公开(公告)号：US06423277B1

公开(公告)日：2002-07-23

申请号：US09488802

申请日：2000-01-21

申请人： Alan C. Gravitt ,  Thomas L. Isaac

发明人： Alan C. Gravitt ,  Thomas L. Isaac

IPC分类号： B01J1908

CPC分类号： B01J19/126 ,  B01D53/007 ,  B01D53/32 ,  B01D53/56 ,  B01D53/60 ,  B01D53/92 ,  B01D2257/302 ,  B01D2257/404 ,  B01D2257/708 ,  B01D2259/806

摘要： The present invention is a method and apparatus that uses microwave energy to produce highly active forms of oxidizing compounds that react with nitric oxide and other lower valence components in gaseous streams to form compounds that can be readily removed by conventional pollution abatement processes. An oxidation chamber is used to simultaneously expose the oxidizing compound to microwave energy and contact it with the gaseous stream. The present invention provides a reliable, cost effective means of oxidizing pollutants into forms that can be effectively removed using existing pollution abatement devices.

摘要翻译： 本发明是一种使用微波能量产生高活性形式的氧化化合物的方法和装置，其与气态物流中的一氧化氮和其它低价成分反应形成可以通过常规污染减排方法容易地除去的化合物。 氧化室用于将氧化性化合物同时暴露于微波能量并与气流接触。 本发明提供了将污染物氧化成可以使用现有污染减排装置有效去除的形式的可靠的，成本有效的方法。

公开(公告)号：US06416633B1

公开(公告)日：2002-07-09

申请号：US09564100

申请日：2000-05-03

申请人： Paul D. Spence

发明人： Paul D. Spence

IPC分类号： B01J1908

CPC分类号： H01J37/3244 ,  H01J37/32 ,  H01J37/32027 ,  H01J37/32082 ,  H01J37/3277 ,  H01J37/32825 ,  Y10S422/906

摘要： Two methods and corresponding electrode designs are provided for the generation of a plasma, for example, at or about one atmosphere. Using these methods, various webs, films and three-dimensional objects are beneficially treated in a reduced amount of time. A first method utilizes a repetitive, asymmetric voltage pulse to generate a plasma discharge between two electrodes. An asymmetric voltage pulse is used to generate a discharge in which a substrate can be exposed predominately to either positive or negative plasma species depending on the voltage polarity used. A second method uses the gap capacitance of an electrode pair and an external inductor in shunt to form a resonant LC circuit. The circuit is driven by a high power radio frequency source operating at 1 to 30 MHz to generate a uniform discharge between the electrode pair. Both methods have temperature controlled discharge surfaces with supply gas temperature, humidity and flow rate control. The gas flow is typically sufficient to cause a turbulent flow field in the discharge region where materials are treated. Electrode pairs implement these methods and include a metal faced electrode and a dielectric covered electrode, one or both of which have a series of holes extending through the electrode face for supply gas flow. The second of the above-described methods will also operate with paired, metal faced electrodes, but under more restricted operating conditions.

摘要翻译： 提供两种方法和相应的电极设计用于产生等离子体，例如在一个或大约一个大气压下。 使用这些方法，以减少的时间量有利地处理各种网，膜和三维物体。 第一种方法利用重复的非对称电压脉冲在两个电极之间产生等离子体放电。 使用非对称电压脉冲来产生放电，其中基于所使用的电压极性，衬底可以主要暴露于正或负等离子体物质。 第二种方法使用分流器中的电极对和外部电感器的间隙电容来形成谐振LC电路。 该电路由工作于1至30MHz的高功率射频源驱动，以在电极对之间产生均匀的放电。 两种方法都具有温度控制的排放表面，供应气体温度，湿度和流量控制。 气流通常足以在排出区域引起湍流流场，其中材料被处理。 电极对实现这些方法，并且包括金属面电极和电介质覆盖电极，其中一个或两个具有延伸穿过电极面的一系列孔，用于供应气体流动。 上述方法中的第二种也将使用成对的金属面对电极操作，但是在更受限制的操作条件下。

公开(公告)号：US06391268B1

公开(公告)日：2002-05-21

申请号：US09414930

申请日：1999-10-12

申请人： J. Patrick Berry ,  Mark N. Smithdorf ,  Stewart J. Mulvey

发明人： J. Patrick Berry ,  Mark N. Smithdorf ,  Stewart J. Mulvey

IPC分类号： B01J1908

CPC分类号： B03C11/00 ,  B03C5/022 ,  C10G33/02

摘要： A treater for electrostatically separating emulsified water from oil during longitudinal flow through a horizontally elongated coalescing section has a number of baffles with adjacent electrostatic wing grids therein. The electrostatic wing grids are externally connected to two or more transformers so that a higher voltage may be applied to subsequent grids along the coalescing section. Each of the electrostatic wing grids includes a front face and perpendicular side edges and a perpendicular bottom edge to extend the electrostatic field out beyond the front face, so as to enhance the electrostatic action and more efficiently remove water from the emulsion. The baffles preferably extend downwardly to a water/oil interface, so as to increase the efficiency of the emulsion flowing through the coalescing section and ensure that the electrostatic field is applied to the emulsion.

摘要翻译： 在纵向流动通过水平细长的聚结部分时，将乳化水与油静电分离的处理器具有多个与其中的相邻静电翼栅的挡板。 静电翼网格外部连接到两个或更多个变压器，使得可以将更高的电压施加到沿着聚结部分的后续栅极。 每个静电翼栅包括前表面和垂直的侧边缘以及垂直的底边缘，以将静电场延伸超出前表面，以便增强静电作用并更有效地从乳液中去除水分。 挡板优选向下延伸到水/油界面，以便提高流过聚结部分的乳液的效率，并确保将静电场施加到乳液。

公开(公告)号：US06379628B2

公开(公告)日：2002-04-30

申请号：US09729355

申请日：2000-12-05

申请人： Pieter de Jong ,  Egbertus Johannes Maria van Heesch

发明人： Pieter de Jong ,  Egbertus Johannes Maria van Heesch

IPC分类号： B01J1908

CPC分类号： C02F1/48 ,  A23L3/32 ,  C02F1/20 ,  C02F2303/04

摘要： The pulsating electric field (PEF) treatment system for preserving fluid products by means of a pulsating electric field comprises at least one electric supply source and at least one fluid flow path including at least one fluid treatment unit. The treatment unit comprises at least two electrodes which are each provided with a number of wires composed to form a net. Between the wires of the net fluid flow-through openings are formed. A surface stretched by the net is directed at least substantially perpendicularly to a fluid flow direction of the fluid flow path at the location of the net. The pulsating electric field is highly homogeneous.

摘要翻译： 用于通过脉动电场保存流体产品的脉动电场（PEF）处理系统包括至少一个供电源和至少一个包括至少一个流体处理单元的流体流路。 处理单元包括至少两个电极，每个电极设置有形成网的多根电线。 在净流体流通开口的电线之间形成。 由网状物拉伸的表面至少基本上垂直于网状物处的流体流路的流体流动方向。 脉动电场高度均匀。

公开(公告)号：US06358481B1

公开(公告)日：2002-03-19

申请号：US09712106

申请日：2000-11-14

申请人： John J. Flinn

发明人： John J. Flinn

IPC分类号： B01J1908

CPC分类号： B29C59/142 ,  B01J19/088 ,  B01J2219/0809 ,  B01J2219/083 ,  B01J2219/0879 ,  B01J2219/0894 ,  B29L2031/707 ,  H01J37/32009

摘要： A dual electrode plasma treatment chamber system comprises first and second plasma treatment chambers coaxially disposed with respect to each other within an insulated enclosure. A wire to be treated is adapted to be coaxially disposed through both of the plasma treatment chambers. A high voltage generator transformer has its primary winding stage electrically connected to ground, whereas opposite ends of its secondary winding stage are respectively electrically connected to first and second electrodes respectively mounted upon the first and second plasma treatment chambers. In this manner, equal and opposite voltage levels, which are equal in magnitude but 180° out-of-phase with respect to each other, are applied to each electrode. Accordingly, low-level voltage and current values are present upon a portion of the wire to be treated which is disposed externally of the insulated enclosure.

摘要翻译： 双电极等离子体处理室系统包括在绝缘外壳内相对彼此同轴设置的第一等离子体处理室和第二等离子体处理室。 待处理的导线适于通过两个等离子体处理室同轴布置。 高压发生器变压器的初级绕组级电连接到地，而其次级绕组级的相对端分别电连接到分别安装在第一和第二等离子体处理室上的第一和第二电极。 以这种方式，对于每个电极施加相等且相反的电压电平，它们在幅度上彼此相等且相位彼此相差180度。 因此，低电平电压和电流值存在于被布置在绝缘外壳外部的被处理线的一部分上。

公开(公告)号：US06322758B1

公开(公告)日：2001-11-27

申请号：US09485823

申请日：2000-02-16

申请人： Stephen Ivor Hall ,  James Timothy Shawcross ,  Michael Inman

发明人： Stephen Ivor Hall ,  James Timothy Shawcross ,  Michael Inman

IPC分类号： B01J1908

CPC分类号： B01D53/9454 ,  B01D53/323 ,  B01J12/002 ,  B01J19/088 ,  B01J19/248 ,  B01J2219/0809 ,  B01J2219/0828 ,  B01J2219/0845 ,  B01J2219/0875 ,  B01J2219/0883 ,  B01J2219/0894 ,  B01J2219/182 ,  F01N3/0892 ,  Y02T10/22

摘要： A reactor for the plasma processing of gaseous media, especially internal combustion engine exhaust, has a bed made of a body of ceramic material and electrodes. At least one electrode terminates within the bed at a distance from earthed supporting structure to avoid or reduce the risk of tracking or arcing between the electrode and the supporting structure.

摘要翻译： 用于等离子体处理气体介质，特别是内燃机排气的反应器具有由陶瓷材料和电极构成的床。 至少一个电极在床内终止于接地支撑结构的距离，以避免或减少电极和支撑结构之间的跟踪或电弧的风险。

公开(公告)号：US06322757B1

公开(公告)日：2001-11-27

申请号：US09433402

申请日：1999-11-03

申请人： Daniel R. Cohn ,  Leslie Bromberg ,  Alexander Rabinovich ,  Nikolai Alexeev

发明人： Daniel R. Cohn ,  Leslie Bromberg ,  Alexander Rabinovich ,  Nikolai Alexeev

IPC分类号： B01J1908

CPC分类号： H01M8/0612 ,  B01J19/088 ,  B01J2219/0809 ,  B01J2219/0826 ,  B01J2219/0828 ,  B01J2219/0847 ,  B01J2219/0875 ,  B01J2219/0883 ,  B01J2219/0892 ,  B01J2219/0894 ,  B01J2219/0898 ,  C01B3/342 ,  C01B3/48 ,  C01B2203/0233 ,  C01B2203/025 ,  C01B2203/0283 ,  C01B2203/066 ,  C01B2203/0816 ,  C01B2203/0844 ,  C01B2203/085 ,  C01B2203/0861 ,  C01B2203/0866 ,  C01B2203/0883 ,  C01B2203/1023 ,  C01B2203/1052 ,  C01B2203/1082 ,  C01B2203/1276 ,  C01B2203/1604 ,  C01B2203/1676 ,  C01B2203/1695 ,  C01B2203/82 ,  F02B43/10 ,  H05H1/52 ,  Y02T10/32

摘要： The plasma fuel converter includes an electrically conductive structure for forming a first electrode and a second electrode is disposed to create a gap with respect to the first electrode in a reaction chamber. A fuel-air mixture is introduced into the gap and the power supply is connected to the first and second electrodes to provide voltage in the range of approximately 100 volts to 40 kilovolts and current in the range of approximately 10 milliamperes to 1 ampere to generate a glow discharge to reform the fuel. The high voltage low current plasmatron of the invention is low cost, has long electrode life, utilizes a simple power supply and control and eliminates the need for an air compressor.

摘要翻译： 等离子体燃料转换器包括用于形成第一电极的导电结构，并且第二电极设置成在反应室中产生相对于第一电极的间隙。 将燃料 - 空气混合物引入到间隙中，并且电源连接到第一和第二电极，以提供在大约100伏特至40千伏范围内的电压和大约10毫安至1安培范围内的电流，以产生 辉光放电改造燃料。 本发明的高压低电流等离子体质量成本低，电极寿命长，利用简单的电源和控制，无需空气压缩机。

公开(公告)号：US06290919B1

公开(公告)日：2001-09-18

申请号：US09533775

申请日：2000-03-24

申请人： Sadahiko Yokoyama ,  Masao Shimoda ,  Masatoshi Iji ,  Tokukazu Kiji

发明人： Sadahiko Yokoyama ,  Masao Shimoda ,  Masatoshi Iji ,  Tokukazu Kiji

IPC分类号： B01J1908

CPC分类号： B03C7/08

摘要： In an electrostatic separating apparatus which separates supplied substances containing sheet-like substances into conductive substances and insulating substances by using electrostatic force and corona discharge together, a ground electrode unit has a carrier belt tensioned for a plurality of rotation rollers. An opposite electrode unit is provided with a first electrostatic electrode, a corona electrode, and a second electrostatic electrode in this order from a supply side of the supplied substances. A removing unit separates and removes the insulating substances attached to the ground electrode unit.

摘要翻译： 在通过一起使用静电力和电晕放电将包含片状物质的供给物质分解为导电物质和绝缘物质的静电分离装置中，接地电极单元具有张紧用于多个旋转辊的承载带。 相对电极单元从所供给的物质的供给侧起按顺序设置有第一静电电极，电晕电极和第二静电电极。 去除单元分离并除去附着在接地电极单元上的绝缘物质。

公开(公告)号：US06274100B1

公开(公告)日：2001-08-14

申请号：US09434215

申请日：1999-11-04

申请人： Joseph L. Shepherd ,  Thomas J. Shepherd

发明人： Joseph L. Shepherd ,  Thomas J. Shepherd

IPC分类号： B01J1908

CPC分类号： A61L2/08

摘要： A process irradiator includes a heavily shielded, generally cylindrical, housing with a heavily shielded top. A radiation source includes source elements in several tubes extending from the top into a shielded storage cask below the center of the housing floor. A circular track concentrically positioned relative to the track guides a motor-driven carousel carrying a number of turntables which carry material to be irradiated, the turntables being rotatable on their axes. A heavy shielded door provides access to the turntables which are successively rotated on the carousel to a position adjacent the door opening. A lifting structure on the top includes two or more lifting devices which permit selective lifting of the source elements from the storage cask into the housing. Interlock controls prevent the door from opening and the carousel from rotating unless all source elements are stored in the storage cask.

摘要翻译： 过程辐射器包括具有严重屏蔽的顶部的严重屏蔽的，大致圆柱形的壳体。 辐射源包括从顶部延伸到壳体底部中心下方的屏蔽存储桶中的多个管中的源元件。 相对于轨道同心定位的圆形轨道引导承载多个转盘的电机驱动转盘，该转盘携带要照射的材料，转盘可在其轴线上旋转。 一个重的屏蔽门提供进入旋转盘的转盘，这些转盘在轮盘上连续旋转到与门开口相邻的位置。 顶部上的提升结构包括两个或多个提升装置，其允许将源元件从存储桶选择性地提升到壳体中。 联锁控制防止门打开，旋转木马旋转，除非所有的源元素都存储在存储桶中。

公开(公告)号：US06264898B1

公开(公告)日：2001-07-24

申请号：US08974725

申请日：1997-11-19

申请人： Michael W. Ingram

发明人： Michael W. Ingram

IPC分类号： B01J1908

CPC分类号： B01J19/088 ,  B01D53/32 ,  B01J2219/0801 ,  B01J2219/0809 ,  B01J2219/0828 ,  B01J2219/0849 ,  B01J2219/0875 ,  B01J2219/0877 ,  C02F1/46 ,  C02F1/4608 ,  C02F2201/003

摘要： An apparatus for remediating a contaminated fluent material, such as a gas, utilizes a pulsed corona discharge. The apparatus includes a reactor section and a power supply section. The reactor section has a plurality of first electrodes electrically interconnected to a header plate and a plurality of second electrodes concentrically disposed about each first electrode and electrically interconnected to a reactor plate. The electrical contact between the header plate and the power supply is by a compression spring. When fluent material is flowing within channels defined by the second electrodes and a high voltage pulse is applied to the header plate, a stream of high energy electrons flows between the first electrodes and the second electrodes forming corona discharges effective to destroy polluting compounds contained in the contaminated fluent material.

摘要翻译： 用于补救污染的流体物质（例如气体）的装置利用脉冲电晕放电。 该装置包括反应器部分和电源部分。 反应器部分具有电连接到集管板的多个第一电极和围绕每个第一电极同心设置并与电抗器板电互连的多个第二电极。 集管板和电源之间的电接触是通过压缩弹簧。 当流动材料在由第二电极限定的通道内流动并且高压脉冲施加到集管板时，高能电子流在第一电极和第二电极之间流动，形成电晕放电，有效地破坏包含在第一电极中的污染化合物 污染流畅的材料。