern, causing the sample to fluoresce and emit visible radiation in at least two wavelengths. A portion of the fluorescent light retraces a portion of the path optical of incident beam, to a dichroic mirror that separates it from the incident beam for detection by a pair of photomultiplier tubes. A data processor accumulates digital data from the photomultiplier tubes to form a succession of image data frames of the sample being scanned, in the two wavelengths. Image data for a selected number of frames in each wavelength is averaged and then recorded on a single track of a recording system, in an alternating fashion with averaged data for the other wavelength. In addition, a ratio of the averaged data for the two wavelengths is delivered to a video display.

    摘要翻译: 扫描共焦显微镜以光栅扫描图案中的入射光束扫描样品,导致样品在至少两个波长内发出可见光。 荧光的一部分将入射光束的光路的一部分返回到分色镜,该分色镜将其与入射光束分离,以便由一对光电倍增管检测。 数据处理器累积来自光电倍增管的数字数据,以在两个波长内形成扫描样本的一系列图像数据帧。 对每个波长中所选择的帧数的图像数据进行平均化,然后以与其他波长的平均数据交替的方式记录在记录系统的单个轨道上。 此外,两个波长的平均数据的比率被传送到视频显示器。

    Fluorescent indicator dyes for alkali metal cations
    72.
    发明授权
    Fluorescent indicator dyes for alkali metal cations 失效
    用于碱金属阳离子的荧光指示剂染料

    公开(公告)号:US5134232A

    公开(公告)日:1992-07-28

    申请号:US391879

    申请日:1989-08-09

    摘要: The invention discloses fluorescent chelator compounds that are especially useful to monitor and measure cytosolic concentrations of alkali metal cations such as Na.sup.+, K.sup.+, and Li.sup.+. The new compounds are comprised of: (1) crown ethers (that may or may not have substituent groups attached to the core carbons, but will always contain at least one core nitrogen) that are linked via the core nitrogen(s) to at least one (2) fluorophore that contains an additional heteroaromatic liganding center. In the currently preferred dye, SBFI, the core compound is crown ether 1,7-diaza-4,10,13-trioxacyclopentadecane and the heteroaromatic fluorophores are benzofurans that are linked to isophthalate groups. Selectivities for Na.sup.+ over K.sup.+ of about 20 are observed, resulting in effective dissociation constants for Na.sup.+ of about 20 mM against a background of 120 mM K.sup.+. Increasing [Na.sup.+ ] increases the ratio of excitation efficiency at 330-345 nm to that at 370-390 nm with emission collected at 450-550 nm, so that ratio fluorometry and imaging work at the same wavelengths as used with the well-known Ca.sup.2+ indicator fura-2. If the macrocyclic ring is increased in size to a 1,10-diaza-4,7,13,16-tetraoxacyclooctadecane, the chelators become selective for K.sup.+ over Na.sup.+. If the ring is decreased in size, for example to a 1,7-diaza-4,10-dioxacyclododecane, the chelators become selective for Li.sup.+ over Na.sup.+.

    摘要翻译: 本发明公开了特别可用于监测和测量碱金属阳离子如Na +,K +和Li +的胞质浓度的荧光螯合剂化合物。 新化合物包括:(1)冠醚(其可以具有或不具有连接到核心碳上的取代基但总是含有至少一个核心氮),其通过核心氮至少连接至少 一个(2)荧光团,其中包含一个额外的杂芳族结合中心。 在目前优选的染料中,SBFI,核心化合物是冠醚1,7二氮杂-4,10,13-三氧杂环十五烷,杂芳族荧光团是与间苯二酸酯基团连接的苯并呋喃。 观察到Na +在K +上约20的选择性,导致对于120mM K +背景的Na +约20mM的有效解离常数。 增加[Na +]增加了在330-345nm处的激发效率与在370-390nm的激发效率的比率,其中在450-550nm收集的发射,使得比例荧光测定和成像工作在与公知的Ca2 + 指标fura-2。 如果大环的大小增加到1,10-二氮杂-4,7,13,16-四氧杂环十八烷,则螯合剂对于Na +而言对K +变得选择性。 如果环尺寸减小,例如减小到1,7-diaza-4,10-二氧杂环十二烷,那么螯合剂对Na +的选择性变得更高。

    Chelators whose affinity for calcium is decreased by illumination
    73.
    发明授权
    Chelators whose affinity for calcium is decreased by illumination 失效
    通过照明降低钙对钙的亲和力的螯合剂

    公开(公告)号:US4689432A

    公开(公告)日:1987-08-25

    申请号:US648536

    申请日:1984-09-07

    摘要: The present invention discloses a group of calcium chelating compounds which have a descreased affinity for calcium following illumination. These new compounds contain a photolabile nitrobenzyl derivative coupled to a tetracarboxylate Ca.sup.2+ chelating parent compound having the octacoordinate chelating groups characteristic of EGTA or BAPTA. In a first form, the new compounds are comprised of a BAPTA-like chelator coupled to a single 2-nitrobenzyl derivative, which in turn is a photochemical precursor of a 2-nitrosobenzophenone. In a second form, the new compounds are comprised of a BAPTA-like chelator coupled to two 2-nitrobenzyl derivatives, themselves photochemical prcursors of the related 2-nitrosobenzophenones.The present invention also discloses a novel method for preparing 1-hydroxy- or 1-alkoxy-1-(2-nitroaryl)-1-aryl methanes. Methanes of this type are critical to the preparation of, or actually constitute, the photolabile Ca.sup.2+ chelating compounds disclosed and claimed herein.

    摘要翻译: 本发明公开了一种钙照射后对钙的亲和力降低的钙螯合化合物。 这些新化合物含有偶联到具有EGTA或BAPTA特征的八配位螯合基团的四羧酸盐Ca 2+螯合母体化合物的光不稳定的硝基苄基衍生物。 在第一种形式中,新化合物由与单一2-硝基苄基衍生物偶联的BAPTA样螯合剂组成,其又是2-亚硝基二苯甲酮的光化学前体。 在第二种形式中,新化合物由与两个2-硝基苄基衍生物偶联的BAPTA样螯合剂组成,它们本身是相关的2-亚硝基二苯甲酮的光化学原子。 本发明还公开了一种制备1-羟基 - 或1-烷氧基-1-(2-硝基芳基)-1-芳基甲烷的新方法。 这种类型的甲烷对于制备或实际构成本文公开和要求保护的光不稳定的Ca 2+螯合化合物至关重要。

    Peptides whose uptake by cells is controllable
    75.
    发明授权
    Peptides whose uptake by cells is controllable 有权
    细胞摄取的肽是可控的

    公开(公告)号:US08642561B2

    公开(公告)日:2014-02-04

    申请号:US13314134

    申请日:2011-12-07

    摘要: A generic structure for the peptides of the present invention includes A-X-B-C, where C is a cargo moiety, the B portion includes basic amino acids, X is a cleavable linker sequence, and the A portion includes acidic amino acids. The intact structure is not significantly taken up by cells; however, upon extracellular cleavage of X, the B-C portion is taken up, delivering the cargo to targeted cells. Cargo may be, for example, a contrast agent for diagnostic imaging, a chemotherapeutic drug, or a radiation-sensitizer for therapy. Cleavage of X allows separation of A from B, unmasking the normal ability of the basic amino acids in B to drag cargo C into cells near the cleavage event. X is cleaved extracellularly, preferably under physiological conditions. D-amino acids are preferred for the A and B portions, to minimize immunogenicity and nonspecific cleavage by background peptidases or proteases.

    摘要翻译: 本发明的肽的一般结构包括A-X-B-C,其中C是货物部分,B部分包括碱性氨基酸,X是可切割的接头序列,A部分包括酸性氨基酸。 完整结构不被细胞所占据; 然而,在X的细胞外裂解时,B-C部分被吸收,将货物运送到靶细胞。 货物可以是例如用于诊断成像的对比剂,化学治疗药物或用于治疗的放射线敏化剂。 X的裂解允许A与B分离,揭示B中碱性氨基酸的正常能力,将货物C拖入裂解事件附近的细胞。 X在细胞外裂解,优选在生理条件下。 对于A和B部分,D-氨基酸是优选的,以使由背景肽酶或蛋白酶的免疫原性和非特异性切割最小化。

    PROTEINS THAT EFFICIENTLY GENERATE SINGLET OXYGEN
    76.
    发明申请
    PROTEINS THAT EFFICIENTLY GENERATE SINGLET OXYGEN 有权
    蛋白质能有效地产生单一氧气

    公开(公告)号:US20130330718A1

    公开(公告)日:2013-12-12

    申请号:US13992540

    申请日:2011-12-07

    IPC分类号: G01N21/64 C07K14/00

    摘要: The present invention provides miniSOG proteins, polynucleotides, and methods of use. When expressed in a bacterial or mammalian cell, miniSOG proteins spontaneously incorporate flavin mononucleotide and produce fluorescence and singlet oxygen upon excitation. Uses include optical and electron microscope imaging, in vivo imaging, detection and localization of protein-protein interactions, and photoablation.

    摘要翻译: 本发明提供了miniSOG蛋白,多核苷酸和使用方法。 当在细菌或哺乳动物细胞中表达时,miniSOG蛋白自发并入黄素单核苷酸,并在激发时产生荧光和单线态氧。 用途包括光学和电子显微镜成像,体内成像,蛋白质 - 蛋白质相互作用的检测和定位以及光消融。

    Substrates for beta-lactamase and uses thereof
    77.
    发明授权
    Substrates for beta-lactamase and uses thereof 有权
    β-内酰胺酶底物及其用途

    公开(公告)号:US08071761B2

    公开(公告)日:2011-12-06

    申请号:US11606642

    申请日:2006-11-29

    IPC分类号: C07D501/14

    摘要: Substrates for β-lactamase of the general formula I in which one of X and Y is a fluorescent donor moiety and the other is a quencher (which may or may not re-emit); R′ is selected from the group consisting of H, lower (i.e., alkyl of 1 to about 5 carbon atoms) and (CH2)nOH, in which n is 0 or an integer from 1 to 5; R″ is selected from the group consisting of H, physiologically acceptable metal and ammonium cations, —CHR2OCO(CH2)nCH3, —CHR2OCOC (CH3)3, acylthiomethyl, acyloxy-alpha-benzyl, delta-butyrolactonyl, methoxycarbonyloxymethyl, phenyl, methylsulphinylmethyl, beta-morpholinoethyl, dialkylaminoethyl, acyloxyalkyl, dialkylaminocarbonyloxymethyl and aliphatic, in which R2 is selected from the group consisting of H and lower alkyl; A is selected from the group consisting of S, O, SO, SO2 and CH2; and Z′ and Z″ are linkers for the fluorescent donor and quencher moieties. Methods of assaying β-lactamase activity and monitoring expression in systems using β-lactamase as a reporter gene also are disclosed.

    摘要翻译: X和Y中的一个是荧光供体部分,另一个是猝灭剂(其可以或不再发射)的通式I的β-内酰胺酶底物; R'选自H,低级(即1至约5个碳原子的烷基)和(CH 2)nOH,其中n为0或1至5的整数; -CH 2 COO(CH 2)n CH 3,-CHR 2 OCOC(CH 3)3,酰基硫代甲基,酰氧基-α-苄基,δ-丁基内酰胺,甲氧基羰氧基甲基,苯基,甲基亚磺酰基甲基, β-吗啉基乙基,二烷基氨基乙基,酰氧基烷基,二烷基氨基羰氧基甲基和脂族基,其中R2选自H和低级烷基; A选自S,O,SO,SO 2和CH 2; 和Z'和Z“是荧光供体和猝灭剂部分的接头。 公开了使用β-内酰胺酶作为报道基因的系统中测定β-内酰胺酶活性和监​​测表达的方法。

    Fluorescent protein sensors for detection of analytes
    78.
    发明授权
    Fluorescent protein sensors for detection of analytes 有权
    用于检测分析物的荧光蛋白传感器

    公开(公告)号:US07993879B2

    公开(公告)日:2011-08-09

    申请号:US11334622

    申请日:2006-01-17

    IPC分类号: C07K1/00

    摘要: Fluorescent indicators including a binding protein moiety, a donor fluorescent protein moiety, and an acceptor fluorescent protein moiety are described. The binding protein moiety has an analyte-binding region which binds an analyte and causes the indicator to change conformation upon exposure to the analyte. The donor moiety and the acceptor moiety change position relative to each other when the analyte binds to the analyte-binding region. The donor moiety and the acceptor moiety exhibit fluorescence resonance energy transfer when the donor moiety is excited and the distance between the donor moiety and the acceptor moiety is small. The indicators can be used to measure analyte concentrations in samples, such as calcium ion concentrations in cells.

    摘要翻译: 描述了包括结合蛋白质部分,供体荧光蛋白部分和受体荧光蛋白部分的荧光指示剂。 结合蛋白部分具有结合分析物的分析物结合区域,并使得指示剂在暴露于分析物时改变构象。 当分析物结合到分析物结合区域时,供体部分和受体部分相对于彼此改变位置。 当供体部分被激发并且供体部分和受体部分之间的距离小时,供体部分和受体部分显示荧光共振能量转移。 指标可用于测量样品中的分析物浓度,如细胞中的钙离子浓度。

    Monomeric and dimeric fluorescent protein variants and methods for making same
    79.
    发明授权
    Monomeric and dimeric fluorescent protein variants and methods for making same 有权
    单体和二聚体荧光蛋白变体及其制备方法

    公开(公告)号:US07906636B2

    公开(公告)日:2011-03-15

    申请号:US12618624

    申请日:2009-11-13

    IPC分类号: C07H21/04 A61K38/00

    摘要: The present invention relates generally to fluorescent proteins and fluorescent protein variants, and more specifically to monomeric and dimeric forms of Anthozoan fluorescent proteins. In one aspect, the present invention provides variants of fluorescent proteins, where the variants have a reduced propensity to tetramerize, and form dimeric or monomeric structures. In a further aspect, the present invention provides variants of fluorescent proteins, the variants being characterized by more efficient maturation than corresponding fluorescent proteins from which they are derived. The invention also relates to methods of making and using such fluorescent proteins and fluorescent protein variants, including fluorescent protein monomers and dimers.

    摘要翻译: 本发明一般涉及荧光蛋白和荧光蛋白变体,更具体地涉及Anthozoan荧光蛋白的单体和二聚体形式。 在一个方面,本发明提供荧光蛋白的变体,其中变体具有降低的四聚体倾向并形成二聚体或单体结构。 在另一方面,本发明提供荧光蛋白的变体,所述变体的特征在于比它们衍生的相应荧光蛋白更有效的成熟。 本发明还涉及制备和使用这些荧光蛋白和荧光蛋白变体(包括荧光蛋白单体和二聚体)的方法。

    DRUG CONTROLLED MOLECULAR TAGS
    80.
    发明申请
    DRUG CONTROLLED MOLECULAR TAGS 有权
    药物控制分子标签

    公开(公告)号:US20100041092A1

    公开(公告)日:2010-02-18

    申请号:US12443411

    申请日:2007-09-28

    CPC分类号: C12Q1/37 G01N33/582

    摘要: The disclosure provides method and compositions for visualizing protein turnover. In particular, the disclosure provides methods and compositions useful for measuring the age of particular proteins or the dynamics of localized protein translation.

    摘要翻译: 本公开提供了用于可视化蛋白质周转的方法和组合物。 具体地,本公开提供了可用于测量特定蛋白质的年龄或局部蛋白质翻译的动力学的方法和组合物。