摘要:
A phase calculation apparatus using a binary search is provided. The phase calculation apparatus includes a quarter surface preprocessor determining the bigger one between an absolute value of I component data and an absolute value of Q component data as horizontal component data and the smaller one as perpendicular component data, and detecting information on a phase region indicating an mth (m=1 to 8) phase region (the mth phase region is between (m−1) π/4 and m π/4 in which the I/Q component data are located; a phase representative value detector detecting phase representative values x corresponding to the horizontal component data and the perpendicular component data; and a quarter surface postprocessor calculating phase values of the I/Q component data based on the detected information about the phase region and the detected phase representative values x. The phase can be calculated using a limited memory, low complexity of calculation and regardless of the number of bits of I/Q component data.
摘要:
A heater and a vapor deposition source having the same capable of plating materials having a uniform thickness on a board by ensuring a temperature uniformity of a melting pot. The heater is provided on at least one of an upper side or a lower side of the melting pot to heat the melting pot. The heater includes a plurality of bents with non-uniform pitches. A central part of the heater has a pitch larger than pitches at both edge parts of the heater. As such, the plurality of bents with the non-uniform pitches reduce a temperature difference between the central part and the edge parts of the heater, and makes an evaporation of plating materials uniform, thereby making the thickness of plated materials uniform.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a light emitting device where difference of brightness of pixels can be reduced when the same data currents are applied to the pixels. The light emitting device includes anode electrode layers, cathode electrode layers, pixels and cathode lines. The anode electrode layers are disposed in a first direction. The cathode electrode layers are disposed in a second direction. The pixels are formed in cross areas of the anode electrode layers and the cathode electrode layers. The cathode lines are coupled to the cathode electrode layers. Here, in one cathode electrode layer, at least one of resistors between parts corresponding to pixels except a first pixel next to a cathode line corresponding to the cathode electrode layer has resistance smaller than resistor between a part corresponding to the first pixel and a part corresponding to a pixel next to the first pixel.
摘要:
A dispersant for a carbon nanotube and a composition comprising the same are provided, wherein the dispersant is comprised of a structure including a head part composed of an electron-rich atom and an aromatic ring having a high affinity for the carbon nanotube and a tail part having an affinity for a dispersion medium, and thus exhibits excellent stabilizing and dispersing effects of the carbon nanotube in a variety of dispersion media including organic solvents, water or mixtures thereof. Use of the dispersant in accordance with the present invention enables convenient preparation of carbon nanotube compositions necessary for a variety of industrial fields such as emitters of field emission displays (FEDs), carbon nanotube inks, printable carbon nanotubes and the like.
摘要:
Hardmask compositions having antireflective properties useful in lithographic processes, methods of using the same, and semiconductor devices fabricated by such methods, are provided. Antireflective hardmask compositions of the invention include: (a) a polymer mixture including a first polymer that includes one or more of the following monomeric units wherein A is a bivalent radical selected from the group consisting of carbonyl, oxy, alkylene, fluoroalkylene, phenyldioxy, and any combination thereof; R1 and R2 are each independently a bivalent radical selected from the group consisting of an alkylene, an arylene, and any combination thereof; and x, y, and z are 0 or integers; and a second polymer including an aryl group; (b) a crosslinking component; and (c) an acid catalyst.
摘要翻译:提供了具有抗平滑印刷工艺中有用的抗反射性能的硬掩模组合物,其使用方法以及通过这些方法制造的半导体器件。 本发明的抗反射硬掩模组合物包括:(a)包含第一聚合物的聚合物混合物,其包含一种或多种下列单体单元,其中A是选自羰基,氧基,亚烷基,氟代亚烷基,苯基二氧基, 及其任何组合; R 1和R 2各自独立地为选自亚烷基,亚芳基及其任何组合的二价基团; x,y和z为0或整数; 和包含芳基的第二聚合物; (b)交联组分; 和(c)酸催化剂。
摘要:
Disclosed is a method for setting an initial SOC value, which initializes the SOC in consideration of not only the temperature change of the external environment of the battery but also the internal temperature change of the battery before the battery reaches a stable unloaded state, thereby enhancing the accuracy in the setup of the initial SOC value. The method includes: measuring internal temperatures of the battery and SOCs corresponding to voltages of the battery, which change according to the time passage after a loaded state is converted into an unloaded state, and constructing an SOC estimation table by using measured values, and storing the SOC estimation table; measuring the internal temperature and the voltage of the battery when estimation of an initial SOC value of the battery is required; and reading an SOC corresponding to the measured internal temperature and the voltage of the battery from the SOC estimation table.
摘要:
An apparatus and method for driving a liquid crystal display device are disclosed. The apparatus includes a liquid crystal panel with pixels defined by data and gate lines. A gate driver provides different gate pulses to the odd-column pixels than to the even-column pixels. The gate pulses have different voltages and/or widths. Data drivers provide data voltages having a positive or negative polarity to the data lines. A timing controller controls the gate and data drivers and supplies gate clock pulses that have different voltages and/or widths to the gate driver.
摘要:
Hardmask compositions having antireflective properties useful in lithographic processes, methods of using the same, and semiconductor devices fabricated by such methods, are provided. Antireflective hardmask compositions of the invention include: a) a polymer component, including a first monomeric unit and a second monomeric unit, wherein both the first monomeric unit and the second monomeric unit include an aromatic group, and wherein at least one of the first monomeric unit and the second monomeric unit includes a phenol group; b) a crosslinking component; and c) an acid catalyst.
摘要:
Hardmask compositions having antireflective properties useful in lithographic processes, methods of using the same, and semiconductor devices fabricated by such methods, are provided. In some embodiments of the present invention, antireflective hardmask compositions include: a) a polymer component, which includes one or more of the monomeric units of Formulas I, II and III: b) a crosslinking component; and c) an acid catalyst.
摘要:
Disclosed is a method for structuring a comparative reference value used to estimate a residual charge (SOC; State of Charge) of a battery. The method comprises comprising steps of: measuring open circuit voltages (OCV) and residual capacities (SOC) of a battery at various temperatures and tabling them according to the temperatures; measuring an open circuit voltage (OCV1) at a temperature before a test; carrying out a discharge capacity counting (Ah-counting) for the battery using a measurement apparatus while carrying out a dynamic pattern test; providing a sufficient relaxation time period for the battery after ending the dynamic pattern test; measuring an open circuit voltage (OCV2) at a temperature after the sufficient relaxation time period; obtaining residual capacity values of the battery corresponding to the measured open circuit voltages (OCV1, OCV2) from the table; assuming a difference between the above-obtained two residual capacity values as a δSOC and calculating an 1C-rated capacity based on the δSOC; and applying the calculated rated capacity as a denominator of the discharge capacity counting to calculate an exact residual capacity of the battery.