摘要:
A dielectric ceramic composition contains components, with respective numbers of moles relative to 100 moles of barium titanate, including barium titanate, a first sub-component containing at least one oxide selected from a Mg oxide, a Ca oxide, a Ba oxide, and Sr oxide, a second sub-component containing an oxide containing 1 mol of Si atoms per mol, a third sub-component containing at least one oxide selected from a V oxide, a Mo oxide, and a W oxide, a fourth sub-component containing at least one R1 oxide (wherein R1 is at least one selected from Sc, Er, Tm, Yb, and Lu), a fifth sub-component containing at least one R2 oxide (wherein R2 is at least one selected from Y, Dy, Ho, Tb, Gd, and Eu), a sixth sub-component containing at least one selected from a Mn oxide and a Cr oxide, and a seventh sub-component containing at least one selected from calcium zirconate and a mixture of a Ca oxide and Zr oxide. The ratio (A/B) of the number of moles A of the second sub-component to the total number of moles B of the fourth and fifth sub-components is 0.7 or more. Alternatively, the ratio (C/D) of the number of moles C of Si atoms in the second sub-component to the total number of moles of the atoms in the first to seventh sub-components excluding the Si atoms and oxygen atoms being 0.2 or more, and the total number of moles of the fourth and fifth sub-components being 3 or more.
摘要:
Provided is a production process for a carbonized product characterized by comprising the following steps (a) to (b): (a) a step in which metal-made or ceramic-made plural granular matters are charged into a heat treating apparatus which is maintained at a temperature of 400° C. or higher and 700° C. or lower and allowed to move therein and in which a carbonized product precursor is fed into the above apparatus and subjected to heat treatment, whereby the carbonized product is adhered on the surface of the above granular matters and (b) a step in which the carbonized product adhered on the surface of the granular matters is heated at a higher temperature than the heat treating temperature in the step (a) and 900° C. or lower, whereby the carbonized product is separated from the granular matters. The present invention provides a production process for an inexpensive and useful carbonized product by simple apparatus and steps.
摘要:
An improved structure of a gas sensor made up of a sensor element and a first and a second hollow cylindrical porcelain insulators covering the sensor element. The first porcelain insulator is laid on the second porcelain insulator in alignment within a body of the gas sensor. A positioning mechanism is provided which works to establish and keep alignment of the first and second porcelain insulators, thereby avoiding undesirable inclination of the first and second porcelain insulators which may cause damage to the sensor element.
摘要:
A gas sensor is provided which includes a first cylindrical insulation porcelain having a gas sensor element installed therein and a second cylindrical insulation porcelain disposed in contact with the first insulation porcelain. The first insulation porcelain is disposed on a seat surface formed on an inner wall of a housing through a packing ring. A contact between the first and second insulation porcelains being located within a contact permissible range defined by projecting outer and inner edges of the packing ring onto an end surface of the first insulation porcelain, thereby minimizing a lateral shift between the contact and the packing ring to avoid the breakage of the first insulation porcelain during assembly or use of the gas sensor.
摘要:
A method for encoding video signals including a first step of generating the information on picture characteristics at least including the luminance information of the input video signals in terms of a pre-set time interval as a unit, a second step of calculating the mean bit rate of the input video signals, a third step of calculating the information on the amount of bits generated per pre-set time interval of the input video signals, a fourth step of calculating the encoding difficulty per pre-set time interval based upon the information on picture characteristics, information on the amount of generated bits and the information on the total amount of usable data, a fifth step of determining the encoding bit rate per pre-set time interval by applying the encoding difficulty to a function for finding the encoding bit rate pre-set by the mean bit rate and a sixth step of encoding the input video signals in accordance with the encoding bit rate obtained per said pre-set time interval.
摘要:
Mesophase pitch that has a softening point of no more than 250.degree. C., a pyridine-insolubles content of no more than 50% and a n-heptane solubles content of 3-10%, with the n-heptane solubles experiencing a weight loss of no more than 15% at 450.degree. C. as measured by thermogravimetry is produced by polymerizing a condensed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon or a substance containing it in the presence of HF and BF.sub.3. This mesophase pitch is suppressed satisfactorily in its tendency to smoke during spinning and, additionally, it has a low enough softening point to exhibit outstanding spinnability. Hence, the pitch allows for high-volume spinning to be performed continuously for a prolonged time without causing extensive fouling of the surface of spinning nozzles.
摘要:
Self-adhesive carbonaceous grains for use in the manufacture of high-density and high-strength carbon artifacts containing 0.5-1.5 wt % of a quinoline-soluble but pyridine-insoluble component and at least 97 wt % of a quinoline-insoluble component and which are prepared by heat-treating in a nonoxidizing atmosphere a mesophase pitch that is obtained by polymerizing condensed polycyclic hydrocarbons or substances containing them in the presence of a superacid consisting of hydrogen fluoride and boron trifluoride. The carbonaceous grains are molded and the mold is baked at a sufficient temperature to achieve its carbonization, with the heating rate being not more than 20.degree. C./h in the temperature range from 400 .degree. to 600.degree. C. In this way, high-density and high-strength carbon artifacts showing a homogeneous fine mosaic texture of optical anisotropy can be efficiently manufactured in high carbon yield.
摘要:
Self-adhesive carbonaceous grains for use in the manufacture of high-density and high-strength carbon artifacts containing 0.5-1.5 wt % of a quinoline-soluble but pyridine-insoluble component and at least 97 wt % of a quinoline-insoluble component and which are prepared by heat-treating in a nonoxidizing atmosphere a mesophase pitch that is obtained by polymerizing condensed polycyclic hydrocarbons or substances containing them in the presence of a superacid consisting of hydrogen fluoride and boron trifluoride. The carbonaceous grains are molded and the mold is baked at a sufficient temperature to achieve its carbonization, with the heating rate being not more than 20.degree. C./h in the temperature range from 400.degree. to 600.degree. C. In this way, high-density and high-strength carbon artifacts showing a homogeneous fine mosaic texture of optical anisotropy can be efficiently manufactured in high carbon yield.
摘要:
Disclosed is an electrophotographic receptor provided with an overcoat layer comprising a cured fluororesin and a nitrogen-containing compound selected from the group consisting of an aromatic amine antioxidant and a charge transport substance on the surface of a photosensitive layer containing a charge generating substance.
摘要:
A process for producing a polydiacetylene molecular orientated film is disclosed, which comprises a first step of forming a polydiacetylene film on a base using a diacetylene monomer or a polydiacetylene, a second step of unidirectionally rubbing the polydiacetylene film with a cloth at least once, a third step of building up a diacetylene monomer on the film, and a fourth step of polymerizing the diacetylene monomer film formed in the third step in a solid phase, said second to fourth steps being carried out once or more in this order. The resulting orientated film exhibits high orientation and crystallinity without limitations in film thickness, film area, and polymer materials.