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    Memory management methods in a computer system with shared memory mappings
    2.
    发明授权
    Memory management methods in a computer system with shared memory mappings 有权
    具有共享内存映射的计算机系统中的内存管理方法

    公开(公告)号：US08015367B1

    公开(公告)日：2011-09-06

    申请号：US11676151

    申请日：2007-02-16

    申请人： Anil Rao ,  Carl Waldspurger ,  Xiaoxin Chen

    发明人： Anil Rao ,  Carl Waldspurger ,  Xiaoxin Chen

    IPC分类号： G06F12/00 ,  G06F13/00 ,  G06F13/28

    CPC分类号： G06F12/121 ,  G06F12/109 ,  G06F2212/656

    摘要： A host computer system is configured to present each of multiple resident contexts with an address space that may be mapped, at least in part, to corresponding portions of a host memory. The address space of a selected context is sampled, and, for each of a plurality of sampled portions of the address space of the selected context that are backed by a corresponding portion of host memory, a count of the number of portions of address spaces of any contexts that are backed by the same portion of the host memory is obtained. A metric is then computed as a function of the count. A decision about swapping out or reclaiming the allocation of the memory of the contexts is based on the metric. The metric is preferably a function of a mean (such as harmonic, geometric or arithmetic) or median of the counts for each context.

    摘要翻译： 主计算机系统被配置为向多个驻留上下文中的每一个提供可至少部分地映射到主机存储器的对应部分的地址空间。 对所选择的上下文的地址空间进行采样，并且对于由主机存储器的对应部分支持的所选择的上下文的地址空间的多个采样部分中的每一个，对于所选择的上下文的地址空间的部分的数量的计数 获得由主机存储器的相同部分支持的任何上下文。 然后计算度量作为计数的函数。 关于交换或回收上下文存储器的分配的决定基于度量。 该度量优选地是每个上下文的计数的平均值（诸如谐波，几何或算术）或计数的中值的函数。

    UTILIZING CACHE INFORMATION TO MANAGE MEMORY ACCESS AND CACHE UTILIZATION
    3.
    发明申请
    UTILIZING CACHE INFORMATION TO MANAGE MEMORY ACCESS AND CACHE UTILIZATION 有权
    使用缓存信息管理内存访问和缓存使用

    公开(公告)号：US20090187713A1

    公开(公告)日：2009-07-23

    申请号：US12199671

    申请日：2008-08-27

    申请人： John ZEDLEWSKI ,  Carl WALDSPURGER

    发明人： John ZEDLEWSKI ,  Carl WALDSPURGER

    IPC分类号： G06F12/00 ,  G06F12/08

    CPC分类号： G06F12/084 ,  G06F11/3409 ,  G06F11/3471 ,  G06F12/0842 ,  G06F2201/81 ,  G06F2201/815 ,  G06F2201/86 ,  G06F2201/88 ,  G06F2201/885

    摘要： A method and system of managing data access in a shared memory cache of a processor are disclosed. The method includes probing one or more memory addresses that map to a subset of the shared memory cache and sensing a plurality of events in the one or more memory addresses. Cache utilization information is then obtained by reading a hardware performance counter of the processor. The hardware performance counter is incremented based on the occurrence of the plurality of events. Based upon the cache utilization information, an occurrence of one of the plurality of events is reduced.

    摘要翻译： 公开了一种在处理器的共享存储器高速缓存中管理数据访问的方法和系统。 该方法包括探测映射到共享存储器高速缓存的子集的一个或多个存储器地址并感测一个或多个存储器地址中的多个事件。 然后通过读取处理器的硬件性能计数器来获得缓存利用率信息。 硬件性能计数器根据多个事件的发生而增加。 基于高速缓存利用信息，减少了多个事件之一的发生。

    System for managing and providing expandable resource reservations in a tree hierarchy
    5.
    发明授权
    System for managing and providing expandable resource reservations in a tree hierarchy 有权
    用于在树状层次结构中管理和提供可扩展资源预留的系统

    公开(公告)号：US08060883B1

    公开(公告)日：2011-11-15

    申请号：US11707416

    申请日：2007-02-16

    申请人： Anil Rao ,  Carl Waldspurger ,  Xiaoxin Chen

    发明人： Anil Rao ,  Carl Waldspurger ,  Xiaoxin Chen

    IPC分类号： G06F9/46 ,  G06F15/173

    CPC分类号： G06F9/5077

    摘要： Described herein are approaches to managing expandable resource reservations. In one approach, a method is described in which an attempt is made to change a resource reservation from a first amount to a second amount. The second amount is examined to determine whether it exceeds a reservation limit. The second amount is compared with available resources, and reserved.

    摘要翻译： 这里描述了管理可扩展资源预留的方法。 在一种方法中，描述了一种尝试将资源预留从第一量改变为第二量的方法。 检查第二个数量以确定它是否超过预定限制。 第二个数量与可用资源进行比较，并保留。

    Alternating scheduling and descheduling of coscheduled contexts
    7.
    发明授权
    Alternating scheduling and descheduling of coscheduled contexts 有权
    协调调度和调度上下文的调度

    公开(公告)号：US08171488B1

    公开(公告)日：2012-05-01

    申请号：US11707287

    申请日：2007-02-16

    申请人： Carl Waldspurger ,  John Zedlewski ,  Andrei Dorofeev

    发明人： Carl Waldspurger ,  John Zedlewski ,  Andrei Dorofeev

    IPC分类号： G06F9/46

    CPC分类号： G06F9/4881

    摘要： Management of contexts that execute on a computer system is described. More specifically, context scheduling in a virtual machine environment is described. A set of coscheduled contexts, including at least a first context and a second context, are monitored. The first and second contexts are alternately scheduled and descheduled so that both the first context and the second context are not concurrently scheduled.

    摘要翻译： 描述在计算机系统上执行的上下文的管理。 更具体地，描述了虚拟机环境中的上下文调度。 监视包括至少第一上下文和第二上下文的一组调谐上下文。 第一和第二上下文被交替调度和调度，使得第一上下文和第二上下文都不被同时调度。

    Utilizing cache information to manage memory access and cache utilization
    8.
    发明授权
    Utilizing cache information to manage memory access and cache utilization 有权
    利用缓存信息来管理内存访问和缓存利用率

    公开(公告)号：US07831773B2

    公开(公告)日：2010-11-09

    申请号：US12199671

    申请日：2008-08-27

    申请人： John Zedlewski ,  Carl Waldspurger

    发明人： John Zedlewski ,  Carl Waldspurger

    IPC分类号： G06F12/00

    CPC分类号： G06F12/084 ,  G06F11/3409 ,  G06F11/3471 ,  G06F12/0842 ,  G06F2201/81 ,  G06F2201/815 ,  G06F2201/86 ,  G06F2201/88 ,  G06F2201/885

    摘要： A method and system of managing data access in a shared memory cache of a processor are disclosed. The method includes probing one or more memory addresses that map to a subset of the shared memory cache and sensing a plurality of events in the one or more memory addresses. Cache utilization information is then obtained by reading a hardware performance counter of the processor. The hardware performance counter is incremented based on the occurrence of the plurality of events. Based upon the cache utilization information, an occurrence of one of the plurality of events is reduced.

    摘要翻译： 公开了一种在处理器的共享存储器高速缓存中管理数据访问的方法和系统。 该方法包括探测映射到共享存储器高速缓存的子集的一个或多个存储器地址并感测一个或多个存储器地址中的多个事件。 然后通过读取处理器的硬件性能计数器来获得缓存利用率信息。 硬件性能计数器根据多个事件的发生而增加。 基于高速缓存利用信息，减少了多个事件之一的发生。

    Determining memory conditions in a virtual machine
    9.
    发明授权
    Determining memory conditions in a virtual machine 有权
    确定虚拟机中的内存条件

    公开(公告)号：US07702843B1

    公开(公告)日：2010-04-20

    申请号：US11525561

    申请日：2006-09-21

    申请人： Xiaoxin Chen ,  Carl Waldspurger ,  Anil Rao

    发明人： Xiaoxin Chen ,  Carl Waldspurger ,  Anil Rao

    IPC分类号： G06F21/00 ,  G06F12/00 ,  G06F9/455

    CPC分类号： G06F9/45545 ,  G06F9/45533 ,  G06F9/45558 ,  G06F9/5016 ,  G06F9/5077 ,  G06F12/023 ,  G06F12/08 ,  G06F12/109 ,  G06F2009/45583 ,  G06F2209/508 ,  G06F2212/151

    摘要： Memory assigned to a virtual machine is reclaimed. A resource reservation application running as a guest application on the virtual machine reserves a location in guest virtual memory. The corresponding physical memory can be reclaimed and allocated to another virtual machine. The resource reservation application allows detection of guest virtual memory page-out by the guest operating system. Measuring guest virtual memory page-out is useful for determining memory conditions inside the guest operating system. Given determined memory conditions, memory allocation and reclaiming can be used control memory conditions. Memory conditions in the virtual machine can be controlled with the objective of achieving some target memory conditions.

    摘要翻译： 回收分配给虚拟机的内存。 在虚拟机上作为访客应用程序运行的资源预留应用程序在guest虚拟机中保留位置。 相应的物理内存可以被回收并分配给另一个虚拟机。 资源预留应用程序允许由客户操作系统检测访客虚拟存储器页面输出。 测量访客虚拟内存页面输出对于确定客户机操作系统中的内存条件非常有用。 给定确定的内存条件，内存分配和回收可以用于控制内存条件。 可以通过实现一些目标内存条件来控制虚拟机中的内存条件。

    Defining and measuring skew between coscheduled contexts
    10.
    发明授权
    Defining and measuring skew between coscheduled contexts 有权
    定义和测量协调语境之间的偏差

    公开(公告)号：US08296767B1

    公开(公告)日：2012-10-23

    申请号：US11707729

    申请日：2007-02-16

    申请人： Carl Waldspurger ,  John Zedlewski ,  Andrei Dorofeev

    发明人： Carl Waldspurger ,  John Zedlewski ,  Andrei Dorofeev

    IPC分类号： G06F9/455 ,  G06F9/46

    CPC分类号： G06F9/45504 ,  G06F9/4881

    摘要： Management of contexts that execute on a computer system is described. More specifically, context scheduling in a virtual machine environment is described. Times at which a context transitions from a scheduled state to a descheduled state and times at which the context transitions from a descheduled state to a scheduled state are recorded for each context. Skew is detected using the recorded times. The amount of skew can be quantified, and a corrective action is triggered if the amount of skew fails to satisfy a threshold value.

    摘要翻译： 描述在计算机系统上执行的上下文的管理。 更具体地，描述了虚拟机环境中的上下文调度。 对于每个上下文记录上下文从调度状态转换到预定状态的时间，以及上下文从转发状态转移到调度状态的时间。 使用记录的时间检测偏斜。 可以量化偏斜量，并且如果偏斜量不能满足阈值，则触发纠正动作。