公开(公告)号：US4335869A

公开(公告)日：1982-06-22

申请号：US155426

申请日：1980-06-02

申请人： A. Leslie Miller

发明人： A. Leslie Miller

IPC分类号： C21B7/14 ,  C21B7/22 ,  C21C5/38

CPC分类号： C21B7/14

摘要： An iron blast furnace casting cage is provided comprising an enclosure for substantially surrounding a blast furnace tap hole and auxiliary equipment and having means defining an upper wall portion disposed above said tap hole and auxiliary equipment and a side wall portion extending generally downwardly from said upper wall portion, an access means in said side wall, an exhaust opening formed in one of said wall portions, said upper and side wall portions adapted to be disposed in a closely surrounding relation to said tap hole, auxiliary equipment and the floor of the cast house, and exhaust means extending from said exhaust opening for withdrawing pollutants generated in said cage.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种铁高炉铸造保持架，其包括用于基本上围绕鼓风炉排水孔的外壳和辅助设备，并且具有限定设置在所述抽头孔上方的上壁部分和辅助设备的装置以及从所述上壁大致向下延伸的侧壁部分 所述侧壁中的入口装置，形成在所述壁部中的一个中的排气口，所述上壁部分和侧壁部分适于以与所述出水孔，辅助设​​备和所述铸件的地板紧密相邻的方式设置 以及从所述排气口延伸以排出所述笼中产生的污染物的排气装置。

公开(公告)号：US4331448A

公开(公告)日：1982-05-25

申请号：US237101

申请日：1981-02-23

申请人： George M. Bretz

发明人： George M. Bretz

IPC分类号： C10J3/20 ,  C10J3/30

CPC分类号： C10J3/30 ,  C10J3/20 ,  C10J3/74 ,  C10J3/76 ,  C10J3/84 ,  C10J2200/154 ,  C10J2200/158 ,  C10J2300/093

摘要： The novel gasification reactor comprises a vertically oriented chamber with an upper pyrolysis section, a lower feed opening, and a primary combustion section. A lateral passage on each side and near the top of said primary combustion section each communicates with a separate secondary reaction chamber where a partially reacted feed is further reacted to form the product gas. In each passageway is a venturi nozzle or preferably a plurality of nozzles which accelerates the gas carrying entrained carbonaceous materials to produce a swirling curvilinear motion in the secondary reaction chambers.The reactor is fed by means of a plurality of hoppers and screw conveyors whereby the flow is regulated and positively fed both by gravity and the screw conveyors into rotary valve cavities in which counter rotating valves travel. The valves feed a piston which charges the reactor.

摘要翻译： 新型气化反应器包括具有上部热解段，下部进料口和初级燃烧段的垂直取向的室。 在所述主燃烧部分的每一侧和顶部附近的侧向通道各自与单独的次级反应室相连通，其中部分反应的进料进一步反应以形成产物气体。 在每个通道中是文氏管喷嘴或优选地多个喷嘴，其加速携带夹带的碳质材料的气体，以在次级反应室中产生旋转的曲线运动。 反应器通过多个料斗和螺旋输送机进料，由此通过重力和螺旋输送机将流量调节和积极地输送到反向旋转阀行进的旋转阀腔中。 阀门为活塞提供充电反应器。

公开(公告)号：US4326421A

公开(公告)日：1982-04-27

申请号：US115094

申请日：1980-01-24

申请人： William D. Pilesi ,  Harry J. Trautmann

发明人： William D. Pilesi ,  Harry J. Trautmann

IPC分类号： G01N3/00 ,  G01N3/20 ,  G01N33/00 ,  G01N33/46

CPC分类号： G01N3/20 ,  G01N2033/0078 ,  G01N2203/0023 ,  G01N33/46

摘要： An apparatus for determining the presence or absence of a predetermined minimum flexural strength and stiffness of a relatively rigid material, said apparatus comprising:a frame, a pair of flexure means, each flexure means affixed on opposite sides and ends of a support means affixed to said frame, and equidistant from a fulcrum means for said support, said fulcrum means affixed to said frame with a pivot point at the midpoint thickness of the material to be tested, a pair of guide means, each guide means affixed to said frame equidistant from said fulcrum means and positioned on opposite sides of and apart from said flexure means whereby the material to be tested is guided between the flexure means and guide means in a substantially horizontal path, a load means affixed to said frame for applying a predetermined force to said support means whereby the flexure means deflects the relatively rigid material, and sensor means affixed to said frame for detecting the amount of deflection of said material.

摘要翻译： 一种用于确定相对刚性材料的预定最小弯曲强度和刚度的存在或不存在的装置，所述装置包括：框架，一对弯曲装置，每个弯曲装置固定在支撑装置的相对侧和端部， 所述框架并且与用于所述支撑件的支点装置等距，所述支点装置固定到所述框架上，枢轴点处于待测试材料的中点厚度，一对引导装置，每个引导装置固定到所述框架等距离 所述支点装置并定位在所述弯曲装置的相对侧面上，并且被定位在所述弯曲装置的相对侧面上，由此待测试材料在基本上水平的路径中在挠曲装置和引导装置之间被引导，固定到所述框架上的负载装置用于对所述弯曲装置和引导装置施加预定的力 支撑装置，由此挠曲装置使相对刚性的材料偏转，并且固定到所述框架上的传感器装置用于检测偏转量 说的材料。

公开(公告)号：US4322221A

公开(公告)日：1982-03-30

申请号：US180124

申请日：1980-08-21

申请人： John F. Kamody

发明人： John F. Kamody

IPC分类号： C10J3/46 ,  C10J3/00

CPC分类号： C10J3/466 ,  C10J3/506 ,  C10J3/78 ,  C10J3/84 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0953 ,  C10J2300/0956 ,  C10J2300/0959 ,  C10J2300/0969 ,  C10J2300/0976 ,  C10J2300/1807 ,  Y10S48/02 ,  Y10S48/07

摘要： A process is disclosed for gasifying solid carbonaceous material at elevated temperature and pressure to produce a gas consisting of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, which comprises forming a slurry at atmospheric pressure of the carbonaceous material with a liquid having a specific gravity of from 1.1 to 1.9, a boiling temperature of at least 70.degree. F., a latent heat of vaporization less than about 200 BTU per pound, a critical temperature which is less than the incipient coking temperature of the carbonaceous material, a stability at temperatures up to 600.degree. F., an essentially inert chemical reaction with the carbonaceous material at temperatures less than about 600.degree. F., an immiscibility with water or solubility in water at no more than 5%, and a dissolving ability for hydrogen sulfide at temperatures of from -40 to 250.degree. F., and raising the formed slurry to a pressure of at least the gasification pressure and vaporizing said liquid and gasifying said carbonaceous material, either in the same or in separate steps. Examples of suitable slurrying liquids are: carbon tetrachloride, carbon disulfide, trichloroethylene, bromoethane, chlorobenzene, methane dichloride, chloroform, or mixtures thereof.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于在升高的温度和压力下气化固体碳质材料以产生由一氧化碳和氢气组成的气体的方法，其包括在碳质材料的大气压下用比重为1.1至1.9的液体形成浆料， 沸腾温度至少为70°F，蒸发潜热低于约200 BTU /磅，临界温度小于碳质材料的初始焦化温度，在高达600°F的温度下的稳定性。 在低于约600°F的温度下与碳质材料发生基本上惰性的化学反应，与水的不混溶性或在水中的溶解度不超过5％，以及在-40至250℃的温度下硫化氢的溶解能力 将所形成的浆料升至至少气化压力的压力并使所述液体蒸发并气化所述含碳材料，eithe r在相同或单独的步骤。 合适的制浆液体的实例是：四氯化碳，二硫化碳，三氯乙烯，溴乙烷，氯苯，甲烷二氯化物，氯仿或其混合物。

公开(公告)号：US4312265A

公开(公告)日：1982-01-26

申请号：US154368

申请日：1980-05-29

申请人： William R. Enterline ,  Dennis G. De Wald ,  James R. Boose

发明人： William R. Enterline ,  Dennis G. De Wald ,  James R. Boose

IPC分类号： A23G3/02 ,  A21C11/20 ,  A23L1/00 ,  A23L1/10 ,  A23P1/12 ,  B01F7/00 ,  B01F7/08 ,  B01F15/00 ,  B01F15/02 ,  B30B11/24 ,  A47J27/14

CPC分类号： B01F7/00416 ,  A23P30/20 ,  B01F7/08 ,  B30B11/246 ,  B01F15/0201

摘要： An extruder screw for use in the processing of a food mash is disclosed, in which, the mash is introduced into an inlet opening in an extruder barrel and conveyed by a substantially coextensive screw to an outlet or discharge opening and then through an extrusion die. The extruder screw comprises a single flight helical screw section initiating at the inlet opening and terminating within the extruder barrel, with a flightless section immediately following thereafter, and, a further helical screw section immediately following the flightless section and extending to the proximity of the outlet opening of the extruder barrel.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于食品醪液加工的挤出机螺杆，其中将糊状物引入挤出机机筒中的入口，并通过基本上共同延伸的螺杆输送到出口或排出口，然后通过挤出模头。 挤出机螺杆包括在入口处开始并终止于挤出机机筒内的单螺旋螺旋螺杆部分，随后紧随其后的无飞行部分，以及紧跟无飞行部分并延伸到出口附近的另一个螺旋螺旋部分 打开挤出机机筒。

公开(公告)号：US4304878A

公开(公告)日：1981-12-08

申请号：US61413

申请日：1979-07-27

申请人： Hilda Howell

发明人： Hilda Howell

IPC分类号： C08L67/00 ,  C08F283/01 ,  C08F299/00 ,  C08G63/91 ,  C08L67/06 ,  C08G63/76

CPC分类号： C08G63/918 ,  C08L67/06

摘要： A method is disclosed for treating polyester resin systems to suppress gel-time drift for the useable storage life of the resin system. The method comprises contacting a solution containing a polyester binder with an organic acid either between formulation stages or after formulation of the resin system. Typically useful organic acids include aromatic dicarboxylic acids such as phthalic acid and unsaturated aliphatic dicarboxylic acids such as fumaric acid. Comparative data for gel times of polyester resin system samples treated according to the disclosed method show suppression of gel-time drift to as low as 6 percent of the gel-time drift of counterpart untreated resin system samples.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于处理聚酯树脂体系以抑制树脂体系可用储存寿命的凝胶时间漂移的方法。 该方法包括在制剂阶段之间或在配制树脂体系之后使含有聚酯粘合剂的溶液与有机酸接触。 通常有用的有机酸包括芳族二羧酸如邻苯二甲酸和不饱和脂族二羧酸如富马酸。 根据公开方法处理的聚酯树脂体系样品的凝胶时间的比较数据显示凝胶时间漂移的抑制低至对应未处理的树脂体系样品的凝胶时间漂移的低至6％。

公开(公告)号：US4302403A

公开(公告)日：1981-11-24

申请号：US171450

申请日：1980-07-23

申请人： Kenneth G. Reabe ,  Hans Dressler ,  Frederick M. Covelli

发明人： Kenneth G. Reabe ,  Hans Dressler ,  Frederick M. Covelli

IPC分类号： C07C309/29 ,  C07C143/24

CPC分类号： C07C303/42

摘要： Unreacted sulfuric acid contained in a disulfonic acid product of an aromatic hydrocarbon that is produced from the reaction of the aromatic hydrocarbon or the mono-sulfonic acid of the aromatic hydrocarbon with a strong sulfonating agent is removed from the disulfonic acid product by reacting the sulfuric acid with additional aromatic hydrocarbon to produce the mono-sulfonic acid of the aromatic compound. The disulfonic acid product of the aromatic hydrocarbon containing sulfuric acid is reacted with the aromatic hydrocarbon at a molar ratio of aromatic hydrocarbon to sulfuric acid in the range of about 0.25 to around 2 and at a temperature in the range of 130.degree. to 200.degree. C. to obviate the need to remove any water formed during the course of the reaction.

摘要翻译： 通过芳族烃或芳烃的单磺酸与强磺化剂的反应产生的芳族烃的二磺酸产物中所含的未反应的硫酸通过硫酸反应从二磺酸产物中除去 与另外的芳烃混合以产生芳族化合物的单磺酸。 含有芳香烃的硫酸的二磺酸产物与芳族烃以芳族烃与硫酸的摩尔比在约0.25至约2的范围内和在130至200℃的温度下反应 以避免需要去除在反应过程中形成的任何水。

公开(公告)号：US4280681A

公开(公告)日：1981-07-28

申请号：US110782

申请日：1980-01-09

申请人： Edward Harris

发明人： Edward Harris

IPC分类号： F16K1/24 ,  F16K31/524 ,  F16K31/44 ,  F16K31/12

CPC分类号： F16K1/24 ,  F16K31/52441

摘要： A disc-type valve is disclosed which provides a design by which the valve disc can be positively and uniformly lifted laterally off the valve seat so as to prevent abrasion of the sealing surface and/or the valve seat which might otherwise be caused by transverse movement of the valve disc in relation to the valve seat. The opening and closing movement of the valve seat is controlled by and operable in direct relation to a pivotable operating member extending through the valve body.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种盘式阀，其提供了一种设计，通过该设计，阀盘可以被正确地均匀地从阀座上提升，以防止密封表面和/或阀座的磨损，否则可能由横向移动引起 的阀盘相对于阀座。 阀座的打开和关闭运动由与阀体延伸的可枢转操作构件直接相关地控制并且可操作。

公开(公告)号：US4275044A

公开(公告)日：1981-06-23

申请号：US973395

申请日：1978-12-26

申请人： John F. Kamody

发明人： John F. Kamody

IPC分类号： B01D53/50 ,  C01B17/04 ,  C01B17/00 ,  C01B1/13 ,  C01B17/02 ,  C01B31/00

CPC分类号： B01D53/508 ,  C01B17/0491

摘要： There is disclosed a multi-stage process for reducing sulfur dioxide to sulfur or to hydrogen sulfide whereby a hydrogen-containing gas from a high temperature gasifier is used. In the first stage of the process, the gasifier exit gas is contacted at a minimum temperature of about 1800.degree. F. with recycle gas containing SO.sub.2, H.sub.2 S, COS, mercaptans, and CS.sub.2 in order primarily to reduce the organic sulfur compounds, i.e., COS, mercaptans, and CS.sub.2, which heretofore would tend to accumulate in prior known methods employing a carbonaceous fuel for the reduction of SO.sub.2. Gas leaving the first stage is then sent to a second stage wherein SO.sub.2 from an external source is added. Reduction of sulfur dioxide occurs in the second stage at a temperature of about 2000.degree. F. minimum, with the surplus heat of reaction removed by the generation of steam. Gas leaves the second stage and is thereafter cooled with simultaneous generation of steam and selective condensation of sulfur vapor. After cleaning and compression, the residual sulfur compounds contained in the gas may be removed and may then be returned to the first stage of the process or else introduced to a known sulfur recovery process. The disclosed process can permit the production of a useful gas without the need for preheating reactants or supplemental steam generation. In addition, the release of sulfur compounds to the atmosphere is eliminated or reduced in an economical manner. A minimal amount of process steam is used on an overall basis, thereby minimizing the problems associated in prior methods with condensation of sulfur vapor or treatment of aqueous effluents.

摘要翻译： 公开了将二氧化硫还原为硫或硫化氢的多阶段方法，由此使用来自高温气化器的含氢气体。 在该方法的第一阶段，气化器出口气体在约1800°F的最低温度下与含有SO 2，H 2 S，COS，硫醇和CS 2的循环气体接触，主要是为了减少有机硫化合物， COS，硫醇和CS2，其迄今将倾向于以先前已知的使用碳质燃料来还原SO 2的方法积累。 然后将离开第一阶段的气体送至第二阶段，其中加入来自外部来源的SO2。 二氧化硫的还原在最低约2000°F的温度的第二阶段发生，反应的余热通过产生蒸汽而消除。 气体离开第二阶段，然后冷却同时产生蒸汽和硫蒸汽的选择性冷凝。 在清洁和压缩之后，可以除去气体中所含的残余硫化合物，然后可以将其返回到该方法的第一阶段，或者引入已知的硫回收方法。 所公开的方法可以允许生产有用的气体，而不需要预热反应物或补充蒸汽产生。 此外，以经济的方式消除或减少了硫化合物向大气中的释放。 在总体上使用最少量的工艺蒸汽，从而最小化与先前的硫蒸汽冷凝或处理含水废水的方法相关的问题。

公开(公告)号：US4265868A

公开(公告)日：1981-05-05

申请号：US876009

申请日：1978-02-08

申请人： John F. Kamody

发明人： John F. Kamody

IPC分类号： C01B3/34 ,  C10J3/46 ,  C21B13/00 ,  C01B31/00

CPC分类号： C21B13/0073 ,  C01B3/34 ,  C10J3/06 ,  C10J3/463 ,  C10J3/466 ,  C10J3/485 ,  C10J3/78 ,  C10K1/004 ,  C10K1/005 ,  C10K3/026 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0946 ,  C10J2300/0956 ,  C10J2300/0959 ,  C10J2300/0969 ,  C10J2300/0973 ,  C10J2300/0976 ,  C10J2300/1846 ,  Y02P10/122 ,  Y02P10/128 ,  Y02P10/136 ,  Y02P10/143 ,  Y02P10/265 ,  Y02P10/283 ,  Y02P20/146

摘要： An increased amount of carbon monoxide is produced in a process for the gasification of carbonaceous materials by employing a reverse water gas shift reaction in the process. Raw gas produced by the gasification of carbonaceous materials contains predominantly carbon monoxide and hydrogen along with hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide, water and methane. Carbon dioxide is separated from the raw gas as is the hydrogen sulfide. Thereafter, the carbon monoxide is separated from the raw gas to yield one portion of the carbon monoxide product gas. After the removal of carbon monoxide the raw gas consists of a hydrogen-rich gas. The hydrogen-rich gas which may be purified is mixed with the previously separated carbon dioxide along with any imported carbon dioxide and along with a recycle gas from a catalytic reaction loop. This mixed gas is conveyed to a heat exchanger in the catalytic reaction loop and passed through a heat exchanger located immediately after the gasifier through which the raw product gas passes. In the heat exchanger the hot raw product gas indirectly contacts the mixed gas and transfers some of its sensible heat to the mixed gas to effect the catalytically promoted, endothermic reaction of carbon dioxide and hydrogen to produce a carbon monoxide-containing gas. The indirect contacting for heat exchange is conducted in a manner that limits the accumulation of elemental carbon from any of the carbon-containing components of the mixed gas. The carbon monoxide is separated from the other components of the carbon monoxide-containing gas to yield a second portion of carbon monoxide gas which is then combined with the first portion of carbon monoxide product gas to give the increased amount of carbon monoxide product gas.

摘要翻译： 通过在该方法中采用反向水煤气变换反应，在碳质材料的气化过程中产生一氧化碳的量增加。 由碳质材料气化产生的原料气主要包含一氧化碳和氢气以及硫化氢，二氧化碳，水和甲烷。 二氧化碳与原始气体分离，如硫化氢。 此后，将一氧化碳与原料气体分离，得到一部分一氧化碳产物气体。 除去一氧化碳后，原料气体由富氢气组成。 可以将纯化的富氢气体与先前分离的二氧化碳以及任何进口的二氧化碳以及来自催化反应回路的再循环气体混合。 将该混合气体输送到催化反应回路中的热交换器，并通过位于原料气体通过的气化器之后的热交换器。 在热交换器中，热原料气体间接地接触混合气体并将一些显热转移到混合气体中，以进行二氧化碳和氢气的催化促进的吸热反应，产生含一氧化碳的气体。 热交换的间接接触以限制来自混合气体的任何含碳成分的元素碳积累的方式进行。 一氧化碳与含一氧化碳的气体的其它组分分离，得到第二部分一氧化碳气体，然后与第一部分一氧化碳产物气体混合，以产生增加量的一氧化碳产物气体。