公开(公告)号：US4681023A

公开(公告)日：1987-07-21

申请号：US782633

申请日：1985-09-30

Applicant: Karl Eickmann

Inventor： Karl Eickmann

IPC: F04B1/20 ,  F01B13/06

CPC classification number: F04B1/20 ,  B64C2700/6281 ,  F02F2200/04 ,  F05C2201/0448 ,  F05C2201/046

Abstract: On piston shoes in radial piston pumps, motors and engines the radial load which is excerted by the pressure under the piston onto the piston shoe is to a high rate borne by hydrostatic bearings between the piston shoe and the inner guide face of the piston stroke actuator ring. At high revolutions per given time the centrifugal forces appearing from the masses of piston and shoe increase drastically which results therein, that the bearing capacity of the hydrostatic bearing fails to bear the increased load. The invention gives rules how additional hydrodynamic bearing portions can become provided on the outer portions of the piston shoes, whereby those portions will carry an additional load by hydrodynamic actions. Since the bearing capacity of such bearing portions increases with increase of the rotary speed of the device, the applicable range of revolutions per minute can be increased by the application of the invention.

Abstract translation: 在径向柱塞泵，电动机和发动机的活塞式鞋上，活塞底下的活塞压力所产生的径向载荷是活塞靴与活塞冲程执行机构的内导向面之间的静压轴承所承受的高速率 环。 在每次给定时间的高转速下，活塞和滑块质量出现的离心力急剧升高，导致静压轴承的承载能力不能承受增加的载荷。 本发明给出了如何在活塞鞋的外部部分上设置额外的流体动力轴承部分的规则，由此这些部分将通过流体动力作用承载额外的负载。 由于这种轴承部分的承载能力随着装置的转速的增加而增加，所以通过应用本发明可以提高适用的每分钟转数。

公开(公告)号：US4649806A

公开(公告)日：1987-03-17

申请号：US719858

申请日：1985-04-04

Applicant: Dale L. Hartsock

Inventor： Dale L. Hartsock

IPC: F02F1/00 ,  B22D19/00 ,  B22D19/04 ,  B22D19/08 ,  F02F3/00 ,  F02F3/04 ,  F02F7/00 ,  F16J1/01

CPC classification number: F02F3/003 ,  F02F7/0087 ,  F05C2201/021 ,  F05C2201/0448 ,  F05C2251/042

Abstract: An integrally cast composite piston assembly is disclosed which is effective to carry a ceramic plate in an iron based cap. The assembly comprises a cylindrical piston body, preferably of aluminum, having a crown top, an annular crown side wall with an upper edge, and an annular undercut surface terminating the crown side wall. The undercut surface must make an angle with a plane extending perpendicular to the axis of the piston, the angle being substantially equal to the arc tangent of H/R where H is the median distance of the undercut surface from the plane and R is the median radius of the undercut surface from the axis of the piston. The assembly further comprises the cylindrical iron-based cap disposed on the piston body crown top and having a cap side wall depending about the crown side wall, the cap side wall having an annular lip extending radially inwardly from the cap side wall, the lip having a surface mateable with the undercut surface of the piston body so that there exists a tightly stressed camming relationship between the mateable surfaces as a result of the shrinkage of the piston body upon solidification.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种整体铸造的复合活塞组件，其有效地将陶瓷板运载在铁基盖中。 组件包括优选为铝的圆柱形活塞体，其具有冠顶，具有上边缘的环形冠侧壁和终止冠侧壁的环形底切面。 底切表面必须与垂直于活塞轴线延伸的平面形成一个角度，该角度基本上等于H / R的反正切，其中H是底切面与平面的中间距离，R是中值 底切面从活塞轴线的半径。 组件还包括设置在活塞体冠顶上的圆柱形铁基帽，并且具有围绕冠侧壁悬挂的帽侧壁，帽侧壁具有从帽侧壁径向向内延伸的环形唇缘，唇缘具有 表面可与活塞体的底切表面配合，使得由于活化体在凝固时的收缩而在可配合表面之间存在紧密的应力凸轮关系。

公开(公告)号：US4648308A

公开(公告)日：1987-03-10

申请号：US708397

申请日：1985-03-05

Applicant: Minoru Matsui ,  Nobuo Tsuno

Inventor： Minoru Matsui ,  Nobuo Tsuno

IPC: F02F3/00 ,  F02B3/06 ,  F02B23/06 ,  F02B77/11 ,  F02F3/12 ,  F02F7/00 ,  F16J1/01

CPC classification number: F02F3/12 ,  F02B23/0603 ,  F02B23/0696 ,  F02B77/11 ,  F02F7/0087 ,  F02B2023/0612 ,  F02B3/06 ,  F05C2201/0448 ,  F05C2251/042 ,  F05C2253/16 ,  G02B6/357 ,  Y02T10/125 ,  Y10T29/49272

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an internal combustion engine piston comprising a piston cap formed from a plurality of ceramic pieces, and a metal piston body, the piston cap being fixed to the top portion of the metal piston body, wherein the piston cap is made of one or more types of ceramic materials, and the ceramic pieces constituting the ceramic cap and the metal piston body are bonded together through a metallized layer coated onto the ceramic pieces and a metal-plated layer coated onto the metallized layer in such a manner that the bonding area between the ceramic piece or pieces and the metal piston body may be larger at a top central portion of the metal piston body than that between the ceramic piece or pieces and the metal piston body at another portion thereof. Also disclosed is a method of producing the same.

Abstract translation: 本发明公开了一种内燃机活塞，其包括由多个陶瓷片形成的活塞帽和金属活塞体，所述活塞盖固定在所述金属活塞体的顶部，其中所述活塞盖由一个或多个 更多类型的陶瓷材料和构成陶瓷帽和金属活塞体的陶瓷片通过涂覆在陶瓷片上的金属化层和涂覆在金属化层上的金属镀层以这样一种方式结合在一起，即接合面积 在陶瓷片或金属活塞体之间，在金属活塞体的顶部中央部分的陶瓷片或金属活塞体的另一部分之间的距离可以大于陶瓷片或金属活塞体之间。 还公开了其制造方法。

公开(公告)号：US4614185A

公开(公告)日：1986-09-30

申请号：US727864

申请日：1985-04-26

Applicant: Richard C. Fox

Inventor： Richard C. Fox

IPC: F02F1/00 ,  F16J10/04 ,  F02B75/08

CPC classification number: F02F1/00 ,  F16J10/04 ,  F05C2201/021 ,  F05C2201/0448 ,  F05C2201/0475 ,  F05C2203/04

Abstract: A method for constructing and breaking in piston engines includes applying an integral phosphate layer to the interior cylinder wall prior to the insertion of the piston into a cylinder. The invention includes the improved engine so constructed. The phosphate layer decreases oil consumption and improves piston ring seating in such an engine. The phosphatizing solution includes a zinc or manganese salt in phosphoric acid at a pH between about 2.5 and 4.

Abstract translation: 在活塞发动机中构造和断裂的方法包括在将活塞插入气缸内之前，向内筒壁施加一体的磷酸盐层。 本发明包括如此构造的改进的发动机。 磷酸盐层可降低油耗并改善这种发动机中的活塞环座位。 磷酸化溶液包括在约2.5和4之间的磷酸中的锌或锰盐。

公开(公告)号：US4604945A

公开(公告)日：1986-08-12

申请号：US709144

申请日：1985-03-07

Applicant: Howard Mizuhara

Inventor： Howard Mizuhara

IPC: F02B3/06 ,  F02B77/11 ,  F02F3/12 ,  F02F7/00

CPC classification number: F02F3/12 ,  F02F7/0087 ,  F02B3/06 ,  F02B77/11 ,  F05C2201/0448 ,  F05C2203/0869 ,  F05C2203/0895 ,  F05C2251/042

Abstract: This invention discloses a thermally insulated piston having a cap portion and a body portion. The cap can be made of metal or ceramic. The cap and body portion are joined together by a brazing alloy. The cap portion can have a groove for receiving the brazing alloy. The ceramic cap can have a retaining band portion in a retaining band groove the band being bonded to the body portion by a brazing alloy. The piston with the ceramic cap can have an interlayer between the cap and body portion, the interlayer being bonded to the cap portion and body portion by a brazing alloy. The interlayer can have an outer knife edge. The body portion has a machined groove adjacent to the cap portion comprised of cells filled with thermal insulating material.

Abstract translation: 本发明公开了一种具有盖部分和主体部分的绝热活塞。 盖子可以由金属或陶瓷制成。 盖和主体部分通过钎焊合金连接在一起。 盖部分可以具有用于接收钎焊合金的凹槽。 陶瓷盖可以在保持带槽中具有保持带部分，该带通过钎焊合金结合到主体部分。 具有陶瓷帽的活塞可以在盖和主体部分之间具有中间层，中间层通过钎焊合金结合到盖部分和主体部分。 中间层可以具有外刀边缘。 主体部分具有与由填充有绝热材料的单元组成的盖部分相邻的加工凹槽。

公开(公告)号：US4599772A

公开(公告)日：1986-07-15

申请号：US576556

申请日：1984-02-03

Applicant: Neil A. Graham

Inventor： Neil A. Graham

IPC: B22D15/02 ,  B22D19/00 ,  F02B3/06 ,  F02F3/12 ,  F02F7/00 ,  B23P15/10 ,  B22D27/09 ,  B22D27/11

CPC classification number: F02F3/12 ,  B22D15/02 ,  B22D19/0027 ,  F02F7/0087 ,  F02B3/06 ,  F05C2201/021 ,  F05C2201/0448 ,  Y10S29/044 ,  Y10T29/49252 ,  Y10T29/49261 ,  Y10T29/49988 ,  Y10T29/49993

Abstract: The reinforcement of the crown of a piston of aluminum or aluminum alloy for an internal combustion engine comprises the preparation of a reinforcement member (10, 13) which is provided with apertures (11, 14), or reentrants. The reinforcement member is placed in a crown-forming part (18) of a piston die in a squeeze casting apparatus and the piston is squeeze cast. The molten metal penetrates the apertures, or enters the reentrants, and these are so shaped that when the molten metal has solidified, keys are formed which connect securely the reinforcement member to the aluminum or aluminum alloy. Further reinforcement members can then be readily brazed or welded to the first reinforcement member.

Abstract translation: 用于内燃机的铝或铝合金活塞的冠部的加固包括制备设置有孔（11,14）或再入口的加强构件（10,13）。 加强构件被放置在挤压铸造装置中的活塞模具的冠形部分（18）中，并且活塞被挤压铸造。 熔融金属穿透孔或进入凹槽，并且它们的形状使得当熔融金属固化时，形成将加强构件牢固地连接到铝或铝合金的键。 然后可以容易地将另外的加强构件钎焊或焊接到第一加强构件。

公开(公告)号：US4592268A

公开(公告)日：1986-06-03

申请号：US617446

申请日：1983-12-27

Applicant: Dale L. Hartsock

Inventor： Dale L. Hartsock

IPC: B23P15/10 ,  F02F3/00 ,  F16J1/01 ,  F16J9/22 ,  F16J1/04

CPC classification number: F16J9/22 ,  B23P15/10 ,  F02F3/003 ,  F02F2003/0061 ,  F02F2200/04 ,  F05C2201/021 ,  F05C2201/0448 ,  F05C2251/042

Abstract: A composite piston structure and a method of making same is disclosed. A piston member, carrier member, and ceramic facing member are formed, the piston member being comprised of a material selected from plastic and metal having a density of less than 0.15 lb/in.sup.3, the ceramic facing member, preferably comprised of a material selected from zirconia and aluminia, and carrier member preferably comprised of a material selected from stainless steel and cast iron. The carrier member material has a coefficient of thermal expansion differing from the coefficient of thermal expansion of the ceramic by up to 2.0.times.10.sup.-6 in/in/.degree.F. An annular grooved wall is defined in the side surface of the piston member and disposed at a location radially opposite a portion of the carrier member when the latter is wrapped about the top of the piston member. A high energy beam is directed across a zone of the carrier member that is radially aligned with the grooved wall and deployed to melt a portion of the carrier member intersected by the beam, causing the melted material to flow into the grooved wall to fill same and lock the piston member to the carrier member, upon solidification, for conjoint movement.

Abstract translation: PCT No.PCT / US83 / 02035 Sec。 371日期：1983年12月27日 102（e）日期1983年12月27日PCT提交1983年12月27日PCT公布。 公开号WO85 / 02804 日期：1985年7月4日。公开了一种复合活塞结构及其制造方法。 形成活塞构件，承载构件和陶瓷面对构件，活塞构件由选自密度小于0.15lb / in3的塑料和金属的材料构成，陶瓷面对构件优选由选自以下的材料组成： 氧化锆和氧化铝，以及载体构件，优选由选自不锈钢和铸铁的材料组成。 承载构件材料的热膨胀系数与陶瓷的热膨胀系数不同，高达2.0×10 -6 in / in /°F。在活塞构件的侧表面中限定环形沟壁， 在承载构件的一部分径向相对的位置处，当所述承载构件围绕活塞构件的顶部缠绕时。 高能量光束被引导穿过载体部件的与凹槽壁径向对准的区域并且展开以熔化由梁相交的载体部件的一部分，使得熔化的材料流入有槽壁以填充相同的并且 在固化时将活塞构件锁定到载体构件上用于联合运动。

公开(公告)号：US4578849A

公开(公告)日：1986-04-01

申请号：US757533

申请日：1985-07-22

Applicant: Vernon R. Kaufman

Inventor： Vernon R. Kaufman

IPC: F16J1/16 ,  B23P15/10 ,  F16C11/12

CPC classification number: F16J1/16 ,  F05C2201/0448 ,  Y10T29/49256 ,  Y10T29/49266 ,  Y10T29/4984 ,  Y10T403/32901 ,  Y10T74/2142

Abstract: A method of assembling a piston, connecting rod, wrist pin, and yoke thrust bearing is disclosed wherein the method comprises the steps of disposing between the piston and connecting rod, a one-piece yoke thrust bearing thereby providing a bearing surface between a wrist pin boss and the connecting rod. The piston includes a pair of wrist pin bosses disposed therein and in spaced-apart facing relationship. The bosses have oppositely disposed faces with axially aligned bores therein, and the faces have disposed therein respective shoulder-like depressions. The yoke thrust bearing comprises a pair of washer portions in abutment against respective boss faces and interconnected by a yoke element, and the washer portions have respective projections conformably received in respective depressions, thereby aligning the holes in the washers with the bores and preventing rotation of the yoke thrust bearing in the piston. One end of the connecting rod is received between the washer portions, and a wrist pin is passed through the boss bores, washer portions, and the connecting rod opening to thereby pivotally connect the piston and connecting rod together.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种组装活塞，连杆，腕销和轭止推轴承的方法，其中所述方法包括以下步骤：在活塞和连杆之间设置单件轭止推轴承，从而在腕销之间提供支承表面 老板和连杆。 活塞包括设置在其中并以间隔开的面对关系的一对腕销凸台。 凸台在其中具有相对设置的面与轴向对准的孔，并且这些面在其中设置有相应的肩状凹陷。 轭止推轴承包括一对垫圈部分，其抵靠相应的凸台面并且由轭元件互连，并且垫圈部分具有相应的突起，其各自的凸起顺应地容纳在相应的凹部中，从而将垫圈中的孔与孔对准， 活塞中的轭止推轴承。 连杆的一端容纳在垫圈部之间，并且腕销穿过凸台孔，垫圈部分和连杆开口，从而将活塞和连接杆可枢转地连接在一起。

公开(公告)号：US4569630A

公开(公告)日：1986-02-11

申请号：US387567

申请日：1982-06-11

Applicant: Karl Eickmann

Inventor： Karl Eickmann

IPC: F04B1/20 ,  F04B43/00 ,  F04B43/02 ,  B64C11/38 ,  F01B13/04

CPC classification number: F04B1/20 ,  F04B43/0063 ,  F04B43/02 ,  B64C2700/6281 ,  F02F2200/04 ,  F05C2201/021 ,  F05C2201/0448 ,  F05C2201/046

Abstract: In hydrostatic pumps, motors and transmissions; faces, which slide and seal along adjacent faces, commonly have recesses for hydrostatic lubrication or for control of flow through ports.The invention provides additional arrangements on such faces for the provision of additional functions, for example, for the control of hydrodynamic flow into spaces between faces, the control of an additional control flow through the faces and the sealing therof or it provides recesses or seal inserts of specific locations or configurations for the improvement of the efficiency of the faces or for assurance of additional actions by the faces.

Abstract translation: 在静液压泵，电机和变速箱; 相邻表面滑动和密封的面通常具有用于静液压润滑的凹槽或用于控制通过端口的流动。 本发明在这些面上提供了额外的布置，用于提供额外的功能，例如用于控制流体流入面之间的空间，控制通过面的附加控制流和密封垫，或者提供凹部或密封插入 的具体位置或配置，以提高面部效率或确保面部附加动作。

公开(公告)号：US4553472A

公开(公告)日：1985-11-19

申请号：US525462

申请日：1983-08-22

Applicant: Robert Munro ,  David A. Parker ,  Neil A. Graham

Inventor： Robert Munro ,  David A. Parker ,  Neil A. Graham

IPC: F02F3/00 ,  F02B3/06 ,  F02B23/06 ,  F02F3/12 ,  F02F3/26

CPC classification number: F02B23/0603 ,  F02B23/0675 ,  F02F3/12 ,  F02B2023/0612 ,  F02B2275/14 ,  F02B3/06 ,  F05C2201/021 ,  F05C2201/0448 ,  F05C2201/046 ,  F05C2225/02 ,  F05C2251/042 ,  F05C2253/16 ,  Y02T10/125 ,  Y10T29/49258

Abstract: A piston for an internal combustion engine is provided with a crown portion heat insulated from the remainder of the piston over all or substantially all of the area of the crown, to reduce the transfer of heat from the crown to the remainder of the piston. The insulation may be by a chamber extending across the piston and the chamber may contain a vacuum. Such a piston can be manufactured by a process involving roll-bonding aluminum or an aluminum alloy to a ferrous material in order to secure a crown of ferrous material to the remainder of the piston made from aluminum or aluminum alloy.

Abstract translation: 用于内燃机的活塞在冠部的所有或基本上所有区域上设置有与活塞的其余部分绝热的冠部，以减少从冠部到活塞的其余部分的热传递。 绝缘可以通过延伸穿过活塞的室，并且室可以包含真空。 这样的活塞可以通过涉及将铝或铝合金轧制到铁质材料上的工艺来制造，以便将铁质材料的顶部固定到由铝或铝合金制成的活塞的其余部分。