摘要:
A system and method for detecting a spread spectrum encoded message within a received signal is described. The spread spectrum encoded message has an unknown code phase, unknown code frequency offset, and unknown carrier frequency offset. A plurality of code phase hypotheses, code frequency offset hypotheses, and carrier frequency offset hypotheses are searched in parallel. The unknown code phase, unknown code frequency offset, and unknown carrier frequency offset may also be estimated.
摘要:
A parallel correlator and method includes temporarily storing in a series of P sequence registers, each of length R1, serial bit-sequences of a code of length N=P*R1. In a first-level of processing, certain unique bit sequences are inverted to reduce the number of unique bit sequences by half. Identical bit-sequences are then combined and temporarily stored in a first-level sub-accumulation register. Alternatively, bit sequences differing by only one bit may be combined in a common first-level sub-accumulation register. Further levels of similar processing may be imposed, where each subsequent level taps and inverts only a portion of the bits in the above level of processing, thereby reducing the number of unique bit sequences. Finally, all negative energy is combined in one register position, inverted, and added to all positive energy in the other register positions. When the spreading code was aligned among the series of sequence registers, the energy is added coherently and an energy peak is output, indicating alignment of the spreading code in the sequence registers.
摘要:
A method is presented for estimating a phase error for first (rI) and second (rQ) orthogonal signal components spread respectively by different first cI and second cQ spreading codes. A cross-despread value IdQ and/or QdI is determined by despreading one signal component with the spreading codes associated with the other signal component (rI with cQ or rQ with cI). In parallel, the same signal component is also despread with its associated spreading code to determine an estimated data symbol for that component. An interference of Q into I or I into Q is calculated and multiplied by the estimated data symbol, and subtracted from the cross-despread value to achieve an estimate of phase error. Preferably, both cross-despread values are obtained, normalized to a common data rate, scaled to maximize signal to noise ratio, and combined into one phase error estimate. A phase error detector includes despreaders, multipliers, and adders to determine the cross-despread value and subtract the interference from it.
摘要:
A communications system employs the use of both synchronous CDMA and FDMA to provide a variable bandwidth waveform with multiple bonded transmitters and receivers that are agile in both frequency and PN code to permit a variable bandwidth and variable rate multiple access system. In a first aspect the teachings provide the use of both CDMA and FDMA together to enable an improved concentration efficiency by making a larger pool of bandwidth available to each user. In a second aspect these teachings enable channel bonding across both code space and frequency space, thus making the system capable of operating within a variable (not necessarily contiguous) bandwidth and at a finely variable rate.
摘要:
A communications system including a clock recovery circuit that extracts a clock signal from incoming digital data, the clock recovery circuit comprising:a voltage controlled oscillator having a control node and having an output producing an output wave having a frequency that varies in response to a voltage applied to the control node; charge pump and loop filter circuitry that controls the rate of change of the voltage on the control node of the voltage controlled oscillator; a start-up circuit that performs frequency detection and, in conjunction with the charge pump and loop filter circuitry, adjusts the voltage on the control node of the voltage controlled oscillator; and a state machine that performs phase detection and adjusts the voltage on the control node of the voltage controlled oscillator.
摘要:
Disclosed is a method for transmitting information in a CDMA communication system, the method including steps of (a) multiplexing data and control information into a data stream; (b) encoding the data stream to form a stream of encoded I/Q symbol pairs; (c) inserting synchronization information into the stream of encoded I/Q symbol pairs; and (d) spreading the encoded I/Q symbol pairs and the inserted synchronization information using a same pseudonoise (pn) spreading code prior to transmission as a frame. The preferred frame structure includes an unencoded synchronization field followed by a plurality of multi-byte data fields. Individual ones of the plurality of data fields are separated by a control message field. Individual ones of the control message fields contain a single byte of a multi-byte control message frame.
摘要:
A technique for receiving multiple spread spectrum bursts is disclosed. Each spread spectrum burst is encoded with a common spreading code and may include an individual message and unique signal parameters. The technique includes the detection of the spread spectrum encoded bursts and estimation of the reception signal parameters. A single one of a plurality of burst receivers is assigned to each detected burst to extract the individual message of the detected burst.
摘要:
A first node initiating communications with a second node already in a secure network sends a discovery burst having a preamble portion and a payload portion. The preamble portion is sent at a varying frequency between high and low thresholds that are reflective of Doppler uncertainty between the nodes. The second node continuously listens at a frequency, termed an acquisition frequency. A data sequence in the preamble portion, known to the second node, is received and used to determine the receive instant in the preamble portion, and thereby compare against the known frequency ramp to determine the frequency at which the payload portion will be received. Preferably, the first node varies the preamble portion between thresholds more than once within the time span of a single preamble portion, and the preamble and payload portions are spread with different spreading codes. The preamble portion may also be disguised with noise generated by the first node.
摘要:
A composite code is made for example by exclusive-OR'ing each real element of a first constituent code A with each element of a second constituent code B to obtain a basic composite code. To suppress autocorrelation, differing numbers of doping code elements are inserted between code segments made from combining each element of code A with an element of code B. A matched filter first stage removes from its input the A code and any doping code added to it, summing the elements of code A. A matched filter second stage removes from its input the B code and any doping code added at the second level. The summed elements of code B are the input to the first stage. Optionally, the summed elements of the doping code at any level may be delayed and summed with the elements of the A code in the first stage.