公开(公告)号：US5452087A

公开(公告)日：1995-09-19

申请号：US147830

申请日：1993-11-04

申请人： Henry F. Taylor ,  Robert A. Atkins ,  William N. Gibler ,  Chung-Eun Lee ,  James J. McCoy ,  Matthew O. Spears ,  Mark D. Oakland ,  Victor P. Swenson ,  Gregory M. Beshouri

发明人： Henry F. Taylor ,  Robert A. Atkins ,  William N. Gibler ,  Chung-Eun Lee ,  James J. McCoy ,  Matthew O. Spears ,  Mark D. Oakland ,  Victor P. Swenson ,  Gregory M. Beshouri

IPC分类号： G01L11/02 ,  G01L23/16 ,  G01B9/02

CPC分类号： G01L23/16 ,  G01L11/025

摘要： A method and apparatus is provided for measuring pressure in a pressure containing vessel with a non-intrusive, metal-embedded fiber optic pressure sensor. The pressure containing vessel may, for example, be the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine. A Fabry-Perot Interferometer is arranged in a terminated, single mode fiber to function as a strain gauge. The fiber Fabry-Perot Interferometer (FFPI) is embedded in a metal part which may be disposed in a wall of the pressure containing vessel. The metal part and FFPI experience a longitudinal strain in response to the pressure in the vessel. In another aspect of the invention, a non-intrusive fiber containing the FFPI may be embedded along the axis of a metal bolt. The bolt may be used to attach a part or structure, which is directly exposed to the pressure, to the wall of the vessel. Consequently, the bolt and FFPI experience a longitudinal strain in response to the pressure on the part or structure. In this aspect, the part or structure exposed to the pressure may be, for example, a fuel injection valve that is attached by the bolt to a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于利用非侵入式金属嵌入式光纤压力传感器测量含压容器中的压力的​​方法和装置。 压力容器例如可以是内燃机的燃烧室。 法布里 - 珀罗干涉仪布置在端接的单模光纤中，用作应变仪。 纤维法布里 - 珀罗干涉仪（FFPI）嵌入在可以设置在压力容器的壁中的金属部件中。 金属部件和FFPI响应于容器中的压力而经历纵向应变。 在本发明的另一方面，可以沿着金属螺栓的轴线嵌入含有FFPI的非侵入性纤维。 螺栓可以用于将直接暴露于压力的部件或结构附接到容器的壁。 因此，螺栓和FFPI响应于部件或结构上的压力而经历纵向应变。 在这方面，暴露于压力的部分或结构可以是例如通过螺栓附接到内燃机的气缸盖的燃料喷射阀。

公开(公告)号：US5194847A

公开(公告)日：1993-03-16

申请号：US737449

申请日：1991-07-29

申请人： Henry F. Taylor ,  Chung E. Lee

发明人： Henry F. Taylor ,  Chung E. Lee

IPC分类号： G01H9/00 ,  G01L1/24 ,  G01L11/02 ,  G08B13/12 ,  G08B13/186

CPC分类号： G08B13/122 ,  G01H9/004 ,  G01L1/242 ,  G01L11/025 ,  G08B13/186

摘要： Apparatus for sensing intrusion into a predefined perimeter comprises means for producing a coherent pulsed light, which is injected into an optical sensing fiber having a first predetermined length and positioned along the predefined perimeter. A backscattered light in response to receiving the coherent light pulses is produced and coupled into an optical receiving fiber. The backscattered light is detected by a photodetector and a signal indicative of the backscattered light is produced. An intrusion is detectable from the produced signal as indicated by a change in the backscattered light. To increase the sensitivity of the apparatus, a reference fiber and an interferometer may also be employed.

摘要翻译： 用于感测侵入预定周界的设备包括用于产生相干脉冲光的装置，其被注入到具有第一预定长度并且沿预定周界定位的光学感测光纤中。 响应于接收到相干光脉冲的反向散射光产生并耦合到光接收光纤中。 后向散射光由光电检测器检测，产生指示背散射光的信号。 可以从所产生的信号中检测入侵，如反向散射光的变化所示。 为了提高装置的灵敏度，还可以使用参考光纤和干涉仪。

公开(公告)号：US4420259A

公开(公告)日：1983-12-13

申请号：US314299

申请日：1981-10-23

申请人： Henry F. Taylor

发明人： Henry F. Taylor

IPC分类号： G01C19/72 ,  G01C19/64 ,  G01B9/02

CPC分类号： G01C19/726

摘要： An optical fiber coil rotation rate sensor including provision for equal intensity dual inputs to its fiber coil to allow the device to operate at the quadrature point and circuitry to continuously adjust the phase in order to maintain operation at that quadrature point regardless of the rotation rate. The system includes an optical fiber coil for counterpropagating light beams therethrough and an input circuit for providing a first and second equal intensity light beams for counterpropagation through the fiber coil. The input circuit comprises a laser light source, a beamsplitter for splitting light from the laser source into two equal intensity beams, first and second elongate fiber waveguides for directing the equal intensity beams to the fiber coil for counterpropagation and including two elongate coextensive close-proximity sections for light beam coupling between the fiber waveguides, and a phase shifter circuit for automatically nulling the phase-shift in the beams returning from the coil. The phase-shift required to null the returning beams is proportional to the fiber coil rotation rate.

摘要翻译： 一种光纤线圈旋转速率传感器，包括为其光纤线圈提供等强度的双重输入，以允许器件在正交点处工作，并且电路连续地调节相位，以便保持在该正交点处的操作，而不管旋转速率如何。 该系统包括用于反向传播光束的光纤线圈和用于提供通过光纤线圈进行反向传播的第一和第二等强度光束的输入电路。 输入电路包括激光光源，用于将来自激光源的光分成两束等强光束的分束器，第一和第二细长光纤波导，用于将等强度光束引导到光纤线圈以进行反向传播，并且包括两个细长的共延伸近距离 用于光纤波导之间的光束耦合的部分，以及用于自动归零从线圈返回的光束中的相移的移相器电路。 使返回光束失真所需的相移与光纤线圈旋转速率成比例。

公开(公告)号：US06741763B1

公开(公告)日：2004-05-25

申请号：US10052027

申请日：2002-01-17

申请人： Henry F. Taylor

发明人： Henry F. Taylor

IPC分类号： G02F1035

CPC分类号： H04B10/54 ,  G02F1/01 ,  G02F2203/26 ,  H04B10/25137 ,  H04B10/5051 ,  H04B10/5053

摘要： In a system for transmitting intensity modulated light waves (20) over an optical fiber (18), an optical data transmission apparatus (10) includes a cw laser (12) conformed to emit light at substantially a single frequency. A phase modulator (14) is connected in series with the cw laser (12), wherein the phase modulator (14) is conformed to cause the light from the cw laser (12) to vary in substantially a quadratic manner as a function of time during a time interval T. An intensity modulator (16) is connected in series with the phase modulator (14), wherein the intensity modulator (16) is conformed to transmit or block the light from the phase modulator (14) in accordance with an intensity modulation scheme for transmitting binary data, such that the transmitted light consists of pulses (22) of temporal width T during which the phase of the light varies in substantially a quadratic manner as a function of time.

摘要翻译： 在用于在光纤（18）上传输强度调制光波（20）的系统中，光学数据传输装置（10）包括符合发射基本上单个频率的光的cw激光器（12）。 相位调制器（14）与cw激光器（12）串联连接，其中相位调制器（14）符合以使来自cw激光器（12）的光以时间的函数基本上以二次方式变化 在时间间隔T期间，强度调制器（16）与相位调制器（14）串联连接，其中强度调制器（16）符合根据相位调制器（14）发射或阻挡来自相位调制器（14）的光 用于发射二进制数据的强度调制方案，使得透射光由时间宽度T的脉冲（22）组成，其中光的相位以时间的函数基本上以二次方式变化。

公开(公告)号：US06721466B2

公开(公告)日：2004-04-13

申请号：US09737206

申请日：2000-12-14

申请人： Henry F. Taylor ,  Ohannes Eknoyan

发明人： Henry F. Taylor ,  Ohannes Eknoyan

IPC分类号： G02B600

CPC分类号： G02F1/3136 ,  G02F1/0134 ,  G02F1/116 ,  G02F1/125 ,  G02F1/225 ,  G02F2001/212 ,  G02F2202/20 ,  G02F2203/055 ,  G02F2203/06 ,  G02F2203/585

摘要： A two-port guided wave tunable filter in a birefringent electrooptic and/or acoustooptic substrate material includes two 3-port, symmetric Y-branch beam splitters connected by two waveguide sections in which phase-matched polarization coupling occurs, with an input port and an output port. The optical path difference between the beam splitters is half an optical wavelength, and the polarization coupling regions between the beam splitters are relatively displaced by an odd integral multiple of half the spatial period of the perturbation responsible for the coupling. In one embodiment, an electrooptic tunable filter, the polarization coupling in the waveguides is caused by a spatially periodic strain-inducing film and tuning results from an applied electric field. In another embodiment, an acoustooptic tunable filter, polarization coupling results from a surface acoustic wave and tuning is accomplished by changing the acoustic frequency. Alternatively, four port electrooptic and acoustooptic tunable filters are formed by replacing the 3-port beam splitters with 4-port directional couplers, where in each of the directional couplers the splitting ratio for TE input polarization plus the splitting ratio for TM input polarization is substantially equal to one.

摘要翻译： 双折射电光和/或声光衬底材料中的双端口导波滤波器包括两个三端口对称的Y分支分束器，其通过两个波导部分连接，其中发生相位匹配偏振耦合，输入端口和 输出端口 光束分离器之间的光程差是光波长的一半，分束器之间的偏振耦合区域相对位移为负责耦合的扰动空间周期的一半的奇数整数倍。 在一个实施例中，电光可调滤波器，波导中的偏振耦合是由空间周期性应变诱导膜引起的，并且来自施加的电场的调谐结果。 在另一个实施例中，声光可调谐滤波器，由声表面波产生的偏振耦合，并且通过改变声频实现调谐。 或者，通过用4端口定向耦合器代替3端口分光器来形成四端口电光和声光可调谐滤波器，其中在每个定向耦合器中，TE输入偏振的分频比加上TM输入偏振的分频比基本上 等于1。

公开(公告)号：US06678441B1

公开(公告)日：2004-01-13

申请号：US10041854

申请日：2002-01-07

申请人： Henry F. Taylor

发明人： Henry F. Taylor

IPC分类号： G02B628

CPC分类号： G02B6/29359 ,  G02B6/12007 ,  G02B6/2861

摘要： A multireflector fiber optic filter apparatus, wherein the transmittance and reflectance spectra are periodic in frequency, the apparatus comprising an etalon with N equally spaced reflectors wherein the transmittance and reflectance spectra of said etalon are periodic in optical frequency with a period given by the formula: &Dgr;&ngr;FSR=c/(2ngL), where c=the free space speed of light; ng=the group refractive index for the light propagating in the medium between the reflectors, L=separation between said reflectors, and N is an integer=3,4,5, . . . In a further aspect, an optical circulator is connected to the etalon and an optical fiber is connected to the optical circulator for reflected output.

摘要翻译： 一种多反射器光纤滤波器装置，其中透射率和反射光谱在频率上是周期性的，该装置包括具有N个等间隔反射器的标准具，其中所述标准具的透射率和反射光谱在光学频率上是周期性的，具有由下式给出的周期： DeltanuFSR = c /（2ngL），其中c =光的自由空间速度; ng =在反射器之间介质中传播的光的组折射率，L =所述反射器之间的间隔，N是整数= 3,4,5。 。 。 在另一方面，光环行器连接到标准具，并且光纤连接到光循环器以用于反射输出。

公开(公告)号：US5557406A

公开(公告)日：1996-09-17

申请号：US395448

申请日：1995-02-28

申请人： Henry F. Taylor ,  Roberto Sadkowski ,  Chung E. Lee

发明人： Henry F. Taylor ,  Roberto Sadkowski ,  Chung E. Lee

IPC分类号： G01D5/353 ,  G01B9/02

CPC分类号： G01D5/35303

摘要： Apparatus and method (10, 50) for determining the value of a measurand measured by a fiber optic interferometer sensor (24, 72, 110) is provided. The apparatus includes a light source (16, 58, 102) emitting a light having a periodically modulated frequency which is injected into the interferometric sensor. A modulation cycle is initiated by the microcontroller's (12, 56, 116) generation of a trigger signal. A counter (42, 86) begins counting in response to the trigger signal. A first photodetector (20, 66) is coupled to the light source (16, 58, 102) and produces a first electrical signal proportional to the light. A second photodetector (36, 76, 114) is coupled to the fiber optic interferometer sensor (24, 72, 110) and produces a second electrical signal proportional to the light reflected by the sensor or passed through the sensor and affected by the measurand. A comparator (40, 82, 116) compares the second electrical signal with the first electrical signal and detects a crossing of the first and second electrical signals. The counter (42, 86) stops counting in response to a detected signal crossing. The microcontroller (12, 56, 116) then computes a measurand value from the count value for each modulation cycle.

摘要翻译： 提供了用于确定由光纤干涉仪传感器（24,72,110）测量的被测量的值的装置和方法（10,50）。 该装置包括发射具有周期性调制频率的光的光源（16,58,102），其被注入到干涉测量传感器中。 调制周期由微控制器（12,56,116）产生触发信号启动。 计数器（42,86）响应于触发信号开始计数。 第一光电检测器（20,66）耦合到光源（16,58,102），并产生与光成比例的第一电信号。 第二光电检测器（36,76,114）耦合到光纤干涉仪传感器（24,72,110），并产生与由传感器反射的光成比例的或通过传感器并受被测量影响的第二电信号。 比较器（40,82,116）将第二电信号与第一电信号进行比较，并检测第一和第二电信号的交叉。 计数器（42,48）响应于检测到的信号交叉而停止计数。 微控制器（12,56,116）然后从每个调制周期的计数值计算被测量值。

公开(公告)号：US5283852A

公开(公告)日：1994-02-01

申请号：US926756

申请日：1992-08-07

申请人： William N. Gibler ,  Robert A. Atkins ,  CHung-Eun Lee ,  Henry F. Taylor

发明人： William N. Gibler ,  Robert A. Atkins ,  CHung-Eun Lee ,  Henry F. Taylor

IPC分类号： G02B6/44

CPC分类号： G02B6/443 ,  G02B6/4486

摘要： Optical fibers are embedded in metal structures and components by using a pair of stress-relieving tubes at the air-metal interface of the optical fiber.

摘要翻译： 通过在光纤的空气 - 金属界面处使用一对减压管将光纤嵌入金属结构和部件中。

公开(公告)号：US5157457A

公开(公告)日：1992-10-20

申请号：US592501

申请日：1990-10-03

申请人： Henry F. Taylor

发明人： Henry F. Taylor

IPC分类号： A61B5/00 ,  G01J9/02 ,  G01N21/17 ,  G01N21/39 ,  G01N21/45

CPC分类号： A61B5/1459 ,  G01N21/171 ,  G01N21/45 ,  G01J2009/0226 ,  G01N2021/1793 ,  G01N2021/451 ,  G01N21/39 ,  G01N2201/084

摘要： The present invention is directed to a sensor which utilizes an optical fiber interferometer to detect the absorption of a modulated laser beam by a particular chemical species. In particular, one embodiment of the present invention comprises a fiber optic system in which light from a continuously operating laser is modulated prior to passing through a region containing a chemical species of interest. Absorption of the light from the laser causes heating of the chemical species which, in turn, emits thermal energy that is transferred to an optical fiber that is situated in close proximity to the region in which the light is absorbed. In turn, the increase of the temperature of the optical fiber results in a change in the fiber's refractive index, thereby resulting in a change in the transmittance of said interferometer. The change in transmittance of the fiber is converted into an electrical signal in a photodetector. Thereafter, the modulated signal from the photodetector is recovered by phase-sensitive detection, using a lock-in amplifier. In this fashion, the amplitude of the output signal from the amplifier is proportional to the amount of light absorbed by the chemical species of interest. The concentration of this chemical species may thus be determined.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种利用光纤干涉仪来检测特定化学物质对被调制的激光束的吸收的传感器。 特别地，本发明的一个实施例包括光纤系统，其中来自连续操作的激光的光在通过包含感兴趣的化学物质的区域之前被调制。 来自激光的光的吸收导致化学物质的加热，其进而发射热能，其转移到位于光吸收区域附近的光纤。 反过来，光纤的温度升高导致纤维折射率的变化，从而导致所述干涉仪的透射率的变化。 在光检测器中，光纤的透射率的变化被转换为电信号。 此后，使用锁定放大器，通过相敏检测来恢复来自光电检测器的调制信号。 以这种方式，来自放大器的输出信号的幅度与感兴趣的化学物质所吸收的光量成比例。 因此可以确定该化学物质的浓度。

公开(公告)号：US5021748A

公开(公告)日：1991-06-04

申请号：US422970

申请日：1989-10-18

申请人： Kai Chang ,  Henry F. Taylor

发明人： Kai Chang ,  Henry F. Taylor

IPC分类号： H03F3/54 ,  H03F3/60

CPC分类号： H03F3/602 ,  H03F3/54

摘要： An electromagnetic signal processor is disclosed comprising an input waveguide, an intermediate waveguide, and an output waveguide. The intermediate waveguide comprises two portions having substantially equal electromagnetic impedances. The two portions of the intermediate waveguide are coupled to each other at a first and a second junction. The input and output waveguides are electromagnetically coupled to the intermediate waveguide at the first and the second junctions, respectively. Electrically coupled to the intermediate waveguide is a semiconductor device responsible for processing input electromagnetic signals. The input waveguide functions to receive and direct an input electromagnetic signal to the first junction of the intermediate waveguide. At the first junction, the intermediate waveguide separates the input signal into two signals having substantially equal amplitudes. Each of the separate signals propagates along one of the two portions of the intermediate waveguide and as they propagate, the separate signals are processed by the semiconductor device. At the second junction, the separate signals recombine to form a single output signal and this output signal is transmitted via the output waveguide.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种电磁信号处理器，其包括输入波导，中间波导和输出波导。 中间波导包括具有基本相等的电磁阻抗的两个部分。 中间波导的两个部分在第一和第二连接处彼此耦合。 输入和输出波导分别在第一和第二结点处电磁耦合到中间波导。 电耦合到中间波导是负责处理输入电磁信号的半导体器件。 输入波导用于接收并将输入电磁信号定向到中间波导的第一结。 在第一结处，中间波导将输入信号分离成具有基本相等振幅的两个信号。 每个分离的信号沿着中间波导的两个部分中的一个传播，并且当它们传播时，分离的信号由半导体器件处理。 在第二个结点处，单独的信号复合形成单个输出信号，该输出信号通过输出波导传输。