公开(公告)号：US11873450B2

公开(公告)日：2024-01-16

申请号：US18109624

申请日：2023-02-14

Applicant: Teal Sales Incorporated

Inventor： Matthew Bernard Mclauglin Hoffman ,  William B. Teal

IPC: C10G1/00 ,  C10G1/02 ,  C10G9/04 ,  C10G9/38 ,  B01J19/24 ,  B01J19/00

CPC classification number: C10G1/002 ,  B01J19/0013 ,  B01J19/2465 ,  C10G1/02 ,  C10G9/04 ,  C10G9/38 ,  C10G2300/1014 ,  C10G2300/4006 ,  C10G2300/4018 ,  C10G2300/4081

Abstract: A system is provided that enables a continuous process that involves the introduction of particles into a reactor drum having a low oxygen environment. Heavy hydrocarbons are boiled off of the particles during the heating of the particles. The boiled off heavy hydrocarbons mix with a heated gas stream that heats the particles within the reactor drum. The heated gas stream (with the boiled off heavy hydrocarbons) exit the drum and are recirculated back to a heat source for reheating the gas stream prior to reentering the reactor drum. Repeated exposure to the elevated temperatures within the reactor drum cracks the heavy hydrocarbons into lighter hydrocarbons. The lighter hydrocarbons may then be separated out of the heated gas stream and collected for sale or use.

公开(公告)号：US08449763B2

公开(公告)日：2013-05-28

申请号：US12761204

申请日：2010-04-15

Applicant: Willem P. C. Duyvesteyn

Inventor： Willem P. C. Duyvesteyn

IPC: C10G9/38

CPC classification number: B01J19/26 ,  C10G1/02 ,  C10G9/00 ,  C10G2300/4056 ,  Y10T29/49716

Abstract: Embodiments of a nozzle reactor of the type useable to inject a first material feed stock and a second material feed stock to cause interaction between the first material feed stock and second material feed stock are described herein. According to some embodiments, the nozzle reactor may crack residual oil produced by other processing units in a refinery process. Furthermore, nozzle reactors may replace traditional processing units of a refinery process, such as cokers, hydrocrackers and deasphalting units.

Abstract translation: 本文描述了可用于注入第一材料原料和第二材料原料以引起第一原料原料和第二原料原料之间相互作用的类型的喷嘴反应器的实施方案。 根据一些实施例，喷嘴反应器可以在炼油过程中裂开由其它处理单元产生的残余油。 此外，喷嘴反应器可以替代炼油工艺的传统加工单元，例如焦化器，加氢裂化器和脱沥青装置。

公开(公告)号：US4938862A

公开(公告)日：1990-07-03

申请号：US309757

申请日：1989-02-10

Applicant: Diederik Visser ,  Mathijs M. G. Senden ,  Jean J. H. E. Dell Amico

Inventor： Diederik Visser ,  Mathijs M. G. Senden ,  Jean J. H. E. Dell Amico

IPC: C10G7/06 ,  C10G9/38 ,  C10G21/14 ,  C10G49/00 ,  C10G51/02 ,  C10G67/02 ,  C10G67/04 ,  C10K3/00 ,  C10K3/02

CPC classification number: C10G67/02 ,  C10G49/007 ,  C10G67/049 ,  Y10S208/95

Abstract: Process for thermal cracking of residual hydrocarbon oils by(1) feeding the oil and a synthesis gas to a thermal cracking zone, the gas having a temperature sufficiently high to maintain the temperature in the cracking zone by direct heat exchange at 420.degree.-645.degree. C.;(2) separating the cracked products into (a) a gas, (b) at least one distillate fraction and (c) a cracked residue;(3) separating the cracked residue into a heavy hydrocarbon oil poor in asphaltenes and a heavy hydrocarbon oil rich in asphaltenes;(4) gasifying the oil rich in asphaltenes in the presence of oxygen and steam to produce synthesis gas; and(5) recycling synthesis gas from step 4 as feed to step 1.

公开(公告)号：US4613426A

公开(公告)日：1986-09-23

申请号：US625713

申请日：1984-06-28

Applicant: Toshiro Okamoto ,  Michio Ohshima

Inventor： Toshiro Okamoto ,  Michio Ohshima

IPC: C10G9/36 ,  C07C4/04 ,  C10G9/38 ,  C10G47/00 ,  C10G47/22 ,  C10G47/32 ,  C10G69/02

CPC classification number: C10G47/22

Abstract: A thermal cracking process for producing petrochemical products from hydrocarbons which comprises the steps of: burning hydrocarbons with oxygen in the presence of steam to produce a hot gas of from 1300.degree. to 3000.degree. C. comprising steam; feeding a mixture of methane and hydrogen to the hot gas in such a way that a methane/hydrogen molar ratio is over 0.05; further feeding starting hydrocarbons to the hot gas comprising the methane, hydrogen and steam so that the starting hydrocarbons containing hydrocarbon components of higher boiling points are, respectively, fed to higher temperature zones; subjecting the starting hydrocarbons to thermal cracking while keeping the cracking temperature at 650.degree. to 1500.degree. C., the total residence time at 5 to 1000 milliseconds, the pressure at 2 to 100 bars, and the partial pressure of hydrogen, after thermal cracking of a hydrocarbon comprising hydrocarbon components whose boiling point exceeds 200.degree. C., at least 0.1 bar; and quenching the resulting reaction product.

Abstract translation: 一种用于从烃生产石油化学产品的热裂解方法，其包括以下步骤：在蒸汽存在下用氧气燃烧烃，以产生含有蒸汽的1300℃至3000℃的热气体; 以甲烷/氢摩尔比超过0.05的方式将甲烷和氢气的混合物供给到热气体中; 进一步将起始烃进料到包括甲烷，氢气和蒸汽的热气体中，使得含有较高沸点的烃组分的起始烃分别进料到较高温度区; 将起始烃进行热裂解，同时保持裂化温度在650〜1500℃，总停留时间为5〜1000毫秒，压力为2〜100巴，氢分压在热裂化后 包含沸点超过200℃，至少0.1巴的烃组分的烃; 并淬灭所得反应产物。

公开(公告)号：US4500324A

公开(公告)日：1985-02-19

申请号：US507866

申请日：1983-06-27

Applicant: Dinh-Cuong Vuong

Inventor： Dinh-Cuong Vuong

IPC: C02F1/52 ,  C02F9/00 ,  C10G9/38 ,  C02F1/54

CPC classification number: C02F1/5272 ,  C02F1/5236 ,  C02F2101/18 ,  C10G2400/26 ,  Y10S210/912

Abstract: The nickel content of a waste water stream, such as a stream of grey water that is separated in the decanting operation of a partial oxidation process or blow-down water from a gas quench cooling and/or scrubbing operation is reduced to below 1 mg/l to produce an environmentally upgraded water stream. In the process, the dilute waste water stream containing nickel impurities at a temperature in the range of about 60.degree. to 220.degree. F. is mixed with a water soluble material selected from the group consisting of formaldehyde, ionizable polysulfide salt, and hydrogen peroxide; and with dimethyl glyoxime. The pH is adjusted to a value in the range of over 7 to 11 by the addition of a base material and a water insoluble nickel precipitate forms. The precipitate and other insoluble matter are separated from the water by means of at least one conventional solids-liquid separator, and a stream of upgraded water is produced. At least a portion of the upgraded water stream may be recycled to the gas quench cooling and/or scrubbing operation. The nickel content of the upgraded water stream has been reduced to conform with environmental regulations. Further, build-up of nickel in the recycle circulating water system and the formation of troublesome nickel carbonyl are prevented.

Abstract translation: 废水流的镍含量，例如在部分氧化过程的倾析操作中分离的灰水流或来自气体淬火冷却和/或洗涤操作的排放水的镍含量降低至低于1mg / 以产生环境升级的水流。 在此过程中，将含有镍杂质的稀释废水流在约60°至220°F的温度范围内与选自甲醛，可电离的多硫化物盐和过氧化氢的水溶性物质混合; 和二甲基乙二醛。 通过添加基础材料和形成水不溶性镍沉淀物将pH调节至超过7至11的范围内的值。 通过至少一种常规的固体 - 液体分离器将沉淀物和其它不溶物质与水分离，并且产生升级的水流。 升级后的水流的至少一部分可以再循环到气体淬火冷却和/或洗涤操作。 升级后的水流的镍含量已经减少，符合环保法规。 此外，防止了循环循环水系统中镍的积累和形成麻烦的镍羰基。

公开(公告)号：US4430096A

公开(公告)日：1984-02-07

申请号：US272857

申请日：1981-06-12

Applicant: Friedrich Schnur ,  Boy Cornils ,  Josef Hibbel ,  Bern-Hard Lieder

Inventor： Friedrich Schnur ,  Boy Cornils ,  Josef Hibbel ,  Bern-Hard Lieder

IPC: C01B3/32 ,  C10G9/38 ,  C10J3/46 ,  C10J3/72 ,  C10J3/54

CPC classification number: C10J3/00 ,  C01B3/32 ,  C10J3/482 ,  C10J3/78 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0969 ,  C10J2300/0976 ,  C10J2300/1846 ,  C10J2300/1884 ,  C10J2300/1892 ,  Y10S48/02

Abstract: An improved process for the production of a gas mixture containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide by endothermal partial oxidization of an organic compound with steam and/or carbon dioxide is disclosed wherein at least a portion of the heat required for the partial oxidation is obtained by direct heat exchange with products obtained from the gasification of a carbonaceous ash-forming fuel with oxygen in the presence of steam.

Abstract translation: 公开了通过用蒸汽和/或二氧化碳的有机化合物的吸热部分氧化来生产含有氢和一氧化碳的气体混合物的改进方法，其中部分氧化所需的至少一部分热量是通过直接热 在有蒸汽存在的情况下，与含碳灰分形成燃料与氧气气化获得的产物交换。

公开(公告)号：US4395975A

公开(公告)日：1983-08-02

申请号：US341768

申请日：1982-01-22

Applicant: Robert A. Ashworth ,  Antonio A. Padilla ,  Larry A. Rodriguez ,  Ned B. Spake

Inventor： Robert A. Ashworth ,  Antonio A. Padilla ,  Larry A. Rodriguez ,  Ned B. Spake

IPC: C10G9/38 ,  C10J3/57 ,  C10L9/02 ,  C10J1/00

CPC classification number: C10L9/02 ,  C10J3/57 ,  C10J3/74 ,  C10G2400/26 ,  C10J2300/0906 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0943 ,  C10J2300/0946 ,  C10J2300/0956 ,  C10J2300/0959 ,  C10J2300/0996 ,  C10J2300/1606 ,  C10J2300/1846

Abstract: A method for desulfurization and oxidation of carbonaceous fuels including a two stage oxidation technique. The carbonaceous fuel, along with an oxygen-containing gas is introduced into a first stage partial oxidation unit containing molten slag maintained at a temperature of about 2200.degree.-2600.degree. F. A flux may also be introduced into the first stage partial oxidation unit for the purpose of maintaining the viscosity of the molten slag at a value no greater than about 10 poise. The carbonaceous fuel is gasified, and sulfur is chemically bound and captured in the molten slag. The combustible gas derived from partial oxidation and gasification is directed along a substantially horizontal path to a second stage oxidation unit for final combustion. The sulfur-containing slag is removed to a water-sealed quench system for disposal.

Abstract translation: 含碳燃料的脱硫和氧化的方法，包括两阶段氧化技术。 将含碳燃料与含氧气体一起引入含有保持在约2200-2600°F温度的熔融炉渣的第一级部分氧化装置中。还可以将通量引入第一级部分氧化装置 将熔渣的粘度保持在不大于约10泊的值的目的。 碳质燃料气化，硫化学结合并捕获在熔渣中。 源自部分氧化和气化的可燃气体沿着基本上水平的路径被引导到用于最终燃烧的第二级氧化单元。 将含硫渣除去到水密封的骤冷系统中进行处置。

公开(公告)号：US4321131A

公开(公告)日：1982-03-23

申请号：US254506

申请日：1980-04-15

Applicant: Christopher M. Lowe

Inventor： Christopher M. Lowe

IPC: C10G11/20 ,  C10G9/36 ,  C10G9/38 ,  C07C2/10 ,  C07C4/02 ,  C07C4/04

CPC classification number: C10G9/38 ,  C10G2400/20

Abstract: A process is disclosed for heat carrier generation for the advanced cracking reaction process comprising separately preheating an oxidant stream; joining a fuel stream and at least a portion of the process steam stream to form a stream having a steam-to-fuel ration between 0.1-10; preheating the joined stream; reforming said joined stream at a temperature up to 1000.degree. C. in the presence of a reforming catalyst comprising at least one metal selected from the metals of Group VIII of the Periodic Table of Elements on an inert support; separately preheating any remainder of the process steam; and mixing said preheated oxidant, joint and steam streams to burn in admixture in a combustion zone to provide a hot gaseous combustion products stream.

Abstract translation: 公开了用于先进裂化反应过程的热载体产生的方法，包括单独预热氧化剂流; 连接燃料流和至少一部分工艺蒸汽流以形成蒸汽与燃料比在0.1-10之间的流; 预热接合流; 在包含至少一种选自元素周期表第Ⅷ族金属的金属在惰性载体上的重整催化剂存在下，在高达1000℃的温度下，重整所述连接的料流; 单独预热过程蒸汽的任何剩余部分; 并将所述预热的氧化剂，接头和蒸汽流混合在燃烧区中混合燃烧以提供热气态燃烧产物流。

公开(公告)号：US4303494A

公开(公告)日：1981-12-01

申请号：US64142

申请日：1979-08-06

Applicant: Darrell D. Whitehurst ,  Tsoung Y. Yan

Inventor： Darrell D. Whitehurst ,  Tsoung Y. Yan

IPC: B01J8/20 ,  C01B39/04 ,  C08F2/06 ,  C08F10/00 ,  C10B55/10 ,  C10G1/04 ,  C10G1/06 ,  C10G9/00 ,  C10G9/28 ,  C10G9/38 ,  C10G1/00

CPC classification number: C10G9/38 ,  B01J8/20 ,  C01B39/04 ,  C08F10/00 ,  C10B55/10 ,  C10G1/042 ,  C10G1/045 ,  C10G1/065 ,  C10G9/005 ,  C10G9/28 ,  B01J2219/1946 ,  Y02P20/582

Abstract: A solid product resulting from the nucleated growth of the product on solid material of either the same or different composition and having a density higher than the reaction medium is formed from one or more liquid phase reactants by a method which comprises tangentially introducing the liquid phase reaction medium into the lower, smaller end of an inverted, frusto-conical reactor-separator, thereby imparting an upward swirling motion to the reaction medium in the reactor-separator, the horizontal velocity at the bottom of the reactor-separator being sufficiently large to cause fluidization of larger, solid product particles and concentration of them in the central lower portion of the reactor-separator and the vertical velocity at the top of the reactor-separator being sufficiently small to avoid carry-over of the smaller solid particles but sufficiently large to concentrate them in the upper portion of the reactor-separator; at least periodically recovering the larger, solid product particles in spherical form from the bottom of the reactor-separator; and recovering fluid products from the top of the reactor-separator. The method described is useful in a variety of reactions wherein a solid product forms by a nucleated growth mechanism. Examples of such reactions include thermal upgrading of petroleum derived feedstocks and coal liquids, synthesis of zeolites and Ziegler-Natta polymerization of olefins.

Abstract translation: 由相同或不同组成的固体材料产生的具有比反应介质高的密度产生的固体产物由一种或多种液相反应物形成，该方法包括切向引入液相反应 介质进入倒立的截头圆锥形反应器分离器的较小的较小端，从而向反应器分离器中的反应介质施加向上旋转运动，反应器分离器底部的水平速度足够大以致 更大的固体产物颗粒的流化和它们在反应器分离器的中心下部的浓度以及反应器分离器顶部的垂直速度足够小以避免较小固体颗粒的滞留，但足够大以至 将它们集中在反应器分离器的上部; 从反应器分离器的底部至少周期性地回收球形的更大的固体产物颗粒; 并从反应器分离器的顶部回收流体产物。 所描述的方法可用于通过有核生长机制形成固体产物的各种反应。 这种反应的实例包括石油衍生的原料和煤液体的热升级，沸石的合成和烯烃的齐格勒 - 纳塔聚合。

公开(公告)号：US4288408A

公开(公告)日：1981-09-08

申请号：US922675

申请日：1978-07-07

Applicant: Eugene D. Guth ,  LeGrand A. Daly ,  John K. Arand

Inventor： Eugene D. Guth ,  LeGrand A. Daly ,  John K. Arand

IPC: C10G9/38 ,  B01J7/00 ,  B01J10/00

CPC classification number: C10G9/38 ,  C10G2400/20 ,  Y02P30/40

Abstract: Apparatus for the diacritic cracking of heavy hydrocarbon feeds includes a combustor for burning a fuel, to provide the hot combustion products to the reactor. The combustor is water cooled and includes gas filming with an appropriate gas such as N.sub.2 or CO.sub.2 to avoid coking in the combustor by preventing impingement of the fuel and combustion products on the combustor walls. The reactor is of reduced cross-section, also preferably utilizing gas filming to avoid coking on the reactor walls. Feed stock injectors are provided adjacent the reactor inlet. Adjacent the outlet end of the reactor is a quench section designed for the rapid injection of a quench fluid to reduce the stream temperature below that at which further cracking will take place, with the quench injectors also being gas filmed to avoid the coking thereof. Thereafter a tubular heat exchanger is provided to remove additional heat from the primary flow stream from the reactor for recovery purposes, the heat exchanger again using gas filming to minimize the build-up of coking and tar build-up, particularly encouraged by the rapidly decreasing temperatures. The gaseous products are then further quenched and cooled for processing by conventional means.

Abstract translation: 用于重烃进料的裂变裂化的装置包括用于燃烧燃料的燃烧器，以将热燃烧产物提供给反应器。 燃烧器是水冷的，并且包括用合适的气体例如N 2或CO 2进行气体成膜，以避免燃烧器中的燃料和燃烧产物撞击在燃烧器壁上。 反应器的横截面减小，还优选利用气体成膜以避免焦化在反应器壁上。 在反应器入口附近提供原料喷射器。 邻近反应器的出口端是淬火部分，其设计用于快速注入骤冷流体，以将物流温度降低到低于将发生进一步裂化的流温度，同时骤冷喷射器也被气相成膜以避免焦化。 此后，提供管状热交换器以从用于回收目的的反应器的主流流中除去额外的热量，热交换器再次使用气体成膜以最小化焦化和焦油堆积的积聚，特别是由快速降低 温度。 然后将气体产物进一步骤冷和冷却以通过常规方法进行处理。