摘要:
A user locating system, method and server in a Packet-based network. A plurality of management regions divided by terrains are included, and each of the management regions includes: an address management server adapted to collect and bind communication addresses and user identifiers of all network users in the management region, and to send information of the binding to a region locating server in the present management region; and a region locating server adapted to store and update the information of the binding of the user identifiers and the communication addresses of all the network users in the present management region, to send the information of the binding to a inquirer dependent upon a received inquiry request, and to send information of binding of a user identifier and a communication address found not belonging to the present management region to a home management region of the user.
摘要:
An oil separator for a compressor is shown, wherein an oil separating efficiency is maximized and a material cost, a weight, and an assembly time are minimized.
摘要:
Methods of performing cycloadditions are described that include (a) combining a first reactant and a second reactant in a hydrogen bonding solvent to form a reaction mixture; and (b) reacting the first reactant and the second reactant to form a cycloadduct. Methods of performing asymmetric catalytic reactions are also described that include (a) combining a first reactant, a second reactant, and a catalytic amount of a chiral hydrogen-bond donor in a solvent to form a reaction mixture; and (b) reacting the first reactant and the second reactant to form an enantiomeric excess of a reaction product. Reaction mixtures corresponding to these methods are also described.
摘要:
An array antenna comprises a first substrate comprising a first plurality of ceramic layers; a second substrate comprising a second plurality of ceramic layers; a bottom ground plane stacked on the bottom of the second ceramic substrate; a plurality of quasi-cavity-backed patch antennas mounted on a top surface the first substrate, each of the patch antennas including a radiating element and two grounded grid-like conductor walls; and a mixed feeding network coupled to each of the patch antennas. The array antenna working at mm-wave frequency band can provide high radiation efficiency and low loss from feeding network by using quasi-cavity-backed patch elements and a mixed feeding network configuration.
摘要:
Electroporation is performed in a controlled manner in either individual or multiple biological cells or biological tissue by monitoring the electrical impedance, defined herein as the ratio of current to voltage in the electroporation cell. The impedance detects the onset of electroporation in the biological cell(s), and this information is used to control the intensity and duration of the voltage to assure that electroporation has occurred without destroying the cell(s). This is applicable to electroporation in general. In addition, a particular method and apparatus are disclosed in which electroporation and/or mass transfer across a cell membrane are accomplished by securing a cell across an opening in a barrier between two chambers such that the cell closes the opening. The barrier is either electrically insulating, impermeable to the solute, or both, depending on whether pore formation, diffusive transport of the solute across the membrane, or both are sought. Electroporation is achieved by applying a voltage between the two chambers, and diffusive transport is achieved either by a difference in solute concentration between the liquids surrounding the cell and the cell interior or by a differential in concentration between the two chambers themselves. Electric current and diffusive transport are restricted to a flow path that passes through the opening.
摘要:
A compact inverted-F antenna having a radiator arm formed from portions disposed in two parallel spaced apart planes and connected together electrically to form a folded meander-line topology. The planes may be defined by the surfaces of a dielectric substrate and the radiator arm may be formed from upper and lower conductive traces printed on either side of the dielectric substrate and interconnected serially through filled via holes. The antenna includes a ground plane parallel to and spaced apart from the radiator arm. The ground plane may be a grid conductive wall formed from filled via holes through the dielectric substrate.
摘要:
Electroporation is performed in a controlled manner in individual and multiple biological cells present in biological tissue by monitoring the electrical impedance, defined herein as the ratio of current to voltage in the electroporation cell. The impedance detects the onset of electroporation in the biological cell(s), and this information is used to control the intensity and duration of the voltage to assure that electroporation has occurred without destroying the cell(s). This is applicable to electroporation in general.
摘要:
In biology and biotechnology, electroporation is an important technique for introducing entities (DNA, RNAi, peptides, proteins, antibodies, genes, small molecules, nanoparticles, etc.) into cells. Applications range widely from genetic engineering to regenerative medicine to drug delivery. It has been demonstrated that the electrical currents flowing through cells can be used to monitor and control the process of electroporation for biological and artificial cells. In this application, a device and system are disclosed which allow precise monitoring and controlling electroporation of cells and cell layers, with examples shown using adherent cells grown on porous membranes.
摘要:
A method for controlling a vehicle air-conditioning system for cooling an interior of a vehicle is disclosed. The vehicle air conditioning system has a compressor coupled to an electronic control valve. The method includes reading a user manipulatable switch, determining a desired vehicle interior temperature based on the read user manipulatable switch, reading a plurality of sensors indicative of an interior and an exterior climate of the vehicle, determining a heat load on the vehicle air conditioning system, determining a desired evaporator discharge temperature, evaluating a humidity level inside the vehicle by determining a humidity ratio, filtering the updated electronic control valve duty cycle to obtain a new electronic control valve duty cycle based on the desired evaporator discharge temperature, and sending the new electronic control valve duty cycle to a compressor controller, wherein the controller is in communication with the electronic control valve and commands the valve to operate at the new duty cycle.