Abstract:
Exemplary embodiments relate to an optical gas analyzer device that includes at least one measuring chamber in the form of a tubular measuring cuvette through which measuring gas flows. The measuring chamber is illuminated longitudinally by a radiation source that is arranged at an input end thereof and the light beam of which weakened by absorption losses is detected for gas concentration analysis by at least one detector arranged at an output end. The measuring process is calibrated using a reference spectrum. A special optical filter can be inserted into the measuring process in place of the measuring cuvette. The filter material of the filter generates a plurality of strong absorptions across the entire wavelength range of the measuring spectrum in order to cause attenuations that in the particular spectral position correspond to those of the gaseous measuring medium in greater concentration.
Abstract:
A system and method for optimized operation of real-time control applications. The system and method being configured for identifying and processing recurring code sequences in control applications to quantify the execution time of control applications, wherein for each set up and/or control application a timing data structure is generated to determine the execution time of control applications in industrial automation, determining execution times of control applications based on recurring code sequences that are automatically extracted from a set of training applications and/or identified in the respective application, automatically generating test data to determine their on-target execution times for refinement of the timing data structure, decomposing the structure of the respective control application into code sequences for which the created data timing structure and timing model respectively provide execution time estimates, and determining at least an estimate for the best-case execution time and/or the worst-case execution time of the control application.
Abstract:
The present disclosure is related to an exemplary robot manipulator system having a robot manipulator with a kinematic chain of stiff robot manipulator segments, which are linked together by hinged joints. A robot controller controls execution of a robot program. At least one temperature sensor provides measured temperature values. At least one heatable cover is attached onto at least one manipulator segment for applying heat energy thereon, with an amount of heat energy being controlled dependent on measured temperature values of the at least one temperature sensor.
Abstract:
An arrangement is disclosed for a meter cabinet, distribution cabinet or empty housing, including a frame and a door, wherein the frame can carry a door and the door is attached pivotally to the frame on its hinge side. The door may be aligned in relation to its frame quickly and without problems, with an adjustment device for aligning the door in the closed condition, the adjustment device being associated with the frame.
Abstract:
Exemplary methods and systems are directed to transmitting a process map of a control or automation system via a gateway device. The gateway device includes at least one first functional unit connected to a higher-ranking control unit via a first communications link based on a primary field bus protocol, and at least one second functional unit connected to at least one field device via a second communications link based on a secondary field bus protocol. Binary signals are stored in corresponding registers and analog signals, which are in an integer format, are transmitted to the first functional unit such that the number of binary signals is reduced by packing the binary signals into data bytes. The data bytes are translated into corresponding telegrams that can be processed by the primary field bus protocol and with the analog signals are transmitted to the higher-ranking control unit.
Abstract:
An insulation laminate is disclosed having a base laminate layer, with at least one flat side coated with a layer of an insulating varnish, the insulating varnish including a basecoat; and an added lubricant.
Abstract:
A resistive voltage divider includes a first resistor and a second resistor electrically connected in series. Each of the resistors is made of an electrically resistive film material and applied in the form of a trace onto an insulating substrate. The divider's voltage ratio has a value between one hundred and one million, where two ends of the trace of the second resistor overlap at least in part with a first and a second) contacting terminal, respectively, and two ends of the trace of the first resistor overlap at least in part with the first and third contacting terminal, respectively. In order to decrease the parasitic capacitance between the first contacting terminal and the third contacting terminal, the second contacting terminal is placed with at least a screening part between the first and the third contacting terminals.
Abstract:
An arrangement for connecting a circuit breaker in a circuit, for example, in a switchgear, having conductors designed in the form of busbars and supported against each other for receiving forces resulting from normal operating behavior and from short circuit situations. The conductors are disposed in at least two-part claddings each completely peripherally enclosing the respective conductor and serving as electrical insulation.