公开(公告)号：US08615068B2

公开(公告)日：2013-12-24

申请号：US13242855

申请日：2011-09-23

Applicant: Athula De Alwis Gunawardena ,  Michael Charles Ferris ,  Robert Ricardo Meyer

Inventor： Athula De Alwis Gunawardena ,  Michael Charles Ferris ,  Robert Ricardo Meyer

IPC: A61N5/10

CPC classification number: A61N5/1036 ,  A61N5/1047

Abstract: A system and method for producing an intensity modulated arc therapy (“IMAT”) treatment plan are provided. A plurality of segmentations are generated, from which the IMAT treatment plan is determined. Apertures within each segmentation are ordered by minimizing the total leaf movement between pairs of segmentations in adjacent angles, during which corresponding minimum total leaf movement values between such pairs are calculated. From these segmentations, a network model is used to select those segmentations to be used in the IMAT treatment plan. The apertures in the selected segmentations are then modified by minimizing total leaf movement relative to the selected segmentations, and subject to physical constraints such as a maximum leaf movement constraint or interdigitation constraint. Segmentation errors in the modified segmentations are then locally minimized using a network model and a row-non-convexity measure to determine the order in which apertures are to be optimized.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种用于产生强度调制电弧治疗（“IMAT”）治疗计划的系统和方法。 生成多个分段，确定IMAT处理计划。 通过最小化相邻角度的分割对之间的总叶移动来计算每个分割内的孔径，在此期间计算这些对之间相应的最小总叶移动值。 从这些分段中，使用网络模型来选择要在IMAT处理计划中使用的分段。 然后通过使相对于所选分割的总叶移动最小化并受到物理约束，例如最大叶移动约束或交叉约束来修改所选分割中的孔。 然后使用网络模型和行非凸度测量将修改的分段中的分段错误局部最小化，以确定孔被优化的顺序。

公开(公告)号：US20130077751A1

公开(公告)日：2013-03-28

申请号：US13242855

申请日：2011-09-23

Applicant: Athula De Alwis Gunawardena ,  Michael Charles Ferris ,  Robert Ricardo Meyer

Inventor： Athula De Alwis Gunawardena ,  Michael Charles Ferris ,  Robert Ricardo Meyer

IPC: A61N5/10

CPC classification number: A61N5/1036 ,  A61N5/1047

Abstract: A system and method for producing an intensity modulated arc therapy (“IMAT”) treatment plan are provided. A plurality of segmentations are generated, from which the IMAT treatment plan is determined. Apertures within each segmentation are ordered by minimizing the total leaf movement between pairs of segmentations in adjacent angles, during which corresponding minimum total leaf movement values between such pairs are calculated. From these segmentations, a network model is used to select those segmentations to be used in the IMAT treatment plan. The apertures in the selected segmentations are then modified by minimizing total leaf movement relative to the selected segmentations, and subject to physical constraints such as a maximum leaf movement constraint or interdigitation constraint. Segmentation errors in the modified segmentations are then locally minimized using a network model and a row-non-convexity measure to determine the order in which apertures are to be optimized.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种用于生产强度调制电弧治疗（IMAT）治疗计划的系统和方法。 生成多个分段，确定IMAT处理计划。 通过最小化相邻角度的分割对之间的总叶移动来计算每个分割内的孔径，在此期间计算这些对之间相应的最小总叶移动值。 从这些分段中，使用网络模型来选择要在IMAT处理计划中使用的分段。 然后通过使相对于所选分割的总叶移动最小化并受到物理约束，例如最大叶移动约束或交叉约束来修改所选分割中的孔。 然后使用网络模型和行非凸度测量将修改的分段中的分段错误局部最小化，以确定孔被优化的顺序。

公开(公告)号：US20120099704A1

公开(公告)日：2012-04-26

申请号：US13261121

申请日：2010-07-09

Applicant: Dan Ruan ,  Paul J. Keall ,  Amit Sawant

Inventor： Dan Ruan ,  Paul J. Keall ,  Amit Sawant

IPC: A61N5/10

CPC classification number: G21K1/025 ,  A61N5/1031 ,  A61N5/1036 ,  A61N5/1037 ,  A61N5/1038 ,  A61N5/1045 ,  A61N5/1067 ,  G21K1/04

Abstract: A method of multileaf collimator (MLC) leaf positioning in tracking-based adaptive radiotherapy is provided. The method includes determining a radiotherapy beam pattern by transforming a treatment beam plan into radiotherapy beam coordinates, determining a dose discrepancy between the radiotherapy beam pattern and a deliverable MLC aperture, where the dose discrepancy includes a sum of an overdose cost and an underdose cost to a treatment volume, and minimizing the dose discrepancy, where the dose discrepancy minimization provides a determined deliverable MLC aperture for the radiotherapy beam.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种基于跟踪的自适应放疗的多叶准直器（MLC）叶定位方法。 该方法包括通过将治疗束计划转换为放射治疗束坐标来确定放射治疗束图案，确定放射治疗束图案与可递送MLC孔径之间的剂量差异，其中剂量差异包括过量成本和剂量过低的总和 治疗体积和最小化剂量差异，其中剂量差异最小化为放射治疗束提供确定的可递送MLC孔。

公开(公告)号：US07880154B2

公开(公告)日：2011-02-01

申请号：US12132597

申请日：2008-06-03

Applicant: Karl Otto

Inventor： Karl Otto

IPC: A61N5/10 ,  A61N5/00 ,  G21K1/02

CPC classification number: A61B5/4836 ,  A61B5/08 ,  A61B5/113 ,  A61B34/10 ,  A61B2034/101 ,  A61N5/103 ,  A61N5/1031 ,  A61N5/1036 ,  A61N5/1037 ,  A61N5/1039 ,  A61N5/1042 ,  A61N5/1045 ,  A61N5/1047 ,  A61N5/1049 ,  A61N5/107 ,  A61N5/1077 ,  A61N5/1082 ,  A61N2005/1032 ,  A61N2005/1034 ,  A61N2005/1035

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are provided for planning and delivering radiation treatments by modalities which involve moving a radiation source along a trajectory relative to a subject while delivering radiation to the subject. In some embodiments the radiation source is moved continuously along the trajectory while in some embodiments the radiation source is moved intermittently. Some embodiments involve the optimization of the radiation delivery plan to meet various optimization goals while meeting a number of constraints. For each of a number of control points along a trajectory, a radiation delivery plan may comprise: a set of motion axes parameters, a set of beam shape parameters and a beam intensity.

公开(公告)号：US20100329422A1

公开(公告)日：2010-12-30

申请号：US12739206

申请日：2007-10-24

Applicant: Kevin Brown ,  Ralph Streamer ,  Paul Boxall ,  Duncan Bourne ,  Christopher James Gibson

Inventor： Kevin Brown ,  Ralph Streamer ,  Paul Boxall ,  Duncan Bourne ,  Christopher James Gibson

IPC: A61N5/10

CPC classification number: A61N5/103 ,  A61N5/1036 ,  A61N5/1042

Abstract: A radiotherapeutic apparatus comprises a source able to emit a beam of therapeutic radiation along a beam axis, a multi-leaf collimator arranged to collimate the beam to a desired shape, wherein the source is rotateable about a rotation axis that is substantially orthogonal and intersects with the beam axis thereby to describe an arc around that axis, and further comprises a control means able to control the dose/time rate of the source, the rotation speed of the source, and the multi-leaf collimator position. The control means is arranged to receive a treatment plan in which the arc is divided into a plurality of notional arc-segments, and specifying the total dose for the arc-segment and a Start and end MLC position. It then controls the source in accordance with that plan over an first arc-segment such that at least one of the rotation speed and dose rate are constant and the multi-leaf collimator changes shape, and a second arc segment such that at least one of the rotation speed and dose rate are constant at a level different to the constant level adopted during the first arc-segment. It achieves this by calculating the total time required for the arc segment for a plurality of factors including an MLC leaf movement from a prescribed position at the start of the arc-segment to a prescribed position at the end of the arc-segment, at a maximum leaf speed, rotation of the source from the start to the end of the arc-segment at a maximum source rotation speed, delivery of the dose at a maximum dose rate per time, selecting the factor dictating the longest time, and Controlling the apparatus so that the selected factor operates at its respective maximum and the remaining factors are operated at a reduced rate selected to match that longest time, wherein the total time required for the arc segment for at least one factor relating to a moving geometry item is the greater of (a); a time required to complete the segment at a continuous defined upper speed for the geometry item and (b) a time required to accelerate the geometry item until it is travelling at the defined upper speed. Generally, the time required to accelerate the geometry item to the defined upper speed will include a time to accelerate the geometry item to that speed, and a further time to accelerate the geometry item beyond that speed and subsequently decelerate it until travelling at that speed.

公开(公告)号：US07839974B2

公开(公告)日：2010-11-23

申请号：US12412867

申请日：2009-03-27

Applicant: David M. Shepard ,  Matthew A. Earl ,  Daliang Cao

Inventor： David M. Shepard ,  Matthew A. Earl ,  Daliang Cao

IPC: A61N5/10

CPC classification number: A61N5/1042 ,  A61N5/1036 ,  A61N5/1047

Abstract: The invention is directed to a radiation therapy method, and in particular, to a method of conducting an intensity modulated arc therapy (IMAT). The invention provides a planning technique that translates traditional static fixed-field IMRT plans into deliverable IMAT plans and allows IMAT to be realized as a routine clinical delivery technique.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种放射治疗方法，特别涉及一种进行强度调制电弧治疗（IMAT）的方法。 本发明提供了一种将传统静态固定场IMRT计划转化为可交付的IMAT计划的计划技术，并允许将IMAT作为常规临床递送技术实现。

公开(公告)号：US20100270480A1

公开(公告)日：2010-10-28

申请号：US12662814

申请日：2010-05-05

Applicant: Gernot Echner

Inventor： Gernot Echner

IPC: A61N5/00

CPC classification number: A61N5/1042 ,  A61N5/1036

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and device for operating collimator (1) for limiting a beam of high-energy radiation (2) which, starting from an essentially point-shaped radiation source (3), is directed onto an object (4) to be treated and which is used especially for stereotactic, conformal radiation therapy of tumors, wherein the collimator (1) has an iris diaphragm (5) as a beam-limiting means. For such a collimator (1), a high degree of shielding for minimal overall height and with a variable opening size of the diaphragm opening (12) is achieved, in that the iris diaphragm (5) has at least three diaphragm leaves (6, 6′, 6″, or 7, 7′, 7″, 7′″, or 8, 8′, 8″, 8′″, 8″″, or 9, 9′, 9″, 9′″, 9″″, 9′″″) which have touching side surfaces (10) enclosing the same angle (α), wherein the diaphragm leaves (6, 6′, 6″, or 7, 7′, 7″, 7′″, or 8, 8′, 8″, 8′″, 8″″, or 9, 9′, 9″, 9′″, 9″″, 9′″″) open up a beam-limiting opening (12) such that a sliding movement (13) along the side surfaces (10) takes place by a number of diaphragm leaves (6, 6′, 6″, or 7, 7′, 7″, 7′″, or 8, 8′, 8″, 8′″, 8″″, or 9, 9′, 9″, 9′″, 9″″, 9′″″) which is reduced by at most one.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种用于操作准直仪（1）的方法和装置，用于限制从基本上点状的辐射源（3）开始被引导到物体（4）上的高能辐射束（2） 被治疗并且特别用于肿瘤的立体定向适形辐射治疗，其中准直器（1）具有作为光束限制装置的虹膜光阑（5）。 对于这种准直器（1），实现了对隔膜开口（12）的最小总高度和可变开口尺寸的高度屏蔽，其中虹膜隔膜（5）具有至少三个隔膜叶片（6， 6'，6“或7,7'，7”，7“”或8,8“，8”，8“”8“”或9,9'，9“，9”“，9 具有包围相同角度（α）的接触侧面（10）的“”，9“”“），其中隔膜离开（6,6'，6”或7,7'，7“，7” 或8,8'，8“，8”“，8”“或9,9'，9”，9“”，9“”，9“”“）上打开一个光束限制开口（12） 沿着侧表面（10）的滑动运动（13）通过多个隔膜叶（6,6'，6“或7,7'，7”，7“或8,8'发生， 8“，8”“，8”“或9,9'，9”，9“”，9“”，9“”“）。

公开(公告)号：US07668291B2

公开(公告)日：2010-02-23

申请号：US11804693

申请日：2007-05-18

Applicant: Janne Ilmari Nord ,  Sami Pekka Siljamäki ,  Katja Marika Pesola

Inventor： Janne Ilmari Nord ,  Sami Pekka Siljamäki ,  Katja Marika Pesola

IPC: A61N5/10

CPC classification number: G21K1/04 ,  A61N5/103 ,  A61N5/1036 ,  A61N5/1042 ,  G21K1/046

Abstract: Systems and methods of controlling the leaves of an aperture in radiation treatment are disclosed. In some embodiments, these systems and methods allow the delivery of different radiation fluences to different parts of a treatment volume in a single rotation of the aperture around the treatment volume. In some embodiments, different radiation fluences are achieved by radiating different parts of the treatment volume from opposing positions of the aperture around the treatment volume. In some embodiments, different radiation fluences are achieved by assigning different leaf pairs to radiate different parts of the treatment volume.

Abstract translation: 公开了控制辐射处理中孔径叶片的系统和方法。 在一些实施例中，这些系统和方法允许在围绕治疗体积的孔的单次旋转中将不同的辐射通量递送到治疗体积的不同部分。 在一些实施例中，通过将治疗体积的不同部分从围绕治疗体积的孔的相对位置辐射来实现不同的辐射能量密度。 在一些实施例中，通过分配不同的叶对以辐射处理体积的不同部分来实现不同的辐射通量。

公开(公告)号：US07609811B1

公开(公告)日：2009-10-27

申请号：US12267044

申请日：2008-11-07

Applicant: Sami Pekka Siljamaki ,  Katja Marika Pesola

Inventor： Sami Pekka Siljamaki ,  Katja Marika Pesola

IPC: A61N5/10 ,  G21K1/02

CPC classification number: G21K1/046 ,  A61N5/1036 ,  A61N5/1045

Abstract: The present invention provides an intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) method for treating a target region that minimizes the tongue and groove effect. By minimizing that effect, striping in the final delivered fluence is reduced, which improves the overall quality of the radiation delivery. In the method, compensating functions Ci(x) are added to leaf coordinates ai(x) and bi(x) for all of the leaf pairs i in a leaf sequence algorithm, where Ci(x) is chosen to match the mechanical limitations of the MLC and to minimize non-weighted or weighted sums of the tongue and groove effects, where the weighting is time-dependent, position-dependent, or time- and position-dependent, or to minimize the total treatment time, changes to the original MLC sequence, or the tongue and groove effect distribution variance in spatial or temporal coordinates.

Abstract translation: 本发明提供一种强度调制放射治疗（IMRT）方法，用于治疗使舌头和凹槽效应最小化的目标区域。 通过最小化这种效应，降低了最终交付能量密度，从而提高了辐射传递的整体质量。 在该方法中，补偿函数Ci（x）被添加到叶序列算法中所有叶对i的叶坐标ai（x）和bi（x），其中Ci（x）被选择为匹配 并且最小化舌头和凹槽效应的非加权或加权和，其中加权是时间依赖的，位置相关的，或时间和位置相关的，或者最小化总处理时间，原始的改变 MLC序列，或空间或时间坐标中的舌和凹槽效应分布方差。

公开(公告)号：US20090041188A1

公开(公告)日：2009-02-12

申请号：US12187222

申请日：2008-08-06

Applicant: Paul J. Keall ,  Yelin Suh ,  Elisabeth Weiss

Inventor： Paul J. Keall ,  Yelin Suh ,  Elisabeth Weiss

IPC: G21K1/04 ,  A61N5/10 ,  G06K9/00

CPC classification number: A61N5/1042 ,  A61N5/1036 ,  A61N5/1037

Abstract: A deliverable four dimensional (4D) intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) planning method is disclosed, for delivery using a linear accelerator with a dynamic multi-leaf collimator (DMLC). A 4D computed tomography (CT) scan is used for segmenting tumor anatomy on a reference phase of periodic motion of the tumor. Deformable registration of the 4D CT data is used to generate corresponding anatomical structures on other phases. Preferably, the collimator for each beam position is aligned using the gross tumor volume (GTV) centroid motion corresponding to the periodic motion of the tumor, as determined from the two dimensional (2D) projection of a given beam position. A deliverable IMRT plan is created on the 4D CT image set in which the MLC leaf positions and beam on/off status can vary as a function of respiratory phase by solving a four dimensional optimization problem. The mechanical constraints of the MLC leaves are included in the optimization.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种可交付的四维（4D）强度调制放射治疗（IMRT）规划方法，用于使用具有动态多叶准直器（DMLC）的线性加速器的传送。 4D计算机断层扫描（CT）扫描用于在肿瘤周期性运动的参考期分割肿瘤解剖。 4D CT数据的变形注册用于在其他阶段产生相应的解剖结构。 优选地，根据给定束位置的二维（2D）投影确定，使用与肿瘤的周期性运动相对应的总肿瘤体积（GTV）质心运动来对准每个束位置的准直器。 在4D CT图像集上创建可交付的IMRT计划，其中MLC叶位置和束开/关状态可以通过解决四维优化问题作为呼吸相位的函数而变化。 MLC叶片的机械约束包括在优化中。