公开(公告)号：US20180327278A1

公开(公告)日：2018-11-15

申请号：US16042423

申请日：2018-07-23

申请人： Massachusetts Institute of Technology

发明人： Prakash Narayan Govindan ,  Mostafa H. Elsharqawy ,  Steven Lam ,  Maximus G. St. John ,  John H. Lienhard

IPC分类号： C02F1/04 ,  B01D19/00 ,  B01D1/14

CPC分类号： C02F1/048 ,  B01D1/14 ,  B01D3/065 ,  B01D3/146 ,  B01D3/32 ,  B01D19/0015 ,  C02F1/06 ,  C02F2103/08 ,  C02F2103/10

摘要： A feed liquid flows into a second-stage humidifier chamber to form a second-stage humidifier bath. A first remnant of the feed liquid from the second-stage humidifier chamber then flows into a first-stage humidifier chamber to form a first-stage humidifier bath having a temperature lower than that of the second-stage bath. A second remnant of the feed liquid is then removed from the first-stage humidifier. Meanwhile, a carrier gas is injected into and bubbled through the first-stage humidifier bath, collecting a vaporizable component in vapor form from the first remnant of the feed liquid to partially humidify the carrier gas. The partially humidified carrier gas is then bubbled through the second-stage humidifier bath, where the carrier gas collects more of the vaporizable component in vapor form from the feed liquid to further humidify the carrier gas before the humidified carrier gas is removed from the second-stage humidifier chamber.

公开(公告)号：US09962623B2

公开(公告)日：2018-05-08

申请号：US14363360

申请日：2012-12-06

申请人： BUTAMAX ADVANCED BIOFUELS LLC

发明人： Joseph J. Zaher ,  Steven Christopher Barr ,  Robert W. Sylvester ,  Aidan Hurley

IPC分类号： B01D3/00 ,  B01D3/06

CPC分类号： B01D3/001 ,  B01D3/002 ,  B01D3/065

摘要： The present invention relates to processes to remove butanol and other product alcohols from a fermentation broth employing vacuum vaporization.

公开(公告)号：US09931582B2

公开(公告)日：2018-04-03

申请号：US15174915

申请日：2016-06-06

申请人： Drystill Holdings Inc.

发明人： Steve Furlong ,  Ian R. McGregor ,  Christopher H. Belchers

IPC分类号： B01D1/28 ,  B01D3/00 ,  B01D3/06 ,  B01D53/26 ,  B01D53/34

CPC分类号： B01D1/2856 ,  B01D3/002 ,  B01D3/007 ,  B01D3/065 ,  B01D53/263 ,  B01D53/343 ,  B01D2252/10 ,  B01D2257/80 ,  B01D2258/0283

摘要： Disclosed is a process for use with flue gas having a moisture content M. The flue gas is introduced to strong brine adapted to exothermically absorb moisture. Simultaneously, heat is withdrawn. This produces heat, water-enriched brine and a gas having a moisture concentration less than M. The strong brine can be recovered by distillation from enriched brine to produce water. The brine temperature throughout absorption can remain within 2° F. of a temperature T in the range 220° F.-300° F. The heat withdrawal can be associated with gas-liquid phase change of a working fluid. The terminus of the heat flow can be associated with gas-liquid phase change of the working fluid. The working fluid can: as liquid, flow only by gravity, convection or wicking; and, as gas, flow only by diffusion or convection. The heat flow can drive a boiler producing steam. M can be greater than 15 wt. % water.

公开(公告)号：US20180008903A1

公开(公告)日：2018-01-11

申请号：US15686695

申请日：2017-08-25

申请人： Rickey S. Lutterbach

发明人： Rickey S. Lutterbach

IPC分类号： B01D3/14 ,  C02F1/04 ,  B01D3/10 ,  C02F1/18

CPC分类号： B01D3/143 ,  B01D1/0076 ,  B01D1/0082 ,  B01D1/0088 ,  B01D3/065 ,  B01D3/10 ,  B01D3/146 ,  B01D5/0003 ,  B01D5/0051 ,  C02F1/048 ,  C02F1/14 ,  C02F1/18 ,  C02F2201/007 ,  C02F2201/008 ,  Y02A20/212 ,  Y02W10/37

摘要： Processes and systems suitable for purifying or otherwise treating liquids to remove contaminants therein, including but not limited to contaminated water, to permit reclaiming, recycling, and reuse of the liquids. Such a process and system entails the use of a cascading distillation system that evaporates a liquid from the feedstock and then condenses and collects a more purified form of the liquid. The cascading distillation system can be operated to selectively process the feedstock through any of a series of vessels at which different amounts and/or contaminants may be removed from the feedstock.

公开(公告)号：US20170355630A1

公开(公告)日：2017-12-14

申请号：US15468946

申请日：2017-03-24

申请人： Mission West, LLC

发明人： Stephen Ernest Hardwick ,  David Carol Harris ,  Nelson David Henry

IPC分类号： C02F9/00 ,  C02F1/02 ,  C02F1/04 ,  C02F1/00 ,  C02F1/26

CPC分类号： B01D1/0017 ,  B01D3/00 ,  B01D3/007 ,  B01D3/065 ,  C02F1/06 ,  C02F1/16 ,  C02F2201/008 ,  C02F2301/08

摘要： A system for treating a produced water stream to separate the water into a final concentrated brine stream and a final distillate stream includes a first flash vessel for separating the produced water stream into a first distillate stream and a first concentrated brine stream, a second flash vessel connected to the first flash vessel separates the first concentrated brine stream into a second distillate stream and a second concentrated brine stream, a third flash vessel connected to the second flash vessel separates the second concentrated brine stream into a third distillate stream and a final concentrated brine stream, a first pre-heater heat exchanger for heating the produced water stream by the final distillate stream of combination of the first distillate stream from the first flash vessel, the second distillate stream from the second flash vessel and the third distillate stream from the third flash vessel, a second pre-heater heat exchanger connected to the first pre-heater heat exchanger, for heating the produced water stream from the first pre-heater heat exchanger by the concentrated brine stream from the third flash vessel, a third pre-heater heat exchanger connected to the second pre-heater heat exchanger, for heating the produced water stream from the second pre-heater heat exchanger by the third distillate stream from the third flash vessel, a pump connected to the third pre-heater heat exchanger for pumping the produced water stream at positive pressure, an electrical heater connected to the pump for heating the produced water stream, and a waste heat exchanger connected to the first electrical heater for heating the produced water stream.

公开(公告)号：US20170327446A1

公开(公告)日：2017-11-16

申请号：US15521033

申请日：2015-11-26

申请人： DALIAN INSTITUTE OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS, CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES

发明人： Tao ZHANG ,  Shuo AI ,  Mingyuan ZHENG ,  Aiqin WANG ,  Weizhen LI ,  Xiaodong WANG

IPC分类号： C07C29/80 ,  C07C1/24 ,  B01D15/08 ,  B01D3/10 ,  C07C31/18 ,  B01D3/06 ,  B01J29/40

CPC分类号： C07C29/80 ,  B01D1/26 ,  B01D3/009 ,  B01D3/065 ,  B01D3/10 ,  B01D3/146 ,  B01D15/08 ,  B01J29/40 ,  C07C1/24 ,  C07C29/88 ,  C07C31/18 ,  C07C31/202

摘要： This invention discloses an approach for the separation of the close-boiling mixture of polyols. The raw material is ethylene glycol containing miscellaneous polyols (such as 1,2-propylene glycol and 1,2-butanediol). Over an acid catalyst, these miscellaneous polyols, through (1) a dehydration reaction, (2) pinacol rearrangement, and (3) acetalization or ketalization reaction, are converted into aldehydes (small amounts), acetals, and ketals (trace amount), which are simultaneously and readily separated via distillation. Meanwhile, after the reaction, the mixture is further separated to obtain an ethylene glycol product at a high purity. The invention provides a technique to remove the miscellaneous polyols from ethylene glycol via liquid-phase dehydration reactions under mild conditions, with low energy consumption. In particular, this approach is markedly effective for the removal of 1,2-butanediol that is difficult to be removed via conventional techniques. The purity of the resulting ethylene glycol product is high, and value-added acetals or ketals are co-produced.

公开(公告)号：US20170029290A1

公开(公告)日：2017-02-02

申请号：US15303262

申请日：2015-04-03

申请人： Murdoch University

发明人： Bijan RAHIMI ,  Hui Tong CHUA ,  Alexander CHRIST

IPC分类号： C02F1/16 ,  C02F1/06 ,  B01D3/06 ,  C02F1/04 ,  B01D3/14 ,  B01D1/00

CPC分类号： C02F1/16 ,  B01D1/0058 ,  B01D3/065 ,  B01D3/146 ,  C02F1/041 ,  C02F1/06 ,  C02F2103/08 ,  Y02A20/128

摘要： The invention discloses a method of removing dissolved elements from a liquid. The method comprises a first heating step for heating the liquid using a first heat source, a plurality of distillation steps for purifying the liquid heated by the first heating step, each of the plurality of distillation steps comprising at least one evaporation step and at least one condensation step, and a second heating step, using a second heat source to heat a plurality of flashing chambers, each generating a volume of vapor; wherein the vapor from at least one of the plurality of flashing chambers of the second heating step is introduced into at least one of the plurality of distillation steps.

摘要翻译： 本发明公开了一种从液体中除去溶解的元素的方法。 该方法包括使用第一热源加热液体的第一加热步骤，用于净化由第一加热步骤加热的液体的多个蒸馏步骤，多个蒸馏步骤中的每一个包括至少一个蒸发步骤和至少一个蒸发步骤 冷凝步骤和第二加热步骤，使用第二热源来加热多个闪蒸室，每个闪蒸室产生一定体积的蒸气; 其中来自第二加热步骤的多个闪蒸室中的至少一个的蒸气被引入多个蒸馏步骤中的至少一个。

公开(公告)号：US09440162B2

公开(公告)日：2016-09-13

申请号：US13613329

申请日：2012-09-13

申请人： Shyam V. Dighe

发明人： Shyam V. Dighe

IPC分类号： C02F1/04 ,  B01D1/26 ,  B01D1/00 ,  B01D1/16 ,  B01D1/30 ,  B01D3/06 ,  B01D5/00 ,  C02F1/06 ,  C02F1/16 ,  C02F1/52 ,  C02F103/10

CPC分类号： B01D1/26 ,  B01D1/0058 ,  B01D1/16 ,  B01D1/305 ,  B01D3/06 ,  B01D3/065 ,  B01D5/0039 ,  B01D5/006 ,  B01D9/0059 ,  C02F1/048 ,  C02F1/06 ,  C02F1/16 ,  C02F1/20 ,  C02F1/52 ,  C02F2001/5218 ,  C02F2103/10 ,  C02F2209/02 ,  C02F2209/03 ,  C02F2301/063 ,  C02F2301/066 ,  C02F2301/08

摘要： A system and method for treating waste water includes: receiving waste water at a first pressure and a first temperature, the waste water including dissolved solids and volatile organic compounds; pressurizing, by a pump, the received waste water to a second pressure greater than the first pressure; preheating, by a preheater, the pressurized waste water to produce distilled water and a pressurized/preheated waste water; heating, by a heater, the pressurized/preheated waste water to a second temperature greater than the first temperature to produce pressurized/heated waste water; removing, by a flash evaporator, dissolved solids from the pressurized/heated waste water by evaporation to produce steam and brine water, wherein the brine water has a total dissolved solids content greater than a total dissolved solids content of the received waste water; and crystallizing, by a plasma crystallizer, the brine water to produce a solid mass of waste product and steam.

摘要翻译： 用于处理废水的系统和方法包括：在第一压力和第一温度下接收废水，废水包括溶解的固体和挥发性有机化合物; 通过泵将所接收的废水加压到大于第一压力的第二压力; 通过预热器预热加压废水以产生蒸馏水和加压/预热的废水; 通过加热器将加压/预热的废水加热到大于第一温度的第二温度以产生加压/加热的废水; 通过蒸发器从闪蒸器除去来自加压/加热废水的溶解的固体，以产生蒸汽和盐水，其中盐水的总溶解固体含量大于接收到的废水的总溶解固体含量; 并通过等离子体结晶器结晶盐水，​​产生废物和蒸汽的固体物质。

公开(公告)号：US09393502B1

公开(公告)日：2016-07-19

申请号：US14790993

申请日：2015-07-02

申请人： KING SAUD UNIVERSITY

发明人： Obida Mohamed Zeitoun ,  Hany Abdelrahman Alansary ,  Abdullah Othman Nuhait

IPC分类号： C02F1/04 ,  B01D3/06 ,  B01D3/00 ,  C02F1/06 ,  B01D1/28 ,  B01D1/26 ,  C02F103/08

CPC分类号： B01D3/065 ,  B01D1/26 ,  B01D1/28 ,  B01D3/007 ,  C02F1/041 ,  C02F1/06 ,  C02F2103/08 ,  C02F2301/08 ,  Y02A20/128

摘要： The desalination system is a multi-stage flash desalination (MSF) system. Each stage has a P-shaped chamber having a flashing section extending vertically, a condensing section extending horizontally to overlay the flashing section of the next succeeding stage, and a demister (a device to separate liquid droplets entrained in vapor) separating the flashing section and the condensing section. One or more heat pipes extend between the condensing section of each stage and the flashing section of the next succeeding stage in order to transfer heat released by the condensing vapor in one section to the colder flashing section of the next succeeding chamber. The system includes a seawater-cooled condenser in the last stage to recover fresh water from the water vapor. The system may be modified by replacing or supplementing the condenser in the last stage with a thermal vapor compressor (TVC) to transfer vapor to the first stage.

摘要翻译： 淡化系统是一个多级闪蒸脱盐（MSF）系统。 每个阶段具有一个P形室，其具有垂直延伸的闪光部分，水平延伸以覆盖下一个后续阶段的闪光部分的冷凝部分和分离闪光部分的除雾器（用于分离夹带在蒸汽中的液滴的装置） 冷凝段。 一个或多个热管在每个阶段的冷凝部分和下一个后续阶段的闪蒸部分之间延伸，以将由一个部分中的冷凝蒸汽释放的热量传递到下一个后续室的较冷的闪蒸部分。 该系统在最后阶段包括海水冷却的冷凝器，以从水蒸气中回收淡水。 可以通过用热蒸汽压缩机（TVC）替换或补充最后阶段的冷凝器来将蒸气传递到第一阶段来进行修改。

公开(公告)号：US20150360970A1

公开(公告)日：2015-12-17

申请号：US14724803

申请日：2015-05-28

申请人： Gary P. Katz

发明人： Gary P. Katz

IPC分类号： C02F1/04 ,  B01D3/00

CPC分类号： C02F1/048 ,  B01D3/065 ,  C02F1/041 ,  C02F1/042 ,  C02F2103/023 ,  C02F2209/005 ,  C02F2303/22 ,  Y02W10/37

摘要： An apparatus, system and method to remove purified vapor from a contaminated fluid. This apparatus may be a modified heat exchanger. The apparatus comprises an inlet wherein contaminated fluid flows in the apparatus through the inlet; at least two outlets wherein a first outlet exits purified vapor and a second outlet wherein contaminated fluid with a portion removed as purified vapor exits the apparatus; an energy source that causes the contaminated fluid to heat to a temperature wherein at least a portion of the contaminated fluid is converted to purified vapor; at least two different flow paths from at least one inlet to the first outlet and second outlet, the first and second flow paths flow through at least a portion of the apparatus wherein differences causes the lighter purified vapor to take a different path than the heavier contaminated with the purified vapor exiting the first outlet and the contaminated fluid exiting the second outlet. Herein also disclosed is a heat exchange system. Such a system comprises the apparatus described herein. Herein also described is a process that utilizes the apparatus disclosed herein. Such a process comprises the separation of a vapor volatile component from a non-volatile component in a mixture. In some cases, the non volatile component comprises a salt or a sugar and the volatile component comprises water.

摘要翻译： 从被污染的流体中除去净化蒸汽的装置，系统和方法。 该装置可以是改进的热交换器。 该装置包括入口，其中被污染的流体通过入口在装置中流动; 至少两个出口，其中第一出口离开净化的蒸气和第二出口，其中被净化蒸气除去的部分的污染流体离开设备; 能量源，其使污染的流体加热到其中至少一部分被污染的流体被转化为纯化蒸气的温度; 从至少一个入口到第一出口和第二出口的至少两个不同的流动路径，第一和第二流动路径流过装置的至少一部分，其中差异导致较轻的纯化蒸汽采取与较重污染的不同的路径 净化的蒸汽离开第一出口并且污染的流体离开第二出口。 这里还公开了一种热交换系统。 这样的系统包括本文所述的装置。 这里还描述了利用本文公开的装置的方法。 这种方法包括将蒸汽挥发性组分与混合物中的非挥发性组分分离。 在一些情况下，非挥发性组分包括盐或糖，挥发性组分包括水。