Abstract:
A double pattern method of forming a plurality of contact holes in a material layer formed on a substrate is disclosed. The method forms a parallel plurality of first hard mask patterns separated by a first pitch in a first direction on the material layer, a self-aligned parallel plurality of second hard mask patterns interleaved with the first hard mask patterns and separated from the first hard mask patterns by a buffer layer to form composite mask patterns, and a plurality of upper mask patterns in a second direction intersecting the first direction to mask selected portions of the buffer layer in conjunction with the composite mask patterns. The method then etches non-selected portions of the buffer layer using the composite hard mask patterns and the upper mask patterns as an etch mask to form a plurality of hard mask holes exposing selected portions of the material layer, and then etches the selected portions of the material layer to form the plurality of contact holes.
Abstract:
Methods are provided for forming a device, such as a semiconductor device. A field region and an active region of a substrate are defined in which the field region has an upper surface that extends further away from the substrate and is higher than an upper surface of the active region. A hard mask layer is formed with a substantially planar upper surface on the field region and the active region. The hard mask layer is partially etched to form a hard mask pattern that exposes at least a portion of the active region. The substrate is partially etched in the active region using the hard mask pattern as an etching mask to form a gate trench. A recessed gate electrode if formed on the substrate in the gate trench.
Abstract:
In a thin layer structure and a method of forming the same, a first preliminary insulation pattern is formed on a substrate and includes a first opening exposing the substrate. One or more preliminary seed patterns including single crystalline silicon are formed in the first opening. A second insulation layer is formed on the first preliminary insulation pattern and the one or more preliminary seed patterns. A second insulation pattern, a first insulation pattern and one or more seed patterns are formed by etching the first and second insulation layers and the one or more preliminary seed patterns. The second insulation pattern includes a second opening having a flat bottom portion. A single crystalline silicon pattern is formed in the second opening, wherein a central thickness of the single crystalline silicon pattern is substantially identical to a peripheral thickness thereof, thereby reducing or preventing a thinning defect in a semiconductor device.
Abstract:
Embodiments of the invention include dynamic random access memory (DRAM) devices that utilize field effect transistors with trench-based gate electrodes. In these devices, a semiconductor substrate is provided having an isolation trench therein. This isolation trench is formed in a first portion of the semiconductor substrate. An electrically insulating liner is provided on a bottom and sidewalls of the isolation trench. The isolation trench is also filled with field oxide region, which extends on the electrically insulating liner. A field effect transistor is also provided in the semiconductor substrate. This transistor includes a gate electrode trench in a second portion of the semiconductor substrate and a gate insulating layer that lines a bottom and sidewalls of the gate electrode trench. A gate electrode is provided in the gate electrode trench. The gate electrode contacts the electrically insulating liner in the isolation trench and the gate insulating layer. Source and drain regions extend in the semiconductor substrate and adjacent the gate electrode.
Abstract:
In a thin layer structure and a method of forming the same, a first preliminary insulation pattern is formed on a substrate and includes a first opening exposing the substrate. One or more preliminary seed patterns including single crystalline silicon are formed in the first opening. A second insulation layer is formed on the first preliminary insulation pattern and the one or more preliminary seed patterns. A second insulation pattern, a first insulation pattern and one or more seed patterns are formed by etching the first and second insulation layers and the one or more preliminary seed patterns. The second insulation pattern includes a second opening having a flat bottom portion. A single crystalline silicon pattern is formed in the second opening, wherein a central thickness of the single crystalline silicon pattern is substantially identical to a peripheral thickness thereof, thereby reducing or preventing a thinning defect in a semiconductor device.
Abstract:
Methods are provided for forming a device, such as a semiconductor device. A field region and an active region of a substrate are defined in which the field region has an upper surface that extends further away from the substrate and is higher than an upper surface of the active region. A hard mask layer is formed with a substantially planar upper surface on the field region and the active region. The hard mask layer is partially etched to form a hard mask pattern that exposes at least a portion of the active region. The substrate is partially etched in the active region using the hard mask pattern as an etching mask to form a gate trench. A recessed gate electrode if formed on the substrate in the gate trench.
Abstract:
A double pattern method of forming a plurality of contact holes in a material layer formed on a substrate is disclosed. The method forms a parallel plurality of first hard mask patterns separated by a first pitch in a first direction on the material layer, a self-aligned parallel plurality of second hard mask patterns interleaved with the first hard mask patterns and separated from the first hard mask patterns by a buffer layer to form composite mask patterns, and a plurality of upper mask patterns in a second direction intersecting the first direction to mask selected portions of the buffer layer in conjunction with the composite mask patterns. The method then etches non-selected portions of the buffer layer using the composite hard mask patterns and the upper mask patterns as an etch mask to form a plurality of hard mask holes exposing selected portions of the material layer, and then etches the selected portions of the material layer to form the plurality of contact holes.