公开(公告)号：US5379602A

公开(公告)日：1995-01-10

申请号：US92260

申请日：1993-07-14

申请人： Heikki Sipila ,  Sakari Viitamaki

发明人： Heikki Sipila ,  Sakari Viitamaki

IPC分类号： F17C13/00 ,  F25D3/00 ,  F25D19/00 ,  F25B19/02

CPC分类号： F25D3/00 ,  F17C13/006 ,  F25D19/006 ,  F17C2203/0391 ,  F17C2221/014 ,  F17C2221/035 ,  F17C2223/0153 ,  F17C2223/0161 ,  F17C2227/0337

摘要： The invention relates to a method and apparatus for providing cooling in a reloadable cooling apparatus, which can be used in actuators requiring low temperatures. According to the invention, the loading of at least one cooling element (2, 22, 32), located in the vacuum of the cooling apparatus, is carried out through at least one cooling surface (4, 25, 34), connected to outside the cooling apparatus (1, 21, 31), and the period between two loadings is extended by reducing the transversal area of the supporting member (3, 23, 33) and by reducing the heat conduction distance of the supporting member (3, 23, 33) of the cooling element from the cooling apparatus (1, 21, 33), advantageously by shaping the supporting member (3, 23, 33).

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种用于在可再加载的冷却装置中提供冷却的方法和装置，其可用于需要低温的致动器中。 根据本发明，位于冷却装置的真空中的至少一个冷却元件（2,22,32）的装载通过连接到外部的至少一个冷却表面（4,25,34）进行 通过减小支撑构件（3,23,33）的横向面积并且通过减小支撑构件（3,23）的热传导距离来延长冷却装置（1,21,31）和两个负载之间的周期 ，33），有利地通过使支撑构件（3,23,33）成形来实现冷却装置（1，21,33）的冷却元件。

公开(公告)号：US06242740B1

公开(公告)日：2001-06-05

申请号：US09151325

申请日：1998-09-11

申请人： Arttu Luukanen ,  Heikki Sipila ,  Veli-Pekka Viitanen

发明人： Arttu Luukanen ,  Heikki Sipila ,  Veli-Pekka Viitanen

IPC分类号： H01L310232

CPC分类号： H04N5/30 ,  G01J3/2823 ,  G01J5/0837 ,  G01J5/20 ,  G01S3/784 ,  G01S13/887 ,  G01S17/89 ,  G01V8/005

摘要： The invention relates to detection performed over millimeter and submillimeter wavelengths, especially to imaging solutions functioning over a submillimeter-wavelength range. The system of the invention uses detectors, comprising antenna coupled bolometers together with wavelength selective optics. The detector matrix is preferably curved for reducing the number of imaging errors. In order to provide a curved detector matrix, the detector matrix is constituted by flat submatrices, each being provided with one or more integrated antenna coupled bolometers. The detectable frequency range is preferably limited in two stages, first by means of wavelength selective optics and secondly by means of the operating band of the antenna of an antenna coupled bolometer. In order to focus the incoming radiation on bolometers, the bolometer substrate is fitted or the surface or interior of the bolometer substrate is provided with a bolometer lens or a corresponding optical element in alignment with each bolometer.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及在毫米波和亚毫米波长上执行的检测，特别涉及在亚毫米波长范围内运行的成像解决方案。 本发明的系统使用检测器，其包括与波长选择光学器件一起的天线耦合辐射热计。 检测器矩阵优选是弯曲的，以减少成像误差的数量。 为了提供弯曲的检测器矩阵，检测器矩阵由平坦的子矩阵构成，每个子矩阵都具有一个或多个集成的天线耦合辐射计。 可检测的频率范围优选地分为两个阶段，首先通过波长选择光学器件，其次通过天线耦合测辐射热计的天线的工作频带来限制。 为了将进入的辐射聚焦在测辐射热计上，测辐射热计基片被装配或测辐射热计基板的表面或内部设置有测辐射热量计透镜或与每个测辐射热计对准的相应的光学元件。

公开(公告)号：US6049589A

公开(公告)日：2000-04-11

申请号：US103389

申请日：1998-06-24

申请人： Heikki Sipila

发明人： Heikki Sipila

IPC分类号： G21K1/00 ,  G01N23/223 ,  H01J35/02 ,  H01J35/08 ,  H05G1/02

CPC分类号： G01N23/223 ,  H01J35/02 ,  H05G1/02 ,  G01N2223/076

摘要： The invention relates to X-ray fluorescence measuring systems, more specifically to methods for producing polarized X-radiation. The invention is based on the idea of using beryllium as the anode material despite its poor effectiveness. Some of the X-radiation spectrum produced by a beryllium anode is polarized radiation, more specifically its high-energy portion. The system of the invention involves filtering out the low-energy portion of the spectrum, whereby the remaining intensely polarized radiation can be used as excitation radiation in X-ray fluorescence measurements. The system of the invention is capable of achieving a certain intensity of polarized X-radiation by means of an X-ray tube less powerful than those used in common prior art solutions based on the use of scattering media.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及X射线荧光测量系统，更具体地涉及用于产生极化X射线的方法。 本发明基于使用铍作为阳极材料的想法，尽管其效果差。 由铍阳极产生的一些X射线光谱是偏振辐射，更具体地说是其高能部分。 本发明的系统包括滤出光谱的低能部分，由此剩余的强极化辐射可用作X射线荧光测量中的激发辐射。 本发明的系统能够通过基于使用散射介质的常规现有技术解决方案中使用的X射线管的强度来获得一定的极化X射线强度。

公开(公告)号：US20150357150A1

公开(公告)日：2015-12-10

申请号：US14422878

申请日：2012-08-22

申请人： Esa KOSTAMO ,  Jari KOSTAMO ,  Pasi KOSTAMO ,  Marco MATTILA ,  Pekka TORMA ,  Heikki SIPILA

发明人： Esa KOSTAMO ,  Jari KOSTAMO ,  Pasi KOSTAMO ,  Marco MATTILA ,  Pekka TORMA ,  Heikki SIPILA

IPC分类号： H01J35/18

CPC分类号： H01J5/18 ,  H01J35/18 ,  H01J2235/18 ,  H01J2235/183

摘要： A radiation window foil is provided for an X-ray radiation window. It includes a continuous window layer with a first side and a second side. A first mesh or grid layer is stacked on or bonded to the first side of the continuous window layer. A second mesh or grid layer is stacked on or bonded to the second side of the continuous window layer.

摘要翻译： 为X射线辐射窗提供辐射窗箔。 它包括具有第一侧和第二侧的连续窗口层。 第一网格或栅格层堆叠在连接窗口层的第一侧上或结合到连续窗口层的第一侧上。 第二网格或栅格层堆叠在或连接到连续窗口层的第二侧上。

公开(公告)号：US4733976A

公开(公告)日：1988-03-29

申请号：US22257

申请日：1987-03-03

申请人： Torbjorn Henriksson ,  Kari Laukia ,  Heikki Sipila ,  Markus Hjerppe ,  Esa Rane

发明人： Torbjorn Henriksson ,  Kari Laukia ,  Heikki Sipila ,  Markus Hjerppe ,  Esa Rane

IPC分类号： F16C33/10 ,  B63H23/32 ,  B63H23/36 ,  F16C17/14 ,  F16C33/00 ,  F16J15/54 ,  F16C3/00 ,  B63H1/15 ,  F01M9/00 ,  F16C33/72

CPC分类号： F16J15/54 ,  B63H23/321 ,  B63H2023/327 ,  Y10S384/904

摘要： The invention relates to a method for preventing leaks in a propeller shaft bearing arrangement including a plain bearing (2), which is lubricated with oil or water and which supports the propeller shaft (1) extending through an opening in the body (4) of a hull, and packing members (6,7) for keeping the lubricant in the lubrication space and for preventing water from entering the bearing arrangement. The pressure vibrations occuring in the lubricant are equalized by arranging, in the lubrication space, a medium prossesing a high compressiblility, which medium through changes in volume receives and equalizes said pressure vibrations.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种用于防止在包括滑动轴承（2）的传动轴轴承装置中的泄漏的方法，所述滑动轴承（2）用油或水润滑并且支撑经由主体（4）中的开口延伸的传动轴（1） 船体和用于将润滑剂保持在润滑空间中并防止水进入轴承装置的包装件（6,7）。 通过在润滑空间中布置具有高压缩性的介质，通过体积变化接收的介质和均衡所述压力振动，使润滑剂中产生的压力振动相等。

公开(公告)号：US11105936B2

公开(公告)日：2021-08-31

申请号：US16615977

申请日：2017-06-20

申请人： HEIKKI SIPILA OY

发明人： Heikki Johannes Sipila

IPC分类号： G01J1/48 ,  G01T1/185 ,  H01J47/02 ,  G01T1/36

摘要： The invention relates to a gas drift detector (100) comprising: a chamber formed by: a housing (102) having a first end and a second end; a radiation window (104) arranged to cover an opening of the first end of the housing (102); and a substrate (106) arranged to cover an opening of the second end of the housing (102), an anode (110) arranged to the substrate (106), one or more conductive rings (108) arranged on a surface (106a) of the substrate facing inside the chamber, and an amplifier (112) arranged to the opposite surface (106b) of the substrate than the conductive rings (108). The amplifier (112) is electrically connected to the anode (110). The chamber is filled with a gas.

公开(公告)号：US09640358B2

公开(公告)日：2017-05-02

申请号：US14422878

申请日：2012-08-22

申请人： Esa Kostamo ,  Jari Kostamo ,  Pasi Kostamo ,  Marco Mattila ,  Pekka Torma ,  Heikki Sipila

发明人： Esa Kostamo ,  Jari Kostamo ,  Pasi Kostamo ,  Marco Mattila ,  Pekka Torma ,  Heikki Sipila

IPC分类号： H01J35/18 ,  H01J5/18

CPC分类号： H01J5/18 ,  H01J35/18 ,  H01J2235/18 ,  H01J2235/183

摘要： A radiation window foil is provided for an X-ray radiation window. It includes a continuous window layer with a first side and a second side. A first mesh or grid layer is stacked on or bonded to the first side of the continuous window layer. A second mesh or grid layer is stacked on or bonded to the second side of the continuous window layer.

公开(公告)号：US20060262900A1

公开(公告)日：2006-11-23

申请号：US11134740

申请日：2005-05-20

申请人： Heikki Sipila ,  Tero Eklin ,  Kai Kuparinen

发明人： Heikki Sipila ,  Tero Eklin ,  Kai Kuparinen

IPC分类号： G01N23/223 ,  G01T1/36

CPC分类号： G01N21/718 ,  G01N23/223 ,  G01N2223/076

摘要： A measurement apparatus and method are provided for determining the material composition of a sample. An X-ray fluorescence detector (412) detects fluorescent X-rays coming from said sample under irradiation with incident X-rays. A laser source (301) is adapted to produce a laser beam. Focusing optics (302) focus said laser beam into a focal spot on a surface of said sample. An optical sensor (312) detects optical emissions coming from particles of said sample upon being exposed to said laser beam at said focal spot. A gas administration subsystem (104, 105, 106, 107, 108) is adapted to controllably deliver gas to a space (101) around said focal spot.

摘要翻译： 提供了用于确定样品的材料组成的测量装置和方法。 X射线荧光检测器（412）在入射的X射线照射下检测来自所述样品的荧光X射线。 激光源（301）适于产生激光束。 聚焦光学器件（302）将所述激光束聚焦到所述样品的表面上的焦斑中。 光学传感器（312）在所述焦点处暴露于所述激光束时检测来自所述样品的颗粒的光发射。 气体管理子系统（104,105,106,107,108）适于可控地将气体输送到围绕所述焦点的空间（101）。

公开(公告)号：US20050285018A1

公开(公告)日：2005-12-29

申请号：US10881420

申请日：2004-06-29

申请人： Erkki Kiuru ,  Heikki Sipila

发明人： Erkki Kiuru ,  Heikki Sipila

IPC分类号： H01L31/00

CPC分类号： G01T1/247 ,  H04N5/32 ,  H04N5/357

摘要： A drift detector produces an indication of an occurred hit of a quantum in the detector element. For neutralising accumulated charge in the detector element, indications of occurred hits are used to trigger pulses of deliberately increased neutralisation current into the drift detector for the duration of a limited time interval. Alternatively such triggering may be based on the operation of a timer.

摘要翻译： 漂移检测器产生在检测器元件中量子的发生命中的指示。 为了中和检测器元件中的累积电荷，发生的命中的指示用于在有限的时间间隔的持续时间内触发故障增加的到达漂移检测器的中和电流的脉冲。 或者，这种触发可以基于定时器的操作。

公开(公告)号：US4520267A

公开(公告)日：1985-05-28

申请号：US301196

申请日：1981-09-11

申请人： Heikki Sipila ,  Erkki Kiuru ,  Seppo Vaijarvi

发明人： Heikki Sipila ,  Erkki Kiuru ,  Seppo Vaijarvi

IPC分类号： B07C5/34 ,  G01N23/22 ,  G01N23/00

CPC分类号： G01N23/22 ,  G01N2223/05 ,  G01N2223/063 ,  G01N2223/071 ,  G01N2223/084 ,  G01N2223/206 ,  G01N2223/505

摘要： Disclosed is a method and an apparatus for analyzing pieces of ore for the purpose of sorting. Each piece falling by the analyzer is irradiated individually by means of two gamma radiation sources operating at different energy levels so selected that, as to the scattering effect, at one level the Compton effect is predominant and at the other level the Compton effect and the photoelectric effect compete with each other. The former effect is strongly dependent on the ordinal number of the element and, thus, by detecting with at least one detector the scattering intensities produced with the said two sources of radiation and comparing the scattering intensities with each other, the proportion of heavy elements in the ore piece can be determined and the ore piece can be classified on the basis thereof. For example, one energy dispersively operating scintillation detector can be used for detecting the scattered radiation.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于分选矿石块的方法和装置。 由分析仪落下的每个片段通过以不同能级操作的两个伽马辐射源单独照射，所选择的散射效应在一个级别上，康普顿效应是主要的，而在另一个级别，康普顿效应和光电 效果相互竞争。 前者的作用很大程度上取决于元素的序数，因此通过用至少一个检测器检测所述两个辐射源产生的散射强度，并将散射强度彼此比较，重元素的比例 可以确定矿石块，并且可以基于其分类矿石块。 例如，可以使用一种能量分散操作的闪烁检测器来检测散射辐射。