公开(公告)号：US4643739A

公开(公告)日：1987-02-17

申请号：US792811

申请日：1985-10-30

Applicant: Gert Schuster ,  Helmut Vierrath ,  Hans Kupfer ,  Heinz Wolf

Inventor： Gert Schuster ,  Helmut Vierrath ,  Hans Kupfer ,  Heinz Wolf

IPC: C10J3/02 ,  C10J3/32 ,  C10J3/30

CPC classification number: C10J3/32 ,  C10J3/30 ,  C10J3/76 ,  C10J3/78 ,  C10J2200/152 ,  C10J2200/36 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0956 ,  C10J2300/0969 ,  C10J2300/0976

Abstract: The reactor for the gasification of the fuel in a fixed bed comprises a rotary distributor, which is disposed over the fixed bed and includes at least one outlet structure for the fuel. The outlet structure consists of a tube, which is formed at its lower end with two arcuate cutouts through which the fuel flows out approximately at right angles to the direction of movement of the tube. Each cutout lies in a plane which includes an angle of about 25.degree. to 50.degree. with the horizontal. The outlet end of the tube has preferably the same elevation on the leading and trailing sides of the tube.

Abstract translation: 用于在固定床中气化燃料的反应器包括旋转分配器，其设置在固定床上并且包括用于燃料的至少一个出口结构。 出口结构由管子组成，管子在其下端形成有两个弓形切口，燃料通过管子与管的运动方向大致垂直地流出。 每个切口位于与水平面成约25°至50°角的平面内。 管的出口端在管的前端和后侧具有优选相同的高度。

公开(公告)号：US4426809A

公开(公告)日：1984-01-24

申请号：US349875

申请日：1982-02-18

Applicant: Hans Kupfer ,  Paul Rudolph

Inventor： Hans Kupfer ,  Paul Rudolph

IPC: C10J3/02 ,  C10J3/30 ,  C10J3/32

CPC classification number: C10J3/02 ,  C10J3/08 ,  C10J3/26 ,  C10J3/30 ,  C10J3/32 ,  C10J3/76 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0946 ,  C10J2300/0959 ,  C10J2300/0969 ,  C10J2300/0976

Abstract: Solid fuels are gasified in a fixed bed with gasifying agents passed through the fixed bed from below. The gasification residues are withdrawn as solid ash or as liquid slag under the fixed bed. The reactor is charged with solid fuels through a lock chamber and with tar through a supply conduit. The tar is delivered to the fuel in numerous individual streams, which are distributed over the cross-section of the fixed bed.In the gasifying reactor, an inclined distributor surface is disposed over the fixed bed and has numerous passage openings for the tar and the solid fuels. The outlet end of the tar supply conduit is directed to the upper portion of the distributor surface. A tar tub having outlet openings is associated with the distributor surface and serves to receive the tar. The distributor surface is rotatable on a vertical axis.

Abstract translation: 固体燃料在固定床中气化，气化剂从下方通过固定床。 气化残渣作为固体灰分或作为固定床下的液态渣排出。 反应器通过锁定室装入固体燃料，焦油通过供应导管。 焦油被分配在固定床的横截面上的许多单独的流中被输送到燃料中。 在气化反应器中，倾斜的分配器表面设置在固定床上并且具有许多用于焦油和固体燃料的通道开口。 焦油供应管道的出口端被引导到分配器表面的上部。 具有出口开口的焦油桶与分配器表面相关联并用于接收焦油。 分配器表面可在垂直轴线上旋转。

公开(公告)号：US3972688A

公开(公告)日：1976-08-03

申请号：US544722

申请日：1975-01-28

Applicant: Gerhard Cornelius ,  Heinz Jockel ,  Hans Kupfer

Inventor： Gerhard Cornelius ,  Heinz Jockel ,  Hans Kupfer

IPC: C10G11/20 ,  B01J8/06 ,  C01B3/38 ,  B01J8/00 ,  G21D9/00

CPC classification number: B01J8/062 ,  C01B3/384

Abstract: A reactor for reacting gaseous or vaporized hydrocarbons with water vapor to produce carbon monoxide and hydrogen containing gases in the presence of a catalyst. The catalyst is contained in indirectly heated tubes in a heating zone which contains the gaseous heating fluid. The catalyst tubes extend through the reactor housing and at least partly into a heating zone defined by the reactor housing. The portion of the tubes extending into the reactor housing are surrounded by an inner shielding wall which is permeable to an outer shielding wall disposed within the reactor housing and defining a flow passage therewith.

Abstract translation: 一种用于使气态或蒸发的烃与水蒸汽反应以在催化剂存在下产生一氧化碳和含氢气体的反应器。 催化剂包含在包含气体加热流体的加热区中的间接加热的管中。 催化剂管延伸穿过反应器壳体并且至少部分地延伸到由反应器壳体限定的加热区域中。 延伸进入反应器壳体的管的部分由内屏蔽壁围绕，该内屏蔽壁对于设置在反应器壳体内的外屏蔽壁是可渗透的并且与其形成流动通道。

公开(公告)号：US4559207A

公开(公告)日：1985-12-17

申请号：US555860

申请日：1983-11-28

Applicant: Heinz Hiller ,  Emil Supp ,  Friedemann Marschner ,  Hans Kupfer ,  Lutz Weidemann

Inventor： Heinz Hiller ,  Emil Supp ,  Friedemann Marschner ,  Hans Kupfer ,  Lutz Weidemann

IPC: C07C29/15 ,  B01J8/06 ,  C07C27/00 ,  C07C29/152 ,  C07C29/154 ,  C07C31/04 ,  C07C67/00 ,  C22C38/18 ,  B01J19/02

CPC classification number: C22C38/18 ,  B01J8/06 ,  C07C29/152 ,  C07C29/154 ,  B01J2208/00212

Abstract: A reactor is provided for producing methanol by the reaction of synthesis gases containing carbon oxides and hydrogen in contact with a copper containing catalyst positioned in the reactor in catalyst tubes surrounded by boiling water under pressure. The catalyst tubes are made from a metallic material which is catalytically inactive with respect to the methanol synthesis gas and have approximately the same coefficient of thermal expansion as the shell of the reactor. The catalyst tubes are made of a steel composed of mixed austeniticferritic structure and containing 10-30% by weight chromium.

Abstract translation: 提供反应器，用于通过使含有碳氧化物和氢气的合成气与位于反应器中的含铜催化剂接触的反应器反应生成甲醇，催化剂管由沸水在压力下包围。 催化剂管由相对于甲醇合成气催化失活的金属材料制成，并且具有与反应器的壳大致相同的热膨胀系数。 催化剂管由含有10-30重量％铬的混合奥氏体铁素体结构的钢制成。

公开(公告)号：US4101376A

公开(公告)日：1978-07-18

申请号：US724125

申请日：1976-09-17

Applicant: Gerhard Cornelius ,  Heinz Jockel ,  Hans Kupfer

Inventor： Gerhard Cornelius ,  Heinz Jockel ,  Hans Kupfer

IPC: B01J8/06 ,  C01B3/38 ,  G21C1/00

CPC classification number: B01J8/062 ,  C01B3/384 ,  B01J2208/00132 ,  B01J2208/00212

Abstract: A reactor for reacting hydrocarbons with steam to produce carbon monoxide and hydrogen containing gases in the presence of a catalyst contained in a reaction tube and indirectly heated by heating fluid which is a gas that has been used to cool a nuclear reactor. The reaction tubes are surrounded by the heating fluid over a portion of their length in a heating zone and the other portion thereof is positioned outside of the heating zone. The reaction tubes are provided with one or more conduits for feeding of reactants and one or more conduits for discharging product gas.

Abstract translation: 一种用于使烃与蒸汽反应以在催化剂存在下产生一氧化碳和含氢气体的反应器，该催化剂包含在反应管中，并通过加热作为用于冷却核反应堆的气体的流体间接加热。 反应管在加热区域中被加热流体的一部分长度包围，其另一部分位于加热区的外部。 反应管设置有用于进料反应物的一个或多个导管和用于排出产物气体的一个或多个导管。

公开(公告)号：US4608059A

公开(公告)日：1986-08-26

申请号：US652760

申请日：1984-09-20

Applicant: Hans Kupfer ,  Carl Hafke

Inventor： Hans Kupfer ,  Carl Hafke

IPC: C10J3/42 ,  C10J3/06 ,  C10J3/14 ,  C10J3/16

CPC classification number: C10J3/42 ,  C10J3/30 ,  C10J3/723 ,  C10J3/78 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0959 ,  C10J2300/0969 ,  C10J2300/0976 ,  Y10S48/10

Abstract: The fuel constitutes a fixed bed in the reactor, which is provided in its lower portion with a rotating grate, which is adapted to be speed-controlled. The gasifying agents consisting of oxygen, steam and/or carbon dioxide are introduced through the rotating grate into the fixed bed. Under the action of the rotating grate the incombustible mineral constituents are delivered as solid ash to a lock chamber container. The speed of the rotating grate is controlled in dependence on the temperature in the lock chamber container. The speed will be decreased when the temperature in the lock chamber container exceeds a desired value, and increased when the temperature is too low. The desired temperature in the lock chamber container is taken into account as a range, which varies with time. The speed can be controlled by hand or can be automatically controlled with the aid of a computer. The rate at which oxygen as a gasifying agent is supplied to the reactor is also taken into account in the speed control.

Abstract translation: 燃料在反应器中构成固定床，其在其下部设置有适于进行速度控制的旋转炉排。 由氧，蒸汽和/或二氧化碳组成的气化剂通过旋转炉排引入固定床。 在旋转格栅的作用下，不可燃矿物成分作为固体灰分输送到锁室容器。 旋转炉排的速度根据锁室容器内的温度进行控制。 当锁室容器中的温度超过期望值时，速度将会降低，当温度过低时，速度会增加。 考虑到锁室容器中的期望温度作为随时间变化的范围。 速度可以手动控制，也可以通过电脑自动控制。 在速度控制中也考虑了将作为气化剂的氧气供应到反应器的速率。

公开(公告)号：US4040800A

公开(公告)日：1977-08-09

申请号：US715077

申请日：1976-08-17

Applicant: Paul Rudolph ,  Herbert Bierbach ,  Hans Kupfer ,  Carl Hafke ,  Rudolf Kohlen

Inventor： Paul Rudolph ,  Herbert Bierbach ,  Hans Kupfer ,  Carl Hafke ,  Rudolf Kohlen

IPC: C10J3/32 ,  C10J3/30

CPC classification number: C10J3/32 ,  C10J3/30 ,  C10J3/76 ,  C10J3/78 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0946 ,  C10J2300/0956 ,  C10J2300/0959 ,  C10J2300/0976

Abstract: An apparatus for gasifying solid fuels such as coal, in a packed bed by a treatment with a gasifying agent such as free oxygen-containing gas and water vapor under pressure, comprising a water-cooled reactor housing provided in its lower portion with gasifying agent inlet openings, a fuel distributor mounted on a vertical axis, a stirrer on a shaft disposed in the fuel bed in the upper portion of the reactor, and independent first and second drive means for independently rotating the fuel distributor and stirrer. Advantageously the distributor includes a hollow bearing shaft coaxial with the shaft of the stirrer and the stirrer shaft also has a bearing, a common bearing support cooperating with both of the bearings.

Abstract translation: 一种用于在固体燃料例如煤中气化固体燃料的装置，在填充床中通过用气态化合物如游离含氧气体和水蒸气在压力下进行处理，包括在其下部设置有气化剂入口的水冷式反应器壳体 开口，安装在垂直轴上的燃料分配器，设置在反应器上部的燃料床中的轴上的搅拌器，以及用于独立地旋转燃料分配器和搅拌器的独立的第一和第二驱动装置。 有利地，分配器包括与搅拌器的轴同轴的中空轴承轴，并且搅拌器轴还具有轴承，与两个轴承配合的公共轴承支撑件。

公开(公告)号：US4405340A

公开(公告)日：1983-09-20

申请号：US272429

申请日：1981-06-10

Applicant: Hans Kupfer ,  Paul Rudolph

Inventor： Hans Kupfer ,  Paul Rudolph

IPC: C10J3/30

CPC classification number: C10J3/30 ,  C10J3/32 ,  C10J3/76 ,  C10J3/78 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0959 ,  C10J2300/0969 ,  C10J2300/0976

Abstract: The apparatus serves to continuously charge coarse-grained and fine-grained solid fuels by means of a rotary distributor onto a fixed bed of fuel. The fixed bed is disposed within a reactor for gasifying the fuels. Gasifying agents comprising oxygen, steam and/or carbon dioxide are passed through the fixed bed from below. Residual matter left after the gasification is withdrawn under the fixed bed as solid ash or liquid slag. Fine-grained fuel having a mean particle size up to 5 mm are placed onto the fixed bed as helical layers separately form more coarsely grained fuel having a mean particle size above 5 mm. The more coarsely grained fuel is deposited directly on fine-grained fuel which has just been deposited.The gasifier comprises a rotary distributor that includes at least one passage for the fine-grained fuel and at least one passage for the more coarsely grained fuel. The inlet of the passage for fine-grained fuel is disposed near the center of the rotary distributor. The inlet of the passage for the more coarsely grained fuel is disposed near the periphery of the rotary distributor.

Abstract translation: 该装置用于通过旋转分配器将粗粒和细粒固体燃料连续地装载到固定的燃料床上。 固定床设置在用于使燃料气化的反应器内。 包含氧气，蒸汽和/或二氧化碳的气化剂从下方通过固定床。 气化后留下的剩余物质在固定床下作为固体灰分或液体渣排出。 将平均粒径达5mm的细粒度燃料放置在固定床上，螺旋层分别形成平均粒度大于5mm的更粗粒度的燃料。 更粗糙的燃料直接沉积在刚刚沉积的细粒燃料上。 气化器包括旋转分配器，其包括用于细粒燃料的至少一个通道和用于更粗粒度燃料的至少一个通道。 用于细粒度燃料的通道的入口设置在旋转分配器的中心附近。 用于更粗粒度燃料的通道的入口设置在旋转分配器的周边附近。

公开(公告)号：US4014664A

公开(公告)日：1977-03-29

申请号：US622182

申请日：1975-10-10

Applicant: Hans Kupfer ,  Paul Lange ,  Paul Rudolph

Inventor： Hans Kupfer ,  Paul Lange ,  Paul Rudolph

IPC: C10J3/42 ,  C10J3/16

CPC classification number: C10J3/42 ,  C10J3/30 ,  C10J3/74 ,  C10J3/76 ,  C10J3/78 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0959 ,  C10J2300/0976

Abstract: A reactor for the pressure gasification of coal by treatment with oxygen and steam and, if desired, additional gasifying agents, at elevated temperatures and pressures, includes a water-cooled jacket and a rotary grate for moving the material to be gasified and for distributing the gasifying agents introduced into the reactor. The rotary grate is made of at least two concentric parts each of which rotates independly of the other part.

Abstract translation: 用于通过用氧气和蒸汽处理并且如果需要的另外的气化剂在升高的温度和压力下对煤进行加压气化的反应器包括用于移动被气化的材料的水冷套管和旋转炉排， 引入反应器的气化剂。 旋转炉排由至少两个同心部分制成，每个同心部分独立于另一部分旋转。

公开(公告)号：US3937620A

公开(公告)日：1976-02-10

申请号：US499095

申请日：1974-08-20

Applicant: Paul Rudolph ,  Hans Kupfer ,  Werner Schmidt

Inventor： Paul Rudolph ,  Hans Kupfer ,  Werner Schmidt

IPC: C10J3/42 ,  C10J3/16

CPC classification number: C10J3/42 ,  C10J3/30 ,  C10J3/74 ,  C10J3/76 ,  C10J3/78 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0956 ,  C10J2300/0959 ,  C10J2300/0969 ,  C10J2300/0976

Abstract: Coal is gasified under elevated pressures and temperatures in a reactor having a rotatably mounted grate and supply conduits for oxygen-containing and oxygen-free gasifying agents. The rotary grate contains an internal chamber adjacent to the bearing for the grate and one of the supply conduits is adapted to feed an oxygen-free fluid to this internal chamber. The uppermost portion of the rotary grate contains a substantially closed internal chamber which has a supply conduit for feeding an oxygen-free fluid thereto. A mixing chamber is positioned between the uppermost chamber and the chamber adjacent the bearing for the grate and is provided with passages which lead to the charge to be gasified. The mixing chamber communicates with the uppermost chamber as well as the chamber adjacent the bearing and also has a supply conduit for feeding gasifying agents containing free oxygen thereto.The process disclosed involves maintaining those portions of the rotary grate having the least resistance to free oxygen in a steam atmosphere.