Abstract:
An imaging camera includes a housing that defines a proximal end and a distal end. A Fresnel lens is installed in the proximal end of the housing. Moreover, a reflection mode photocathode is installed in the distal end of the housing opposite the Fresnel lens. An electron sensor is disposed in the center of the Fresnel lens. A conductive layer is disposed on the interior of the housing. Further, the Fresnel lens establishes plural concentric optically passive surfaces that are parallel to a central axis defined by the imaging camera. A conductive layer is disposed on each optically passive surface, and an electron lens is established by the conductive layer on the interior of the housing and the conductive layers on the Fresnel lens.
Abstract:
A mask having at least one pair of mutually parallel slit structures, separated from one another by a distance in an opaque layer, is introduced into a mask mount. The mask side having the layer is turned to the illumination source. During mask exposure, a far field interference pattern is produced on the opposite rear side of the mask through the slit structures and projected into the substrate plane through a lens system of the exposure apparatus. The interference pattern is recorded as an image signal through exposure of a photosensitive layer of a wafer or by sensors on a movable substrate holder. Through determination of the contrast and subsequent Fourier transformation thereof as a function of distance between slits, the light distribution of the illumination can be derived. An advantageous mask has a multiplicity of slit structure pairs disposed with different angles with respect to a preferred direction and different distances in matrix form thereon.
Abstract:
A laser power meter has a laser-radiation absorber body of metal formed with a rotationally symmetrical depression open at the radiation-receiving side of the body. At the bottom of the depression a copper reflector of a cone shape is received. The body can be connected to a lid housing the detection and display circuitry by a joint which can be locked and from which tubes can run to the body and lid to carry the electrical conductors.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for generating EUV radiation. Laser pulses are directed onto photoelectric transducer means (10), which generate pulses of electrically charged particles (6) as a result of the action of the laser pulses. The electrically charged particles are accelerated in an electric field and directed onto a target (4), in such a way that the target generates a plasma, which emits EUV radiation, as a result of the action of the electrically charged particles.
Abstract:
In one embodiment, the present invention includes a method. In the method, a fiducial transistor is provided in an integrated circuit. Also in the method, a power conductor is coupled to a first terminal of the transistor. Also in the method, a ground conductor is coupled to a second terminal of the transistor. Also in the method, a control conductor is coupled to a third terminal of the transistor. Also in the method, other circuitry is provided, the other circuitry is operatively decoupled from the fiducial transistor and the other circuitry is operable without the fiducial transistor.
Abstract:
A system is provided for boresighting a laser to a passive sensor using a fluorescent conversion material. A passive sensor, such as a FLIR, is aligned with a boresight module using a test pattern on a fluorescent conversion material. Laser energy is then emitted onto the fluorescent conversion material at a first wavelength which is beyond the passive sensor's operating waveband. The fluorescent conversion material then radiates the laser energy at a second wavelength which is within the passive sensor's operating waveband. The location where the laser energy is radiated on the fluorescent conversion material is used as a reference in boresighting the laser to the passive sensor.
Abstract:
An optical beam profiler using a spatial light modulator and photodetector. In an embodiment, the spatial light modulator is a two-dimensional (2-D) small tilt digital micromirror device. The profiler features fast speed, digital controls, low polarization sensitivity, and high measurement repeatability. The 2-D multi-pixel device-based profiler allows the use of several beam profile measurement concepts including moving knife edge, scanning slit, moving pinhole, variable aperture, and 2-D photodiode array. The proposed digital optical beam profiler can be implemented with any type of digitally operated 2-D spatial light modulator device such as using liquid crystals, magneto-optics, multiple quantum wells, electro-optic polymers, and photonic crystals.
Abstract:
A high energy electron accelerator (LINAC) can be employed for neutron-based therapy and imaging methods. Methods and systems are described for producing a thermal neutron image of a subject using a LINAC. Methods are also described for treating diseased tissues by neutron capture therapy or neutron capture enhanced photon therapy using a LINAC.
Abstract:
An optical axis adjusting system for a vehicle head lamp detects the inclination of the front part of a vehicle with respect to a road surface and controls an optical axis adjusting system by an ECU according to the detected inclination to adjust the optical axis of the head lamp. Therefore, the optical axis adjusting system is capable of finding the accurate inclination of the entire vehicle and properly adjusting the optical axis.
Abstract:
An optical sampling waveform measuring apparatus can measure waveform of a high-speed signal light P8 sensitively, accurately, and in high time resolution, Raman shift light which is generated from a light pulse having a narrower pulse width than the signal light to be measured is used as a sampling light pulse.