摘要:
A device for determining deterioration of an air-fuel ratio sensor according to the present invention includes: an air-fuel ratio sensor provided in an exhaust passage of an internal combustion engine, the air-fuel ratio sensor being capable of continuously detecting a broad range of air-fuel ratios including a stoichiometric air-fuel ratio; an air-fuel ratio feedback control circuit for feedback controlling a fuel injection amount based on a difference between an output of the air-fuel ratio sensor and a target output corresponding to a target air-fuel ratio so that an air-fuel ratio of a gaseous mixture substantially equals the target air-fuel ratio, the gaseous mixture being supplied to the engine; a variation cumulative value calculation circuit for cumulating, while the air-fuel ratio feedback control is being performed by the air-fuel ratio feedback control circuit, a variation .DELTA.FT in a fuel injection correction amount, thereby calculating a cumulative variation value .SIGMA..DELTA.FT for a predetermined period; and a deterioration determination circuit for determining that the air-fuel ratio sensor is deteriorated when the cumulative variation value .SIGMA..DELTA.FT calculated by the variation cumulative value calculation circuit exceeds a predetermined value.
摘要翻译:根据本发明的用于确定空燃比传感器的劣化的装置包括:空燃比传感器,其设置在内燃机的排气通道中,所述空燃比传感器能够连续检测宽范围 的空燃比,包括理论空燃比; 空燃比反馈控制电路,用于基于空燃比传感器的输出与目标空燃比对应的目标输出之间的差反馈控制燃料喷射量,使得空燃比反馈控制电路的空燃比 气体混合物基本上等于目标空燃比,气体混合物被供给到发动机; 一个变化累计值计算电路,用于在空燃比反馈控制电路执行空燃比反馈控制的同时,在燃料喷射校正量中进行变化量ΔTAFT,从而计算累积变化值SIGMA DELTA FT 预定时间; 以及劣化判定电路,用于当由变化累积值计算电路计算的累积变化值SIGMA DELTAFT超过预定值时,确定空燃比传感器劣化。
摘要:
In the present invention, the cooling water temperature sensor is diagnosed using a warming up counter WCT. The value of WCT is increased by the increment WCTINC at predetermined intervals after the engine is started. The increment value WCTINC is determined in accordance with the engine operating parameters affecting the rising rate of the cooling water temperature such as the cooling water temperature when the engine is started, the ambient temperature and the engine load. Therefore, the value of the warming up counter accurately corresponds to the actual cooling water temperature. In the diagnosis operation, when the value of the counter WCT reaches a predetermined setting value, the cooling water temperature detected by the cooling water temperature sensor is compared with a reference temperature which corresponds to the setting value of the warming up counter. If the detected cooling water temperature is lower than the reference temperature, the cooling water temperature sensor is determined to have failed. Since the warming up counter which increases at a rate corresponding to the actual rising rate of the cooling water temperature is used, an accurate diagnosis of the cooling water temperature sensor is performed.
摘要:
Fibers spun from polybenzazole dopes can quickly be washed to remove polyphosphoric acid by a combination of initially washing with an acidic liquid and second washing with a hot leaching fluid at at least about 60. The process can reach acceptable residual phosphorous levels (1500-2000 ppm) in as little as about 2 or 3 minutes.
摘要:
An apparatus for analyzing air/fuel ratio sensor characteristics makes it possible to perform highly accurate analysis of the characteristics of an air/fuel ratio sensor to be measured. The apparatus comprises a sensor attachment means in which is mounted an air/fuel ratio sensor to be measured; a gas regulation means for supplying to the sensor attachment means a gas that is substantially equivalent to components of exhaust gases from an engine, or some components thereof; a control means for comparing an output from the air/fuel ratio sensor to be measured mounted in the sensor attachment means and an output from a reference stoichiometric air/fuel ratio sensor at the stoichiometric air/fuel ratio of the engine, to obtain a deviation therebetween and to obtain from a history of this deviation over time the composition and flow rate of gases to be controlled to compensate for this deviation, and issuing appropriate instructions to the gas regulation means; and an air/ratio measurement means for measuring a time average of the thus controlled air/fuel ratio.
摘要:
A multi-layer leadframe according to this invention is formed by laminating on a leadframe body an insulating layer and an electrically conductive layer in this order. The electrically conductive plate includes a planar portion and a given number of terminal portions extending therefrom, said planar portion extending across said insulating layer laminated on said leadframe body. The planar portion is made thinner than the terminal portions. A thin portion of this planar portion is formed by an etching technique, and at least a part of the terminal portions of the electrically conductive plate is fixedly connected with an inner lead of the leadframe body.
摘要:
A leadframe according to this invention is formed by bonding a single leadframe with a substrate using adhesive film or double-sided adhesive resin film, which is divided and attached to two or more predetermined points between them. This reduces the quantity of gas or contaminants generated from adhesives. Also, this results in the reduction of the stress generated during heat treatment of the leadframe and also in the elimination of warping of the lead frame due to thermal stress. Cracking does not occur on the resin because resin is removed easily and assuredly, and no air is left behind. This contributes to high reliability and increased productivity. The lead frame is further formed by bonding a plurality of metal substrates of different materials to single leadframe. This through more stable thermal behavior high reliability.
摘要:
A reduction type starter, wherein an idle shaft is mounted in a starter housing in parallel with a motor shaft and a pinion drive shaft, and an over running clutch is provided on the idle shaft so that a reduction of rotational speed can be performed at two stages.