公开(公告)号：US20100074489A1

公开(公告)日：2010-03-25

申请号：US12549797

申请日：2009-08-28

申请人： James V. Bacus ,  James W. Bacus

发明人： James V. Bacus ,  James W. Bacus

IPC分类号： G06K9/00

CPC分类号： G06T3/40 ,  G01N2015/1447 ,  G01N2015/1452 ,  G02B21/367 ,  G06T3/00

摘要： A virtual microscope slide includes images of a specimen for a given level of optical magnification which are associated and stored in a data structure. The forming of the data structure having the multiple Z-plane images preferably includes automatically focusing at a principal reference focal plane and capturing and digitizing an optically magnified reference Z-image and then shifting the specimen relative to the lens system by a predetermined increment to capture and digitize another Z-plane image. Preferably, a multiple sequence of Z-plane images above and below the reference image and captured and digitized. For ease of retrieval and use, each reference image has its associated Z-plane images are formed in a stack that is sent over the Internet, or Intranet to a local computer storage for quick retrieval when a viewer wants to mimic a focusing up or down to better view a detail in an image. Thus, the resultant images are retrieved and displayed such that a virtual focusing capability is available to the user. The images can be formed with overlapping fields of depth, adjacent fields of depth, or wholly separated fields of depth.

摘要翻译： 虚拟显微镜幻灯片包括用于给定水平的光学倍率的样本的图像，其被关联并存储在数据结构中。 具有多个Z平面图像的数据结构的形成优选地包括在主参考焦平面处自动聚焦并且捕获和数字化光学放大的参考Z图像，然后将样本相对于透镜系统移动预定增量以捕获 并数字化另一个Z平面图像。 优选地，在参考图像上方和下方的Z平面图像的多个序列被捕获并数字化。 为了便于检索和使用，每个参考图像具有相关联的Z平面图像形成在通过因特网或内部网发送到本地计算机存储器的堆栈中，以便当观看者想要模拟向上或向下聚焦时快速检索 以更好地查看图像中的细节。 因此，检索并显示所得到的图像，使得虚拟聚焦能力对于用户是可用的。 图像可以形成为具有重叠的深度场，相邻的深度场或完全分开的深度场。

公开(公告)号：US06775402B2

公开(公告)日：2004-08-10

申请号：US10365548

申请日：2003-02-12

申请人： James W. Bacus ,  James V. Bacus

发明人： James W. Bacus ,  James V. Bacus

IPC分类号： G06K900

CPC分类号： G06T3/4038 ,  G01N15/1475 ,  G02B21/367 ,  G06F19/00 ,  G06F19/321 ,  G06F19/3418 ,  G06K9/00127 ,  G16H10/40 ,  G16H40/63 ,  Y10S707/99942 ,  Y10S707/99943 ,  Y10S707/99945

摘要： A method and apparatus are disclosed for constructing a virtual microscope slide comprised of digitally scanned images from a microscope specimen. The digitally scanned images are arranged in a tiled format convenient for viewing without a microscope, and for transferring the tiled images for viewing by another at a remote location. Several original microscope views at a low magnification are digitized and stored as digitized images coherently seamed together to provide an overall virtual, macro image of the specimen at a lower resolution. Several original microscope views at higher magnifications are digitized and stored as digitized images coherently seamed together to provide virtual micro images at higher resolution. A data structure is formed with these virtual macro and micro digitized images along with their mapping coordinates. Preferably, a generic viewing program is also provided in the data structure that allows remote users to manipulate and interpret the tiled images on the user's monitor. Also, the data structure is formed with significantly compressed data so as to be transmitted over low bandwidth channels, such as the Internet, without loss of resolution that would interfere with the analysis at a remotely-located pathologist receiving the data structure over the Internet. The preferred interactive program allows the pathologist to scroll and view neighboring image areas of interest. A marker on the macro image indicates to the user the location of the micro image and assists the user in selecting areas from the macro image to be viewed at higher resolution and magnification.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于构建由显微镜样本的数字扫描图像组成的虚拟显微镜载玻片的方法和装置。 数字扫描的图像以平铺格式排列，便于在没有显微镜的情况下观察，并且用于传送平铺的图像以在另一个远程位置观看。 以低放大倍数的几个原始显微镜视图被数字化并存储为数字化图像，其一致地接合在一起，以较低的分辨率提供样本的整体虚拟的宏观图像。 将较高放大倍数的几个原始显微镜视图数字化并存储为数字化图像，将相干缝合在一起以提供更高分辨率的虚拟微图像。 用这些虚拟宏和微数字化图像以及它们的映射坐标形成数据结构。 优选地，在数据结构中还提供通用观看程序，其允许远程用户操纵和解释用户监视器上的平铺图像。 此外，数据结构形成有显着压缩的数据，以便在诸如因特网的低带宽信道上传输，而不会导致干扰在通过因特网接收数据结构的远程位于病理学家处的分析的分辨率。 优选的交互式程序允许病理学家滚动并查看感兴趣的邻近图像区域。 宏图像上的标记向用户指示微图像的位置，并且帮助用户从较高分辨率和放大倍率的宏观图像中选择区域。

公开(公告)号：US06674884B2

公开(公告)日：2004-01-06

申请号：US10008519

申请日：2001-11-13

申请人： James V. Bacus ,  James W. Bacus

发明人： James V. Bacus ,  James W. Bacus

IPC分类号： G06K900

CPC分类号： G06T3/4038 ,  G01N15/1475 ,  G06F19/00 ,  G06F19/321 ,  G06F19/3418 ,  G06K9/00127 ,  G06T7/0012 ,  G16H40/63

摘要： An apparatus and method acquires and stores multiple resolution images from a specimen on a support and provides to the user a low magnification, reconstructed macro image of the entire specimen, or a large portion thereof, to aid the person in selecting points of interest to be viewed or analyzed at higher magnifications and resolution. The reconstructed image is formed of a large number of tiled, stored images which are coordinated and assembled to form the macro image of the specimen which is displayed on a monitor. Preferably, the stored, reconstructed image is reduced further in size by a software system before it is displayed to the user. The display may be on a local monitor over a local area network or sent over the Internet to the user who is typically a pathologist. The user selects by a marker such as a cursor the defined area of interest or region and then views higher magnification images or has them analyzed. Preferably, the pathologist can scroll to shift digitized, adjacent image tiles into view on the monitor. A fully computer-controlled microscope is used to acquire and store the digitized images and the illustrated microscope can be remotely controlled to change objective lenses, focus, light intensity, filters, field diaphragm, and to shift the microscope stage by a controller.

摘要翻译： 一种装置和方法从支架上的样本获取和存储多个分辨率图像，并向用户提供整个样本或其大部分的低倍率，重建的宏观图像，以帮助人们选择兴趣点为 以更高的放大倍数和分辨率观察或分析。 重建图像由大量平铺的，存储的图像形成，它们被协调和组装以形成显示在监视器上的样本的宏观图像。 优选地，在将软件系统显示给用户之前，存储的重建图像的大小进一步减小。 显示器可以在本地监视器上通过局域网或通过因特网发送给通常为病理学家的用户。 用户通过诸如光标的标记来选择所定义的感兴趣区域或区域，然后查看更高倍率的图像或者使它们被分析。 优选地，病理学家可以滚动以将数字化的相邻图像瓦片移动到监视器上的视图中。 使用完全计算机控制的显微镜来获取和存储数字化图像，并且可以远程地控制所示的显微镜，以改变物镜，对焦，光强度，滤光器，场隔膜，并通过控制器移动显微镜台。

公开(公告)号：US06226392B1

公开(公告)日：2001-05-01

申请号：US09395694

申请日：1999-09-13

申请人： James V. Bacus ,  James W. Bacus

发明人： James V. Bacus ,  James W. Bacus

IPC分类号： G06F1500

CPC分类号： G06T7/0012 ,  G01N15/1475 ,  G06K9/0014 ,  G06T3/4038 ,  Y10S128/922

摘要： A method is disclosed for using a computer controlled microscope system to provide a reconstructed, seamless image from several contiguous fields of view to show the architecture and spatial relationship of biological material in a specimen. The specimen is scanned with a microscope and a digital scanner to provide digitized titles of contiguous, fields of view at a predetermined magnification, optical resolution and pixel resolution. Preferably, an automated X, Y stage with higher positional spatial resolution than the spatial pixel resolution of the digital scanner is used to acquire the contiguous fields of view and the image registration information which is used to reconstruct and to display on a monitor the reconstructed image formed of the contiguous multiple fields of view. Preferably, a macro image of contiguous image tiles at a low magnification and optical resolution is obtained and the user navigates within the macro image and selects areas. Higher magnification titles for the selected area are assembled and viewed at a higher magnification and optical resolution as a composite micro image of the selected area. Both the macro and micro images may be displayed simultaneously. Preferably, the user may scroll and cause additional fields of view to be added to previously displayed fields of view.

公开(公告)号：US5428690A

公开(公告)日：1995-06-27

申请号：US837051

申请日：1992-02-18

申请人： James W. Bacus ,  James V. Bacus ,  Robert E. Wagner

发明人： James W. Bacus ,  James V. Bacus ,  Robert E. Wagner

IPC分类号： G01N1/28 ,  G01N1/30 ,  G01N15/14 ,  G01N35/00 ,  G01N35/04 ,  G02B21/00 ,  G02B21/34 ,  H04N7/18 ,  G06K9/00 ,  G01N33/48 ,  G06F15/00

CPC分类号： G02B21/34 ,  G01N35/00029 ,  G01N35/00603 ,  G01N1/30

摘要： An apparatus and method for automated assay of biological specimens positioned on microscope slides. The apparatus comprises an interactive optical subsystem for viewing the biological specimen on the slide and for producing an interactive video signal corresponding to the viewed image. An automated optical subsystem includes a single high power microscope objective for scanning a rack of slides, portions of which having been previously identified for assay in the interactive optical means. The system also includes a processor for processing the interactive and automatic video signals for the two optical subsystems. The processor receives the automatic video signal and performs biological assay functions upon it. A method and apparatus are also disclosed for marking points for later analysis on the microscope slides and for associating an analysis function with each marked point.

摘要翻译： 用于自动化测定位于显微镜载片上的生物样品的装置和方法。 该装置包括用于观看载玻片上的生物样本并用于产生对应于所观看图像的交互式视频信号的交互式光学子系统。 自动化光学子系统包括用于扫描幻灯片架的单个高功率显微镜物镜，其中部分已经被识别为在交互式光学装置中进行测定。 该系统还包括用于处理两个光学子系统的交互和自动视频信号的处理器。 处理器接收自动视频信号并在其上执行生物测定功能。 还公开了一种方法和装置，用于标记点用于随后在显微镜载片上分析，并将分析功能与每个标记点相关联。

公开(公告)号：US5134662A

公开(公告)日：1992-07-28

申请号：US664403

申请日：1991-03-04

申请人： James W. Bacus ,  Ralph S. Hernicz

发明人： James W. Bacus ,  Ralph S. Hernicz

IPC分类号： G01N15/14 ,  G01N33/569 ,  G06K9/00 ,  G06T7/00

CPC分类号： G06T7/002 ,  G01N15/1468 ,  G01N33/56966 ,  G01N33/56972 ,  G06K9/00127 ,  G01N15/1475 ,  G01N2021/1776 ,  G01N21/6458 ,  G01N2201/127

摘要： A method and apparatus is disclosed for use in performing automated classification of cells and other microscopic specimens. The apparatus provides a compact, adjustable assembly that is operable to provide: an operator-apparatus interactive classification system for the cell analysis; alternative techniques for different cells, cytoplasms and cell populations; and enchanced image or color separation and analysis.

摘要翻译： 公开了用于执行细胞和其它微观样品的自动分类的方法和装置。 该装置提供了一种紧凑的，可调节的组件，其可操作以提供：用于细胞分析的操作者装置交互式分类系统; 不同细胞，细胞质和细胞群的替代技术; 并加强图像或颜色分离和分析。

公开(公告)号：US4266505A

公开(公告)日：1981-05-12

申请号：US51896

申请日：1979-06-25

申请人： James W. Bacus

发明人： James W. Bacus

IPC分类号： G01N1/28 ,  G01N33/483 ,  B44D1/02

CPC分类号： G01N1/2813 ,  G01N2496/05

摘要： An apparatus for preparing blood samples containing red blood cells for automated analysis wherein the blood sample on a slide is spun to create a monolayer of randomly distributed red blood cells. To inhibit cell morphology distortions from occurring during drying, the morphologies of the cells contained in the monolayer are preserved by a fixing agent after monolayer preparation but prior to drying when such distortions would otherwise develop. The method and apparatus are particularly useful for fixing red blood cells to prevent loss of or deformation of a central pallor which would be detrimental to a subsequent automated analysis.

摘要翻译： 一种用于制备含有红细胞用于自动分析的血液样品的装置，其中将载玻片上的血液样品旋转以产生随机分布的红细胞的单层。 为了抑制干燥期间发生的细胞形态变形，单层制备后的固定剂保留单层中所含的细胞的形态，但在干燥之前，如果这种变形会另外发生，则保留细胞的形态。 该方法和装置对于固定红细胞特别有用，以防止对随后的自动化分析有害的中央苍白体的损失或变形。

公开(公告)号：US4199748A

公开(公告)日：1980-04-22

申请号：US875126

申请日：1978-02-03

申请人： James W. Bacus

发明人： James W. Bacus

IPC分类号： G01N15/14 ,  G06K9/00

CPC分类号： G06K9/00127 ,  G01N15/1468 ,  G01N15/1475

摘要： A method and apparatus are disclosed for measuring characteristics of cells, such as red blood cells, and for analyzing parameters of the cell characteristics to define a patient's blood. These parameters may be compared for resemblance to predetermined reference characteristic values for a blood cell pathological condition such as a specific kind of anemia or for a normal blood. A report may be generated showing such resemblance to an anemia or to a normal blood. A report may be generated showing parameters of a multivariate dispersion of distribution for a subpopulation of biconcave cells, an indication of skewness of the distribution of the cells with regard to shape variations in central pallor size; the proportion of abnormal kinds of cells found, and closeness of blood to several specific anemias. To expedite the system, a plurality of microprocessors are employed with one microprocessor controlling the imaging means and the summing of measured characteristics while one or more additional microprocessors are measureing characteristics and analyzing the digitized image signals. An improved method of measuring central pallor size is provided.

摘要翻译： 公开了用于测量诸如红细胞的细胞特征的方法和装置，并且用于分析细胞特征的参数以限定患者的血液。 这些参数可以与血细胞病理状况如特定类型的贫血或正常血液的预定参考特征值进行比较。 可能会产生与贫血或正常血液相似的报告。 可以生成一个报告，其显示了双色子细胞亚群分布的多变量色散的参数，关于细胞分布在中央苍白尺寸上的形状变化的偏度的指示; 发现细胞异常种类的比例，以及几种特定的贫血的血液接近程度。 为了加速该系统，使用多个微处理器，一个微处理器控制成像装置和所测量特征的相加，而一个或多个附加的微处理器正在测量特性并分析数字化的图像信号。 提供了一种改进的中央苍白度测量方法。

公开(公告)号：US4097845A

公开(公告)日：1978-06-27

申请号：US825673

申请日：1977-08-18

申请人： James W. Bacus

发明人： James W. Bacus

IPC分类号： G01N15/14 ,  G06K9/00

CPC分类号： G06K9/00127 ,  G01N15/1475

摘要： A method and apparatus for automatically classifying abnormal and normal red blood cells is disclosed. The abnormal cells may be differentiated into mutually exclusive subpopulations. The individual hemoglobin characteristic for each red blood cell is measured and a hemoglobin parameter may be reported for each subpopulation of cells. Additionally, cell sizes are measured and the mean cell size and Wintrobe indices may be reported. The interior cell structures for red blood cells are analyzed and the cells are classified based on the presence or lack of a central pallor, their shape, size, and hemoglobin content.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于自动分类异常和正常红细胞的方法和装置。 异常细胞可能被分化为相互排斥的亚群。 测量每个红细胞的个体血红蛋白特征，并且可以针对每个细胞亚群报告血红蛋白参数。 另外，测量细胞大小，并可报告平均细胞大小和Wintrobe指数。 分析红细胞的内部细胞结构，并根据中央苍白的存在或缺乏，其形状，大小和血红蛋白含量对细胞进行分类。

公开(公告)号：US3982895A

公开(公告)日：1976-09-28

申请号：US480506

申请日：1974-06-18

申请人： Lynn G. Amos ,  James W. Bacus ,  Robert C. Beaty ,  Charles H. Rogers

发明人： Lynn G. Amos ,  James W. Bacus ,  Robert C. Beaty ,  Charles H. Rogers

IPC分类号： G01N1/28 ,  G01N33/483 ,  G01N33/16

CPC分类号： G01N1/2813 ,  G01N2001/2846

摘要： In the preparation of blood films for microscopic examination a slide spins in a centrifuge for a time which is a function of the red blood cell concentration of the blood. A drive circuit controls the time of spinning of a slide centrifuge. A variable control for the centrifuge motor includes a manual adjustment which is adjustable across a scale labeled as a function of the percent hematocrit of the blood.

摘要翻译： 在用于显微镜检查的血液薄膜的制备中，载玻片在离心机中旋转一段时间，这是血液的红细胞浓度的函数。 驱动电路控制幻灯片离心机旋转的时间。 离心机马达的可变控制器包括手动调整，其可以在标记为血液百分比血细胞比容的函数的刻度上调节。