Abstract:
Binary indications are converted to an analog representation with significant reduction in ringing at the transitions between successive binary indications and in the period during each binary indication. The binary indications are disposed in a row-and-column matrix to provide a thermometer code. Each stage of the converter includes a decoder and latch arranged so the decoder inputs settle before the latch is set by the clock pulses. The stages are implemented in complementary CMOS. Complementary transistors are biased so one transistor of the pair is driven to the rail while the other transistor of the pair floats. A dummy CMOS transistor is used to balance the number of transistors in the decoder paths.
Abstract:
Circuitry to remove switches from signal paths in integrated circuit programmable gain attenuators. Programmable gain attenuators and programmable gain amplifiers commonly switch between signal levels using semi-conductor switches. Such switches may introduce non-linearities in the signal. By isolating the switches from the signal path linearity of the PGA can be improved.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for intracellular delivery of substances, comprising the steps of suspending the substance in aqueous solution and providing sufficient speed to enable the suspended substance to penetrate the cell surface and become incorporated into the cell. This method does not require the accompaniment or aid of any particle, and both the substance and the cell retain their biological activity after the entry of substance into the cell.
Abstract:
Circuitry to remove switches from signal paths in integrated circuit programmable gain attenuators Programmable gain attenuators and programmable gain amplifiers commonly switch between signal levels using semi-conductor switches. Such switches may introduce non-linearities in the signal, By isolating the switches from the signal path linearity of the PGA can be improved.
Abstract:
An external aquarium filter comprises an intake chamber for receiving contaminated water from an aquarium tank, a filtering chamber in flow communication with the intake chamber for filtering the contaminated water to return clean water back to the aquarium tank, a partition wall between the intake and filtering chambers for overflowing water from the intake chamber into the filtering chamber, an intake tube for supplying water the intake chamber, the intake tube including a check valve therein, and a pump for drawing water from the aquarium filter into the intake chamber through the intake tube. Responsive to stopping the pump, unfiltered water in the intake chamber is prevented from flowing back into the aquarium tank through the check valve. Also, water in the intake chamber is stored as priming water for a future restarting of the aquarium filter.
Abstract:
A gas-phase olefin polymerization process in a plug flow reactor uses a catalyst system containing a magnesium halide supported titanium-containing component, an organoaluminum component, and at least one external electron donor component; in the process a first external donor component is added to the reactor at an injection point axially near an injection point for the supported transition metal containing component, and at least a second external donor component is added to the reactor axially downstream from the injection point for the first external donor component.
Abstract:
An optical assembly is provided that is capable of high speed operation using a vertical cavity laser such as a vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL). The optical assembly is configured to have a small form factor and uses an angled surface of an embedded fiber to internally reflect a beam from the VCSEL along the length of the fiber. The angled surface is coated to ensure that a small portion of the beam is transmitted through the fiber out of the angled surface into a monitoring diode. This geometry provides high coupling efficiency and facilitates direct active alignment between the fiber and the VCSEL.
Abstract:
Circuitry to remove switches from signal paths in integrated circuit programmable gain attenuators. Programmable gain attenuators and programmable gain amplifiers commonly switch between signal levels using semi-conductor switches. Such switches may introduce non-linearities in the signal. By isolating the switches from the signal path linearity of the PGA can be improved.
Abstract:
Circuitry to remove switches from signal paths in integrated circuit programmable gain attenuators. Programmable gain attenuators and programmable gain amplifiers commonly switch between signal levels using semi-conductors switches. Such switches may introduce non-linearities in the signal. By isolating the switches from the signal path linearity of the PGA can be improved.
Abstract:
Binary indications are converted to an analog representation with significant reduction in ringing at the transitions between successive binary indications and in the period during each binary indication. The binary indications are disposed in a row-and-column matrix to provide a thermometer code. Each stage of the converter includes a decoder and latch arranged so the decoder inputs settle before the latch is set by the clock pulses. The stages are implemented in complementary CMOS. Complementary transistors are biased so one transistor of the pair is driven to the rail while the other transistor of the pair floats. A dummy CMOS transistor is used to balance the number of transistors in the decoder paths.