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公开(公告)号：US4512387A
公开(公告)日：1985-04-23
申请号：US383181
申请日：1982-05-28
CPC分类号： F01K27/02 , F28D15/00 , F28D21/0001 , F28F3/083 , H01F27/08
摘要： Large power transformers such as used at electrical generating plants utilize oil for cooling with the heat removed by air cooled radiators. Several air cooled radiators are removed from the transformers and the oil circulated through plate heat exchangers which provide a heat transfer path to a fluid cooling medium such as water. Flow transducers and electrical temperature sensors may be used to monitor the flow rates of the oil and water, and the temperature of the oil and water in various parts of the system. These parameters are controlled to maximize the transfer of waste heat from the transformer to the water. The heated water is then utilized to perform useful work. For example, in a power plant having package boilers, the boiler makeup water is preheated with the transformer waste heat thereby reducing the energy requirements of the system.
摘要翻译： 用于发电厂的大型电力变压器利用空气冷却散热器去除的热量进行冷却。 几个空气冷却散热器从变压器中取出，并且油通过板式热交换器循环，其提供流体冷却介质如水的传热路径。 流量传感器和电气温度传感器可用于监测油和水的流量，以及系统各个部分的油和水的温度。 控制这些参数以最大限度地将废热从变压器转移到水中。 然后将加热的水用于执行有用的工作。 例如，在具有包装锅炉的电厂中，锅炉补给水用变压器余热预热，从而减少系统的能量需求。
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公开(公告)号：US4395975A
公开(公告)日：1983-08-02
申请号：US341768
申请日：1982-01-22
CPC分类号： C10L9/02 , C10J3/57 , C10J3/74 , C10G2400/26 , C10J2300/0906 , C10J2300/093 , C10J2300/0943 , C10J2300/0946 , C10J2300/0956 , C10J2300/0959 , C10J2300/0996 , C10J2300/1606 , C10J2300/1846
摘要： A method for desulfurization and oxidation of carbonaceous fuels including a two stage oxidation technique. The carbonaceous fuel, along with an oxygen-containing gas is introduced into a first stage partial oxidation unit containing molten slag maintained at a temperature of about 2200.degree.-2600.degree. F. A flux may also be introduced into the first stage partial oxidation unit for the purpose of maintaining the viscosity of the molten slag at a value no greater than about 10 poise. The carbonaceous fuel is gasified, and sulfur is chemically bound and captured in the molten slag. The combustible gas derived from partial oxidation and gasification is directed along a substantially horizontal path to a second stage oxidation unit for final combustion. The sulfur-containing slag is removed to a water-sealed quench system for disposal.
摘要翻译： 含碳燃料的脱硫和氧化的方法，包括两阶段氧化技术。 将含碳燃料与含氧气体一起引入含有保持在约2200-2600°F温度的熔融炉渣的第一级部分氧化装置中。还可以将通量引入第一级部分氧化装置 将熔渣的粘度保持在不大于约10泊的值的目的。 碳质燃料气化，硫化学结合并捕获在熔渣中。 源自部分氧化和气化的可燃气体沿着基本上水平的路径被引导到用于最终燃烧的第二级氧化单元。 将含硫渣除去到水密封的骤冷系统中进行处置。
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公开(公告)号：US5159972A
公开(公告)日：1992-11-03
申请号：US672926
申请日：1991-03-21
CPC分类号： F24F12/002 , F28D15/0266 , F28D15/06 , Y02B30/563
摘要： A system of sealed heat pipes enclosing a working fluid. In the heating mode, the working fluid is evaporated and the latent heat of vaporization is transported through the heat pipes to the condenser region. The condensate returns to the evaporator region through a liquid bypass line containing a liquid storage reservoir and a heating control valve. In the cooling mode, a cooling control valve is opened to increase the specific volume of the heat pipe system. During operation, heat is absorbed from the evaporator region and transferred by the working fluid vapor through the heat pipe system to the cold media. Condensate returns to the external evaporator by a liquid return line containing a liquid storage reservoir and a cooling control valve. Electric resistance heating can be incorporated to heat the reservoir. Vapor from the reservoir passes into the heat pipe system through a check valve vapor line. Shutdown and system control are regulated by the reservoir cutoff valve and electric heating.
摘要翻译： 封闭工作流体的密封热管系统。 在加热模式下，工作流体蒸发，蒸发潜热通过热管输送到冷凝器区域。 冷凝液通过包含液体储存容器和加热控制阀的液体旁通管线返回到蒸发器区域。 在冷却模式中，打开冷却控制阀以增加热管系统的比容。 在运行期间，热量从蒸发器区域被吸收并被工作流体蒸气通过热管系统传送到冷介质。 冷凝液通过包含液体储存容器和冷却控制阀的液体返回管线返回到外部蒸发器。 可以加入电阻加热来加热储存器。 来自储存器的蒸汽通过止回阀蒸汽管线进入热管系统。 关闭和系统控制由储油器切断阀和电加热来调节。
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4.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4652433A
公开(公告)日：1987-03-24
申请号：US823538
申请日：1986-01-29
申请人： Robert A. Ashworth , Larry A. Rodriguez , Antonio A. Padilla , Ned B. Spake , W. Wes Berry , Rae A. Schmeda
发明人： Robert A. Ashworth , Larry A. Rodriguez , Antonio A. Padilla , Ned B. Spake , W. Wes Berry , Rae A. Schmeda
IPC分类号： B03B9/04 , C01F7/22 , C01G49/10 , C04B18/08 , C09C1/40 , C09C1/48 , C22B7/02 , C01F7/00 , C01G49/00
CPC分类号： C04B20/02 , B03B9/04 , C01F7/22 , C01G49/10 , C04B18/08 , C09C1/405 , C09C1/48 , C22B7/02 , C01P2004/32 , C01P2004/61 , C01P2006/42 , C01P2006/80 , Y02P10/212 , Y02W30/92
摘要： The method of the present invention is a novel comprehensive process for maximizing the recovery of valuable mineral values from coal ash. Options may also be included for the production of saleable inorganic chemical by-products. The process employs both physical and chemical extraction techniques that maximize the yield of products while reducing the quantity of waste produced. Valuable minerals and chemicals such as cenospheres (hollow microspheres), carbon, magnetite (Fe.sub.3 O.sub.4), alumina (Al.sub.2 O.sub.3), iron oxide (Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3) and iron chloride (FeCl.sub.3) may be produced. Due to removal of carbon, magnetite, and iron oxide from the coal ash, the processed ash comprises a quality pozzolan.
摘要翻译： 本发明的方法是一种新的综合方法，用于最大化煤灰中有价值的矿物质的回收。 还可以包括用于生产可销售的无机化学副产品的选项。 该方法采用物理和化学提取技术，使产品的产量最大化，同时减少产生的废物数量。 可以生产贵重的矿物质和化学物质，如空心微球体，碳，磁铁矿（Fe3O4），氧化铝（Al2O3），氧化铁（Fe2O3）和氯化铁（FeCl3）。 由于从煤灰中除去碳，磁铁矿和氧化铁，处理后的灰分包括质量好的火山灰。
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5.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4423702A
公开(公告)日：1984-01-03
申请号：US473597
申请日：1983-03-09
IPC分类号： C10J3/46 , C10B49/14 , C10G9/38 , C10J3/00 , C10J3/08 , C10J3/57 , C10L9/02 , C10L10/00 , C10J1/00
CPC分类号： F23B90/06 , C10B49/14 , C10G9/38 , C10J3/526 , C10J3/57 , C10J3/74 , C10J3/78 , C10J3/845 , C10L10/02 , C10L10/06 , C10L9/02 , C10G2400/26 , C10J2300/0906 , C10J2300/093 , C10J2300/0943 , C10J2300/0946 , C10J2300/0956 , C10J2300/0959 , C10J2300/0973 , C10J2300/0996 , C10J2300/1253 , C10J2300/1606 , C10J2300/1846
摘要： A method for desulfurization, denitrification, and oxidation, of carbonaceous fuels including a two stage oxidation technique. The carbonaceous fuel, containing ash, along with an oxygen-containing gas is introduced into a first stage partial oxidation unit containing a molten ash slag maintained at a temperature of about 2200.degree.-2600.degree. F. A flux may also be introduced into the first stage partial oxidation unit for the purpose of increasing the basicity and maintaining the viscosity of the molten ash slag at a value no greater than about 10 poise. The carbonaceous fuel is gasified, and sulfur is chemically bound and captured in the molten ash slag. Since the first stage is operated in a gasification mode (reducing atmosphere), essentially all of the nitrogen in the fuel is converted to diatomic nitrogen, which results in low nitrogen oxide emissions upon final combustion. The first stage is also designed to physically remove a major portion of the fuel ash, the ash leaving the system as a molten slag. The combustible gas derived from partial oxidation (gasification) is directed along a substantially horizontal path to a second stage oxidation unit for final combustion. The sulfur-containing molten slag is removed to a water-sealed quench system or indirect water cooled system for disposal.
摘要翻译： 含碳燃料的脱硫，脱氮和氧化的方法，包括二阶段氧化技术。 将含有灰分的含碳燃料与含氧气体一起引入含有保持在约2200-2600°F温度的熔融灰渣的第一级部分氧化装置中。还可以将通量引入第一级 目的是提高碱性并保持熔融灰渣的粘度不大于约10泊。 碳质燃料气化，硫化学结合并捕获在熔融灰渣中。 由于第一阶段在气化模式（还原气氛）中运行，所以燃料中基本上所有的氮都转化为双原子氮，这导致最终燃烧时的低氮氧化物排放。 第一阶段还设计用于物理去除燃料灰的主要部分，灰分作为熔渣离开系统。 源自部分氧化（气化）的可燃气体沿着基本上水平的路径被引导到第二级氧化单元以用于最终燃烧。 将含硫熔渣移至水密封的骤冷系统或间接的水冷系统中进行处置。
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6.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4405332A
公开(公告)日：1983-09-20
申请号：US287581
申请日：1981-07-28
IPC分类号： C10L1/32
CPC分类号： C10L1/326
摘要： An improved fuel composition is provided comprising in minor proportion a non-dewatered sewage sludge and in major proportion a particulate solid fuel. A method is also provided for the incineration of sewage sludge comprising providing a pumpable admixture of a non-dewatered sewage sludge and a particulate solid fuel and incinerating the admixture.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种改进的燃料组合物，其中少部分地包含未脱水的污水污泥，并且主要部分包括颗粒状固体燃料。 还提供了一种用于焚化污泥的方法，包括提供非脱水的污水污泥和颗粒状固体燃料的可泵送的混合物并焚化所述混合物。
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