摘要:
A hydraulic control unit of an automatic transmission calculates deceleration during a coasting downshift, and calculates a piston play offsetting time, that is, the lag time that elapses between a shift decision and the start of the shift, on the basis of a correction value determined in accordance with the lag time learned from the previous shift. Based on the rate of deceleration and the piston play offsetting time, the downshift line in the speed shift map is corrected, that is, advanced in timing. Using this timing-advanced shift line, the control unit makes an earlier shift decision such that the shift starts in a proper state of operation, thus reducing shift shock during a coasting downshift and preventing excessive engine speed during a high-speed upshift.
摘要:
A one dimensional X-ray image sensor consists of a plurality of unit detecting devices aligned in a row and a filter which covers a portion thereof and is made of a material having an X-ray absorption coefficient equal to or nearly equal to that of a target material to be inspected. An X-ray inspection apparatus includes the one dimensional X-ray image sensor and further includes a data processor for correcting measured values using data measured in regard to the filter.
摘要:
A radiation quantum-counting method and apparatus for producing high resolution radiographic images capable of discriminating soft tissue cancer having a lcm size. The high resolution image is generated by a plurality of radiation sensitive elements, each element including a semiconductor material having a pair of electrodes mounted on opposite faces thereof. Each element is highly sensitive and produces a rapid pulse count since the thickness of the semiconductor material is substantially 0.1-0.5 mm, and the semiconductor material has an effective atomic number greater than 30 and an energy band gap greater than 1.3 eV. As a plurality of radiation quanta emanate from the radiation source, they are received by the plurality of radiation sensitive elements which detect individual radiation quantum and produce a pulse signal for each detected quantum. Coupled to each radiation sensitive element is a pulse amplifier for amplifying the pulse signals. The amplified pulse signals are counted and used to produce radiographic image signals containing details of image gradation. The pulse count may also be stored in a memory and used to provide two-dimensional information when combined with other pulse count data derived when the spatial orientation between the objective body and the radiation source is changed.
摘要:
An optical fiber which is able to transmit high power infrared energy, and is flexible and long in life is described. The fiber consists essentially of a mixed crystal of 40 to 45 wt % of thallium bromide and the balance of thallium iodide, each having a purity not less than 99.9%. The fiber is free of any particles having a size not smaller than 1 .mu.m.
摘要:
In energy separated quantum-counting radiography according to the present invention, radiation penetrating the subject being examined is detected as pulses. The pulses are counted for each radiation energy group, each comprising a separate pulse height group, to thereby speedily obtain a high resolution radiation image of the various materials of the subject.
摘要:
An accelerator includes an inflector through which a beam entering from an ion source passes and which introduces the beam to an acceleration orbit. The inflector includes a beam convergence unit that converges the beam passing through the inflector. A cyclotron, which accelerates a beam in a convoluted acceleration orbit, includes magnetic poles, D-electrodes, and an inflector. The magnetic poles generate a magnetic field in a direction perpendicular to the acceleration orbit. The D-electrodes generate a potential difference, which accelerates the beam, in the acceleration orbit. A beam, which enters in an incident direction perpendicular to the acceleration orbit, passes through the inflector, and the inflector bends the beam so as to introduce the beam to the acceleration orbit. The inflector includes a beam convergence unit that converges the beam passing through the inflector.
摘要:
A control apparatus for controlling a transmission apparatus that includes: an input member that is drivably connected to a rotating electrical machine being capable of generating regenerative torque based on an engine and a deceleration request of a vehicle; an output member that is drivably connected to wheels; and a speed change mechanism that has a plurality of friction engagement elements that are controlled to be engaged and released so as to switch a plurality of shift speeds, and that shifts a rotation speed of the input member at one of gear ratios set for the shift speeds and outputs the shifted speed to the output member.
摘要:
A control device controlling a vehicle's automatic transmission. The automatic transmission engages first and second friction engagement elements by fluid pressure from a pump operating using motive power from the vehicle's motor when a shift position is at a reverse traveling position, places the first friction engagement element on standby at a predetermined pressure that is higher than a stroke starting pressure by which a piston stroke is started and lower than a complete engagement pressure or engages the first friction engagement at the complete engagement pressure when the shift position is at a non-traveling position, and engages a third friction engagement element as a starting shift speed when the shift position is at a forward traveling position. When the shift position is at the forward traveling position, the first friction engagement element is placed on standby at the predetermined pressure if a vehicle speed is lower than a predetermined vehicle speed, or releases the predetermined standby pressure if the vehicle speed is equal to or higher than the predetermined vehicle speed.
摘要:
A vehicle transmission device includes an input member coupled to a combustion engine and a rotary electric machine; an output member coupled to wheels; a speed change mechanism with a plurality of friction engagement elements and that provides a plurality of shift speeds; and a control device that controls the speed change mechanism. When a during-regeneration downshift is performed while the rotary electric machine is outputting regenerative torque, the control device sets a target increase capacity, which is a target value of a transfer torque capacity of an engagement-side element to be engaged after an increase, increases the transfer torque capacity of the engagement-side element to the target increase capacity over a predetermined torque capacity increase period, and decreases a transfer torque capacity of a disengagement-side element, which is to be disengaged, over a predetermined torque capacity decrease period that at least partially overlaps the torque capacity increase period.
摘要:
In a device having a solid-liquid separation function, a solid-liquid mixture is introduced through a lid inlet formed in a lid, a separation portion for solid-liquid separation is formed in a groove portion, and solid trapping portions are arranged in the separation portion. Each solid trapping portion is formed of a partition wall and includes an inlet portion, an accommodating portion which accommodates one or more solids that have entered through the inlet portion, and an opening portion which is formed on a downstream side of the accommodating portion and prevents the solid having a fixed size or larger from passing therethrough. A width of a region of the separation portion where the solid trapping portions are formed is narrow on a downstream side compared to on an upstream side.