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1.发明授权Method and apparatus for separating solids from gas in a high pressure solids-gas stream utilizing a packed bed of the solids 失效使用固体填充床在高压固体 - 气体流中从气体中分离固体的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5630680A
公开(公告)日：1997-05-20
申请号：US691912
申请日：1996-08-01
摘要： Separation of a high temperature (e.g., 300.degree.-1200.degree. C.) and high pressure (e.g., 2-20 bar) solids-gas stream from a pressurized fluidized bed reactor into solids and gas while reducing the pressure of both the gas and solids takes place in a vertical de-entrainment vessel having a packed bed of solids within it. The possibility of fluidization of the solids is minimized by causing the velocity of the gas component of the solids-gas stream to be reduced during, or just prior to, introduction of the gas into the packed bed of solids, e.g., by providing an expanding conical end to the inlet for the solids-gas stream into the vessel. A gas permeable solids impermeable element may also or alternatively be connected to the inlet and extend toward (optionally all the way to) the side wall of the vessel, to substantially prevent fluidization. The fluidization-preventing element may be a perforated plate, ceramic filter, or wire mesh screen, and may have gradually increasing gas permeability from the inlet to the vessel side wall. At least one inlet flows to the vessel, and at least one separated gas and solids outlet leads from the vessel to a low (e.g., atmospheric) pressure area.
摘要翻译： 将来自加压流化床反应器的高温（例如300℃-1200℃）和高压（例如2-20巴）固体 - 气流分离成固体和气体，同时降低气体和 固体发生在其中具有固体填充床的垂直去除容器中。 通过使固体气体流的气体成分的速度在气体进入固体的填充床期间或之前或之前被降低，使得固体的流化的可能性被最小化，例如通过提供膨胀 锥形端到入口的固体 - 气流进入容器。 气体可渗透的固体不可渗透元件也可以或者替代地连接到入口并且朝着（任选地一直到）容器的侧壁延伸，以基本上防止流化。 流化防止元件可以是多孔板，陶瓷过滤器或丝网筛，并且可以具有从入口到容器侧壁的气体渗透性逐渐增加。 至少一个入口流到容器，并且至少一个分离的气体和固体出口从容器引导到低（例如，大气压）的压力区域。
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2.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5284498A
公开(公告)日：1994-02-08
申请号：US974414
申请日：1992-11-12
申请人： Charles M. Davis , Reijo Kuivalainen , Karukkampalayam M. Sellakumar , Folke Engstrom , Juhani Isaksson , Juha Tiensuu
发明人： Charles M. Davis , Reijo Kuivalainen , Karukkampalayam M. Sellakumar , Folke Engstrom , Juhani Isaksson , Juha Tiensuu
CPC分类号： B01D46/0068 , B01D46/0009 , B01D46/002 , B01D46/0043 , B01D46/2407 , B01D46/4263 , B01D2273/20
摘要： A filter assembly for high temperature gases, such as from a circulating fluidized bed reactor, mounts monolithic ceramic filter elements within an upright vessel so that as the hot gas flows from the top toward the bottom of the vessel the gas passes through the elements with the clean gas discharged through a side wall of the vessel. The particle discharge is provided at the bottom of the vessel. Filter supporting elements within the vessel are cooled by cooling fluid, and pulse cleaning elements are associated with each of the filter elements. Flow directing elements within the vessel typically define a generally conical or pyramidal shaped flow directing surface. The flow directing elements may be refractory material bodies, or funnel shaped thin elements (e.g. of metal capable of withstanding high temperature), and may be mounted so that small amounts of movement are possible to accommodate thermal contraction or expansion.
摘要翻译： 用于高温气体的过滤器组件，例如来自循环流化床反应器，将整体式陶瓷过滤器元件安装在直立容器内，使得当热气体从容器的顶部向底部流动时，气体通过该元件 通过容器侧壁排出的清洁气体。 颗粒放电设置在容器的底部。 容器内的过滤器支撑元件由冷却流体冷却，并且脉冲清洁元件与每个过滤器元件相关联。 容器内的导流元件通常限定一个大致圆锥形或锥形的流动导向表面。 导流元件可以是耐火材料体或漏斗形的薄元件（例如能耐受高温的金属），并且可以安装成使得少量的运动可以适应热收缩或膨胀。
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公开(公告)号：US5148669A
公开(公告)日：1992-09-22
申请号：US609518
申请日：1990-11-05
CPC分类号： F02C7/30
摘要： An apparatus is provided for ensuring that a device--such as a gas turbine--that utilizes gases and will be damaged by particles in the gases greater than the predetermined size, will not be subjected to such particles. A filter, or the like removes particles from the gases, and is connected to the gas utilization device, with a particle concentrating device disposed between the particle remover and turbine. A particle detector is associated with the particle concentrator for detecting an undesirable level of particles above the predetermined size, and an alarm or other device is activated by the particle detecting means in response to an aberrant condition. The particle concentrator comprises a first conduit extending to a branch section, and branching to a second conduit and a third conduit. The second conduit, which may be blind, is a substantial continuation of the first conduit, while the third conduit makes an angle (e.g. about 90.degree.) with respect to the second conduit that is large enough that the vast majority of particles in the first conduit having a size greater than the predetermined size will flow into the second conduit, while gas and smaller particles will flow into the third conduit. The detector may be signal transmitter and receiver, an impact force sensing device, or a filter in the second conduit with a differential pressure sensor for sensing the pressure difference on opposite sides of the filter.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于确保利用气体并将被大于预定尺寸的气体中的颗粒损坏的装置（例如燃气轮机）将不会受到这种颗粒的装置。 过滤器等从气体中除去颗粒，并且连接到气体利用装置，其中颗粒浓缩装置设置在颗粒去除器和涡轮机之间。 颗粒检测器与颗粒聚集器相关联，用于检测超过预定尺寸的不期望的颗粒水平，并且响应于异常情况，由颗粒检测装置激活报警或其它装置。 颗粒聚集器包括延伸到分支部分的第一导管，并且分支到第二导管和第三导管。 可能是盲目的第二导管是第一导管的实质性延续，而第三导管相对于第二导管形成一个角度（例如约90°），该第二导管足够大，使得第一导管中的绝大多数颗粒 具有大于预定尺寸的尺寸的导管将流入第二导管，而气体和较小颗粒将流入第三导管。 检测器可以是信号发射器和接收器，冲击力感测装置或具有差压传感器的第二导管中的过滤器，用于感测过滤器的相对侧上的压力差。
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4.发明授权Method and apparatus for separating solids from gas in a high pressure solids-gas stream utilizing a packed bed of the solids 失效使用固体填充床在高压固体 - 气体流中从气体中分离固体的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5567090A
公开(公告)日：1996-10-22
申请号：US51969
申请日：1993-04-22
摘要： Separation of a high temperature (e.g., 300.degree.-1200.degree. C.) and high pressure (e.g., 2-20 bar) solids-gas stream from a pressurized fluidized bed reactor into solids and gas while reducing the pressure of both the gas and solids takes place in a vertical de-entrainment vessel having a packed bed of solids within it. The possibility of fluidization of the solids is minimized by causing the velocity of the gas component of the solids-gas stream to be reduced during, or just prior to, introduction of the gas into the packed bed of solids, e.g., by providing an expanding conical end to the inlet for the solids-gas stream into the vessel. A gas permeable solids impermeable element may also or alternatively be connected to the inlet and extend toward (optionally all the way to) the side wall of the vessel, to substantially prevent fluidization. The fluidization-preventing element may be a perforated plate, ceramic filter, or wire mesh screen, and may have gradually increasing gas permeability from the inlet to the vessel side wall. A plurality of inlets flow into the vessel, and at least one separated gas and solids outlets leads from the vessel to a low (e.g., atmospheric) pressure area.
摘要翻译： 将来自加压流化床反应器的高温（例如300℃-1200℃）和高压（例如2-20巴）固体 - 气流分离成固体和气体，同时降低气体和 固体发生在其中具有固体填充床的垂直去除容器中。 通过使固体气体流的气体成分的速度在气体进入固体的填充床期间或之前或之前被降低，使得固体的流化的可能性被最小化，例如通过提供膨胀 锥形端到入口的固体 - 气流进入容器。 气体可渗透的固体不可渗透元件也可以或者替代地连接到入口并且朝着（任选地一直到）容器的侧壁延伸，以基本上防止流化。 流化防止元件可以是多孔板，陶瓷过滤器或丝网筛，并且可以具有从入口到容器侧壁的气体渗透性逐渐增加。 多个入口流入容器中，并且至少一个分离的气体和固体出口从容器引导到低（例如大气压）的压力区域。
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公开(公告)号：US5318755A
公开(公告)日：1994-06-07
申请号：US982696
申请日：1992-11-30
IPC分类号： B01D46/00 , B01D46/10 , B01D46/24 , B01D53/50 , B01D53/86 , B01D53/94 , F23J15/02 , B01D50/00
CPC分类号： B01D46/0023 , B01D46/2429 , B01D46/247 , B01D53/508 , B01D53/8625 , B01D53/8631 , B01D53/8656 , F23J15/02 , B01D2046/2433 , B01D2046/2437 , B01D2273/20 , B01D2275/30 , B01D46/2455
摘要： Hot flue or process gases are cleaned utilizing an apparatus containing a barrier filter module formed of a monolithic ceramic support structure coated with a thin porous ceramic layer having a pore size of about 0.04-0.5 microns, and a catalyst module formed of a support structure coated with catalyst. The hot flue gases may be associated with a fluidized bed boiler plant, such as a circulating fluidized bed reactor. Gases to be cleaned are passed through the barrier filter module into contact with the thin porous ceramic layer, and then through the catalyst module so that there is a catalytic reaction with the gas.
摘要翻译： 使用包含由涂覆有孔径为约0.04-0.5微米的薄多孔陶瓷层的整体式陶瓷支撑结构形成的阻挡过滤器模块的装置清洁热烟道或处理气体，以及由涂覆的支撑结构形成的催化剂模块 与催化剂。 热烟道气可以与流化床锅炉设备相关联，例如循环流化床反应器。 要清洁的气体通过阻挡过滤器模块与薄多孔陶瓷层接触，然后通过催化剂模块，使得与气体发生催化反应。
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公开(公告)号：US5242472A
公开(公告)日：1993-09-07
申请号：US569125
申请日：1990-08-17
CPC分类号： B01D46/2407 , B01D46/0068 , B01D46/0069 , B01D46/444 , B01J8/006 , B01D2273/20
摘要： Particulate material is separated from high temperature gas using a number of elongated porous walled tubular filter elements. The dirty sides of the filter elements are operatively connected to a dirty gas inlet to an upright vessel, while the clean side of the filter element is in operative association with a clean gas outlet. A separated particle outlet extends from the bottom of the vessel. Cleaning of the filter elements takes place by a pulse of high pressure cleansing gas which is supplied to the clean side of the filters. In order to prevent thermal shock or mechanical damage to the filters, especially since the cleansing gas is of a lower temperature than the gas being filtered, the volume of cleansing gas is positively controlled. This is accomplished by placing a restrictor (e.g. orifice or nozzle) between the high pressure source of cleansing gas and a reservoir having a volume sufficient to effect cleansing, but insufficient to cause thermal shock. A conduit, with a quick acting valve in the conduit, extends from the reservoir to the clean side of the filter elements. Even if the valve sticks open, there is insufficient volume and/or flow rate of cleansing gas to cause thermal shock to the filters.
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